
    Benjamin F. Gerding, Resp’t, v, John B. Haskin et al., App’lts. 
    
    
      (Court of Appeals,
    
    
      Filed March 13, 1894).
    
    1. Brokers—Commissions.
    The broker is not entitled to compensation so long as there is an uncertainty in respect to the name of the proposed purchaser.
    2. Trial—Nonsuit—Grounds.
    Where no grounds are specified, the motion for a nonsuit is sufficient if it is apparent that the objection, made to plaintiff’s recovery, could not have been obviated if it had been particularly specified.
    
      Appeal from, judgment of the general term of the superior ■court of the city of New York, entered upon'an order made January 4, 1893, which affirmed a judgment in favor of plaintiff entered upon a verdict and also affirmed on order denying a motion for a new trial.
    This action was brought by the plaintiff to recover his compensation as a broker under the employment of the defendants to find for them a purchaser of their real estate situated in the city of New York.
    Defendants put in issue the material allegations of the complaint. Upon the trial plaintiff gave evidence tending to show his employment, the amount of his compensation and what he claimed to be performance of his contract. As to the performance, the only evidence for the plaintiff was that of himself and one Lewis. He testified that after his employment he went to Has-kin’s house and told him that he had a buyer for the property at his price, $110,000, and asked him how much he required to be paid on the contract; that Haskin replied, $25,000 on the delivery of the deed, $5,000 on the signing of the contract; and the next day he again went to Haskin’s house with Lewis and introduced Lewis to him and told him “he was the gentleman, who represented the buyers ; that Mr. Haskin said ‘all right,’ and wanted to know the names of the buyers,” and he gave him the names and he entered them in a memorandum book; that Mr. Lewis then told Haskin that he had $250 in his pocket and took it out, which.he said he would pay to him and take a receipt, and that any time he named he would draw the contract and pay him the balance of the $5,000, the deed to be delivered on the first of November ; that Mr. Haskin expressed satisfaction with the persons named as buyers ; that no one was present but himself and Lewis and Haskin, and that in this interview with Haskin he named eight persons as proposed purchasers of the real estate. It appears by his cross-examination that he was required to give a bill of particulars in this action, and that one of the persons named to Haskin as a buyer was not named in the bill of particulars, and that another one who was not named to Haskin was specified in the bill of particulars. Lewis testified that at the interview mentioned he told Haskin lie had a “syndicate which were willing to pay the $110,-000,” and that he “had $250 in cash and took the money out and offered it to him to pay a deposit and take his receipt for the same,” which Haskin, for reasons stated, declined then to take; that Haskin asked him “who the syndicate was that “ I gave him some of the names of the syndicate that we had at that time ; I don’t think the syndicate was full when I went there,” and then he gave the names of the persons who had then joined the syndicate, one of whom, at least, was not among the names mentioned by the plaintiff in his evidence. He testified further: “When I heard that the property was for sale we started in to form a syndicate to purchase it, and I got these gentlemen together, part of them, not all of them, on a Saturday evening in our office, and submitted the offer of $110,000 ; at least, submitted the price of $110,000 for the property. There was nothing paid in. Each one assented to subscribe for one share. They authorized me to go to Haskin and offer him $110,000 for the property, and to pay him $250 on the contract, or on the purchase of the property, and if Mr. Haskin wished any more money to call on Mr. Martin Walter and he would supply it. I was to draw on Mr. Walter for the $5,000.” He also testified that he was a member of the syndicate that he furnished the $250 which was offered to Haskin, and that no one else put up any money, and the list of proposed purchasers testified to by him differed materially from the list of names specified as purchasers by the plaintiff.
    The defendants, testifying on their own behalf, denied the employment, the agreement for compensation and the performance of the contract by the plaintiff.
    At the close of the plaintiff’s evidence the defendants moved to dismiss the complaint, specifying no grounds, and their motion was denied. At the close - of all the evidence on both sides they again moved for the dismissal of the complaint and for the direction of a verdict in their favor, specifying no grounds for their motions, and the motions were denied.
    The evidence was then submitted to the jury and they found for the plaintiff, and from the judgment in his favor the defendants appealed to the general term and to this court.
    
      Isaac E. Maynard & Abel Crook, for app’lts; C. Bainbridge Smith, for resp’t.
    
      
       Reversing 49 St. Rep. 626.
    
   Earl, J.

Before a real estate broker can recover his compensation, he is bound to prove that he found a purchaser and produced him to his principal, ready and willing to purchase the real estate upon his terms. Rapalje on Real Estate Bro. § 72; Coleman v. Garrigues, 18 Barb. 60; Martin v. Bliss, 57 Hun, 159; 32 St. Rep. 930; Wylie v. Marine Nat. Bank, 61 N. Y. 416.

It is conténded on behalf of the defendants, that the plaintiff utterly failed to show that he produced any purchaser to the defendants, ready and willing to enter into contract with them. They were entitled to know who the proposed purchasers were, and with whom they were expected to enter into contract; and so long as there was uncertainty as to the purchasers, the plaintiff could not claim performance of his contract and demand his compensation.

Now, from the evidence furnished by the plaintiff, who can say who were the purchasers ? It is impossible to say from his evidence. Although he furnished certain names to Haskin as the purchasers, yet when he came to furnish his bill of particulars he omitted one of those names and inserted another. The names of the members of the purchasing syndicate as given by Lewis differed materially from those given by the plaintiff to Haskin at the time of the interview with him: and Lewis testified that the syndicate was not full; and, therefore, the persons who were to make the purchase were not then known. He was then forming a syndicate for the purchase of the property, and he got a portion of the persons he named together in his office, and each one of them consented to subscribe for one share. But it does not appear what proportion of the property or of the purchase price constituted one share. The whole matter seems to have been incomplete, nebulous and uncertain. Neither the plaintiff nor Lewis knew who the purchasers were really to be, and they did not produce them to Haslcin or name to them who they were. Before the syndicate of purchasers was fully formed the defendants sold the real estate to another person, and that ended their relations with the plaintiff. Sussdorf v. Schmidt, 55 N. Y. 319; Wylie v. Marine Nat. Bank, 61 id. 415; Sibbald v. Bethlehem Iron Co., 83 id. 378.

Therefore, without examining other objections to the plaintiff's recovery, we think he utterly failed to show that he had performed his contract, and hence he should have been nonsuited at the trial.

It is now claimed, however, that the motions for a dismissal of the complaint and the direction of a verdict were ineffectual, and are not now available to the defendants because no grounds for the motion were stated. A motion to direct a verdict for the defendant is in substance a motion for a nonsuit, and must be governed by the same rules. Bissel v. Campbell, 54 N. Y. 335. It is undoubtedly the general rule that a motion for a non-suit is ineffectual unless the grounds upon which it is based are specified. The defect in the plaintiff’s case should be pointed out, so that he may supply it if he can. Booth v. Bunce, 31 N. Y. 246; Binsse v. Wood, 37 id. 525; Thayer v. Marsh, 75 id. 340; Sterrett v. Third Natl. Bank of Buffalo, 122 id. 659; 34 St. Rep. 241; Quinlan v. Welch, 141 N. Y. 458; 56 St. Rep. 680. So much is required by good faith and fair practice, and so much is due to the orderly administration of justice. But where no grounds are specified for a non-suit, the motion is sufficient if it be apparent that the objection made to the plaintiff’s recovery could not have been obviated if it had been particularly specified. To such a case the rule does not apply, as the plaintiff suffers no harm and is not misled because the grounds were not particularly brought to his attention or to the attention of the court. In a case like this, we think, the motion to nonsuit without specifying grounds should be held effectual. The plaintiff was a witness on his own behalf, and we must assume that he gave all the evidence he could. He assumed to state the whole transaction between himself and Haslcin, and we cannot assume that if the ground for a nonsuit now relied upon had been stated he could have changed- his evidence, Lewis seems to have been the principal mover in forming the syndicate of purchasers, and he testified fully about that matter and about the interview which took place with Haslcin. He said that the syndicate was not complete; that really all the purchasers were not known at the time of the only interview had with Haslcin. It cannot be assumed that his evidence could have been fuller, more certain or more favorable to the plaintiff. We cannot, therefore, see how the plaintiff could honestly, fairly or truthfully have made any better case for a recovery if his attention had been called to the ground for a nonsuit now relied upon.

Therefore, as the plaintiff wholly failed to show performance of the contract on his part within the rules of law applicable to such a case, he should have been nonsuited; and the judgment must, therefore, be reversed, and a new trial granted, costs to abide event.

All concur.

Judgment reversed.  