
    William F. Brenner, Plaintiff, v. Archibald L. Lawrence et al., Defendants.
    (Supreme Court, New York Trial Term,
    June, 1899.)
    Bills and notes — Bankers liable as makers on a check drawn On them by their cashier.
    Where indebted bankers direct their cashier to draw a check to the order of their creditor, and the cashier in accordance with the custom of bankers, draws a check upon them, and signs it in his own name as cashier, his act is their act, and they are liable to the creditor as makers.
    Action on bank check alleged to have been made by defendants.
    
      McElhinney & Martin, for plaintiff. '
    N. B. Levensoh, for defendants.
   McAdam, J.

The defendants conducted a banking-house under thé name of “ Lawrence & Simonds.” They were indebted to the plaintiff in the sum of $425, and plaintiff calling upon them for the money, they instructed their cashier to make out a check in favor of the plaintiff for the amount due. The cashier, according to the custom of bankers, drew a check upon his principals, signing it “H. M. Moore, Cashier.” The defendants .failed shortly after-wards, so that the check was not paid, and the action is against the defendants as drawers of the check to recover the amount due. The act of Moore, according to the plain intention of the parties, was the act of the defendants, done in their business, by their' direction, for their benefit, and bound them as effectually as if the check had been signed by the defendants themselves. Elwell v. Dodge, 33 Barb. 336; Bank of New York v. Muskingum Branch Bank, 29 N. Y. 619; Lockwood v. Coley, 22 Fed. Repr. 192; Melledge v. Boston Iron Co., 59 Mass. 158; Houghton v. First Nat. Bank, 26 Wis. 663. Whether in the hands of a. bona fide third person, having no knowledge of the .facts, the signing by Moore would hold him individually (the word “ cashier ” being' regarded merely as descriptio personae) is a question that need not be considered, for the plaintiff, who had the transaction, sues upon, it, and he knew that Moore was a mere agent, performing an act in the line'of Ms duty for his employers, the defendants, for their benefit and on their account; and it is for this reason that the act is in law theirs —not his. The verdict in favor of the plaintiff was properly directed, and the motion for a new trial must be. denied.

Ordered accordingly.  