
    Lazarus Belfer, Respondent, v. Morgiana Ludlow, Appellant, Impleaded with William W. Holt and Others, Defendants.
    Second Department,
    February 17, 1911.
    Execution — issuance within twenty years from docketing judgment — section 376 of the Code of Civil Procedure construed.
    A judgment creditor is first entitled to issue an execution at the moment when the judgment roll is filed and the judgment docketed.
    A judgment creditor should upon proper application be permitted to issue an execution on a judgment of a court of record at any time within twenty years from the date of the docketing, although owing to the negligence of the county clerk, the judgment was not docketed until over three years after it was entered.
    The limitation prescribed by section 376 of the Code of Civil Procedure does not begin to run until the judgment is docketed.
    Appeal by the defendant, Morgiana Ludlow, from an order of the Supreme.Court, made at the Kings County Special Term and entered in the office of the clerk of the county of Kings on the 16th day of November, 1910, permitting the plaintiff to issue an execution upon a judgment.
    
      
      Frank L. Holt, for the appellant.
    
      Francis A. McCloskey, for the respondent.
   Thomas, J.:

The plaintiff, pursuant to a contract with Ludlow, appellant, and another, furnished material for the erection of houses, fled a lien thereon, brought action for personal judgment against Ludlow and such other person and to foreclose the lien, and on May 28, 1890, recovered judgment against Ludlow for $809.08, and for execution thereon and for sale of the premises, which judgment was entered June 2, 1890. An appeal, taken by one Ryan, did not involve the personal judgment against Ludlow, and the plaintiff was entitled to have such judgment docketed against her on the day of its entry. It was not docketed until December 28,1893. Within twenty years after the date of such docketing the plaintiff obtained an order for leave to issue execution on such judgment. This execution ordered is based on the personal judgment. Hence a judgment for deficiency is not in question.

The order should be affirmed, for the sufficient reason that twenty years had not expired prior thereto from the date of .docketing the judgment. Section 376 of the Code of Civil Procedure states that “ A final judgment or decree for a sum of money, or directing the payment of a sum of money, heretofore rendered in a surrogate’s court of the State, or heretofore or hereafter rendered, in a court of record within the United States, or elsewhere, or hereafter docketed pursuant to the provisions of section thirty hundred and seventeen of this act, is presumed to be paid and satisfied, after the expiration of twenty years from the time when the party recovering it was first entitled to a mandate to enforce it.” The judgment creditor is first entitled to execution at “ the moment when the judgment roll is filed and the judgment is docketed ” (Aultman & Taylor Co. v. Syrne, 163 N. Y. 54, 61; De Agreda v. Mantel, 1 Abb. Pr. 130, 135 ; Kupfer v. Frank, 30 Hun, 74; Dunham v. Reilly, 110 N. Y. 371), unless there is a stay of execution. (Harris v. Elliott, 163 N. Y. 269, 274.) Section 1365 provides that an execution against property can be issued only to a county, in the clerk’s office of which the judgment is docketed.” In the opinion in Dunham v. ReiUy (supra) it is said: “ The power to issue the process is given where in some county there is the prescribed docket, and only in that event. The language seems to involve both an authority and a prohibition ; an authority where the judgment is docketed in any county to issue the execution to that county; and a prohibition, couched in the word only ’ against any such issue to a county in whose clerk’s office there is no such docket.” It is the duty of the clerk to docket the judgment (Code Civ. Proc. § 1246; Harris v. Elliott, supra), and if he omits to 'do so as soon as practicable,” he is liable as stated in section 1248. In the case at bar he delayed from June 3, 1890, to December 28, 1893. Assume that plaintiff unnecessarily caused the delay pending the appeal. The fact remains that it was the clerk’s duty to obey the statute, and until he did docket it the execution could not issue. It is true that on the day the judgment roll was filed the plaintiff was entitled to a mandate, but his right was conditioned upon the docketing of the judgment. There must be a fixed starting point from which the twenty years shall run., It cannot be left to proof of the judgment creditor’s directions concerning it. This would bring up an issue not contemplated by the statute. Certainty of date is essential for purposes of computation. The statute might have provided that the date should be that of filing the judgment roll. It did not. It did so in the case of judgments in Justices’ Courts (§ 382) docketed (§ 382) pursuant to section 3017. So a judgment may become a lien on land for ten years after the date of filing the judgment roll only upon docketing (§ 1251). Such provisions fix the initial date as that of the filing of the judgment roll, or the rendering of the judgment. Section 376 by its words necessarily refers such date to the date of docketing. The Code fixes a procedure, and it is not within the power of the court to disturb it, and adjudge that the twenty years begin to run from the filing of the judgment roll in the absence of proper docket. The statute is plain, and should not be construed as if it were ambiguous. The order should be affirmed, with ten dollars costs and disbursements.

Jenks, P. J., Hirschberg, Carr and Rich, JJ., concurred.

Order affirmed, with ten dollars costs and disbursements.  