
    Anne M. M. Kidder, App’lt, v. George Bork, Resp’t.
    
      (Buffalo Superior Court, General Term,
    
    
      Filed May 15, 1895.)
    
    Pleading — Warranty—Breach.
    Where a breach of the covenant of warranty and peaceful enjoyment is claimed on the ground of unpaid taxes at the time of the conveyance, the complaint, if it does not allege an eviction or a judgment that the tax was a lien, fails to state a cause of action.
    Appeal from an interlocutory judgment, sustaining the demurrer to the complaint.
    
      Ralph Slone, for pl’ff; George W. Cothran, for deft.
   Hatch, J.

The allegations of the complaint are, in substance,

that one Zieman and wife made and executed their certain bond and mortgage upon premises described for securing the payment of $940.12, and delivered the same to defendant; that on the same date defendant conveyed to said Zieman and wife, by deed of warranty, with covenant of quiet and peaceful possession, the premises described in the mortgage; that said mortgage and deed were duly recorded; that thereafter defendant, for a good consideration, assigned said mortgage to the plaintiff, and covenanted therein that there was due thereon $940.12, with interest; that at the time of the making and delivery of the said deed the premises were not free from incumbrance, but were subject to certain outstanding taxes, duly assessed, charged, and levied upon the premises by the city of Buffalo and the officers thereof in the sum of $137.65, which tax was due and unpaid, and at the time of the delivery of the deed was a lien and incumbrance upon the premises; that by reason thereof the said Zieman was obliged to and did pay the sum of $143.16 in extinguishing the lien of said taxes upon said premises, said premises having been sold therefor, and that said sum of money so paid is an offset against said mortgage in the hands of the plaintiff ; that an action was brought in the superior court of Buffalo to foreclose said mortgage, wherein this plaintiff was plaintiff and said Zieman and wife and another were defendants; that issue was joined therein, and the action tried before the court without a jury, and the court decided that the plaintiff was entitled to a judgment of foreclosure and sale of the premises for the amount due upon the bond and mortgage, less the sum of $143.16, and interest thereon; demands judgment for . said last-named sum, with interest and costs. There is nothing set out in the complaint showing any covenant in the deed against incumbrances. Plaintiff’s claim, therefore, rests upon a claimed breach of the covenant of warranty and peaceful enjoyment. But there can be no breach of such covenant without an eviction, or by the establishment of facts showing paramount title. Mead v. Stackpole, 40 Hun, 473: Boreel v. Lawton, 99 N. Y. 293. There is nothing appearing in the complaint to show that his possession was for a moment disturbed, or that a paramount title in fact existed, and consequently there was no breach of the covenant. There is no allegation that any judgment was ever entered adjudicating that the taxes were a lien upon the premises, or that any judgment whatever was entered in the foreclosure action. The decision of a court upon issues which never passed into judgment cannot avail the party. As this court is unable to see what the issue was presented by the pleadings, or if the pleadings were admissible for that purpose, or any other purpose, it would still be in the dark respecting what the court adjudicated. The judgment roll is essential and necessary to establish such facts. Forsyth v. Campbell, 15 Hun, 235; Baker v. Kingsland, 10 Paige, 366; Lansing v. Russell, 3 Barb. Ch. 325. The pleading, therefore, fails in the statement of a cause of action.1 Judgment should be directed sustaining the demurrer, with costs, with leave to the plaintiff to serve an amended complaint within twenty days on payment of costs.

All concur.  