
    The People of the State of New York, Respondent, v. Frank J. Campbell, Appellant.
    
      Piano playing in a liquor saloon—it does not require a. conceH license in the city of New York.
    
    Piano playing during the evening in the balcony oí a room licensed only to be used as a liquor saloon, in which is an unused stage, no admission fee being charged, does not constitute a misdemeanor within the meaning of section 1472 of the charter of the city of New York (Laws of 1897, chap. 378), requiring a license for an exhibition, interlude, minstrelsy, “ or any other entertainment of the stage.”
    . Appeal by the defendant, Frank J. Campbell, from a judgment of the Court of Special Sessions of the Peace in and for the city and county of New York in favor of the plaintiff, rendered on the 14th day of March, 1900, convicting him of the misdemeanor of violating sections 1472 and 1483 of the charter of the city of New York.
    
      P. A. Hargous, for the appellant.
    
      Charles E. Le Barbier, for the respondent.
   Ingraham, J.:

To sustain this conviction it must appear that the defendant violated section 1472 of the charter of the city of New York (Laws of 1897, chap. 378), which provides: “ It shall not be lawful to exhibit to the public in any building, garden or grounds, concert room or other place or room within The City of Hew York any interlude,tragedy, comedy, opera, ballet, play, farce, minstrelsy or dancing, or any other entertainment of the stage, or any part or parts therein, * * * until a license for the place of such exhibition for such purpose shall have been first had and obtained, as hereinafter provided.” It appears that the defendant was t(ie proprietor of a liquor saloon and had paid the tax which authorized him to sell liquor, but had no concert license. The premises upon which this business was carried on consisted of a large room, in which there had been constructed a stage, with smaller-rooms,adjoining. The room was carpeted and furnished with tables, at which his customers were served.' There is no evidence that any performance had ever been given upon the stage or that the stage was at all in use, the place being conducted simply as a saloon. On a balcony about 100 feet from- the stage, but which was not visible from the floor, there was a- piano upon which a musician was performing. Ho admission fee was charged and no performance was given, except that during the evening pieces of music were performed upon this piano. ■ The police officer who made the arrest testified that he went' into the premises, sat down 'at a table and bought a glass of beer; that the premises consisted of one large room with a bar in the corner leading into the street; that he heard music being played in the balcony; that he went upstairs and there found two men playing the piano. Thus the only evidence to show that this section of the charter was violated was that, during the time that the witness purchased a glass of beer, there was music upon the premises. The question is whether this was an exhibition, interlude, minstrelsy or any other entertainment of the stage. I think it clear that it was not. In the case of Mayor v. Eden Musée American Co. (102 N. Y. 596) the Court of Appeals, in construing a section of the Consolidation Act (Laws of 1882, chap. 110), which was substantially like the section of the charter in question, said : Taking the statutp in all its terms, it evidently meant to include all classes of public exhibitions, such as are usually conducted upon a stage for the observation and amusement of the public.” It seems that the performance upon this piano was not an exhibition within the meaning of this definition, which evidently related to the classes of public exhibitions usually conducted or produced upon a stage at which the public attend for the purpose of seeing the exhibition and not to a case where music is performed as a mere incident to any business,, where no admission fee is charged and where in fact there is no exhibition. Taking for instance the case of a hotel or any other business where incidentally music is performed to attract customers or entertain them while upon the premises, it would seem to be quite clear that that ivas not an exhibition -of minstrelsy or other entertainment of the stage. While it may in some cases be somewhat difficult to define precisely what is an enteiv tainment of the stage within the meaning of this section of the charter, I do not think that the fact that during the transaction of business a proprietor of an establishment has a person to play upon the piano as an incident to his business constitutes a violation of the statute.

It follows that the conviction must be reversed, and, as the defendant was guilty of no offense, he should be discharged.

Patterson, Bumsey, McLaughlin and Hatch, JJ., concurred.

Judgment reversed" and defendant discharged.  