
    E. Clemens Horst Company, Respondent, v. Eugene D. Stocker, Appellant.
    Third Department,
    November 10, 1909.
    Pleading — law and equity — prayer for relief considered — complaint stating equitable suit for accounting—reference denied.
    While the character of an action is not to be determined by the prayer for relief, it may be considered in connection with the rest of the pleading.
    A complaint in an action brought by a principal against its agent sets forth a suit in equity rather than an action at law where it alleges that the defendant agreed to act as sales agent for goods shipped to him by the plaintiff, and to purchase and ship to the plaintiff certain merchandise on commission, which agreement the defendant broke in various ways and refused to render an account of his transactions on demand, and, without asking specific damages, merely prays that the defendant be compelled to render an account of his transactions as agent.
    Where in answer to such complaint the agent, while admitting the contract, denies his breach thereof, and alleges that there has been a complete settlement between the parties and that the plaintiff is not entitled to sue by reason of the fact that it is a foreign corporation not authorized to do business in this State, an order of reference should not be granted, for if the defendant succeed on the issues raised by him, the trial will not involve the examination of a long account.
    Appeal by the defendant, Eugene D. Stocker, from an order of the Supreme Court, made at the Broome Special Term and entered in the office of the clerk of the county of Otsego on the 9th day of August, 1909, appointing a referee to hear and determine the issues herein.
    
      
      Louis E. Walrath, for the appellant.
    
      Shearman & Sterling [Frederic N. Gilbert of counsel], for the respondent.
   Chester, J.:

The respondent insists that the order of reference was properly made because there is a long account involved between the parties and that no difficult issues of law are presented by the pleadings. It also insists that the action is one at law and not in equity, and, therefore, that all the issues must be tried together. If the action is at law the complaint has been very inaptly framed to show that. From the plaintiff’s point of view the action is one the ultimate purpose of which is to recover damages for the alleged breach of contract, yet as I read the complaint the action is in equity and must be governed by the rules applying to such actions. In the complaint it is alleged that the defendant agreed to act as agent for the plaintiff, which is a foreign corporation, in the sale of Pacific coast hops to be shipped to him by the plaintiff, and also in purchasing for the plaintiff and shipping to it at its office in London, England, from time to time as the same were ordered by the plaintiff, Hew York State hops of the crop of 1907, for which the plaintiff agreed to pay the defendant a commission of one cent per pound upon all the Pacific coast hops sold by the defendant to brewers and one-half cent per pound for all other hops sold to others, and that upon all Hew York State hops purchased by him for the plaintiff he should receive a commission of one-half cent per pound. The plaintiff alleges that the defendant broke the agreement in various ways. It is also alleged that the plaintiff has demanded of the defendant a complete account of all the dealings and transactions between them, and that the defendant had rendered an account to the plaintiff, but the same does not cover all his transactions and is incorrect in many respects. There is no claim in the complaint for the recovery of any specific amount of damages.

The prayer for relief is as follows:

“ I. That an accounting be had between the plaintiff and the defendant of all the transactions aforesaid, • and that, upon such accounting, the defendant be required to render to the plaintiff an accounting stating the number of bales of Hew York State hops purchased by him and shipped to the plaintiff, the dates of such purchases, the names of the persons from whom he purchased the same, the cost thereof, and the commissions charged the plaintiff thereon ; the number of bales of Pacific Coast hops shipped by the defendant to the plaintiff and the dates on which such shipments were made; the various amounts which the defendant withdrew from the account in the said Bank as the cost price of the various shipments of hops made by him to the plaintiff and the dates on which such amounts were withdrawn ; the sales made by the defendant of the Pacific Coast hops shipped to him by the plaintiff; the dates of such sales; the persons to whom such sales were made ; the number of bales sold and the prices obtained thereof and the commissions charged the plaintiff thereon.
“ II. That on such accounting the defendant be charged with all the moneys paid by the plaintiff to the defendant for the said Pacific Coast hops, and the said Hew York State hops-which were not of the grade and quality ordered by the plaintiff, with all the sums of money which the plaintiff was compelled to pay upon such hops for freight, insurance, storage, cartage and other charges, with the losses which the plaintiff sustained on its said contracts with its English customers, and with the difference between the amounts the defendant remitted to the plaintiff as the selling price of the Pacific Coast hops sold by the defendant in the United States and Canada, and the actual selling price of said hops, less the commissions to which the plaintiff was entitled; and that the defendant be credited with the amounts the plaintiff received from the sale of the Pacific Coast hops and the said Hew York State hops which were of a grade and quality inferior to the grade and quality ordered by the plaintiff, which the plaintiff sold in London, England, as aforesaid.”

While the character of the action is not to be determined by the prayer for relief, yet, to determine that, it may be considered in connection with the balance of the pleading. This complaint as an entirety is framed to state a cause of action in equity for a discovery and an accounting, and no cause of action at law is alleged. In the answer the defendant admits the agreement to purchase and sell hops for the plaintiff; denies all the alleged breaches of the contract; alleges that the Pacific coast hops shipped to the plaintiff were shipped at its request and were accepted by it, and that there has been a complete accounting and settlement between the parties. There is a further defense that the plaintiff is a foreign corporation doing business in the State of New York without having complied with the statutes permitting foreign corporations to do business in the State.

If I am correct in my construction of this complaint and in my view that it states a cause of action in equity, the order of reference was improperly made, for the reason that if the defendant succeeds on the issues raised by him, the trial will not involve the examina, tian of any account. In the recent case of Wynkoop v. Wynkoop (119 App. Div. 679) Presiding Justice Smith stated the rule applicable to cases of this character as follows: “ The defendant alleged the full adjustment and settlement of the accounts between the parties and an agreed balance arrived at between them. If this allegation be proven, then there is no occasion for an accounting and until the trial of this issue and its determination the court cannot say that a long accounting is involved, or that the plaintiff is entitled to a reference.” This is a restatement of the rule applicable in equity cases which has been held by many authorities. (Camp v. Ingersoll, 86 N. Y. 433; London v. Meryash, 132 App. Div. 323; Gibson v. Widman, 106 id. 388; Weldon v. Brown, 84 id. 482; Jones v. Lester, 77 id. 174; Kirkwood v. Smith, 72 id. 429; Knox v. Gleason, 63 id. 99; Hilton v. Hughes, 5 id. 226.)

The order appealed from should be reversed, with ten dollars costs and disbursements, and the motion denied, with ten dollars costs.

All concurred; Smith, P. J., in result.

Order reversed, with ten dollars costs and disbursements, and motion denied, with ten dollars costs. 
      
       Sic.
     