
    UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Danny Joseph FABRICANT, Defendant-Appellant.
    Nos. 13-50526, 14-50428, 15-50032.
    United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit.
    Submitted Nov. 18, 2015.
    
    Filed Nov. 23, 2015.
    Jean-Claude Andre, Assistant U.S., April Anita Christine, Esquire, Assistant U.S., Office of the U.S. Attorney, Los An-geles, CA, for Plaintiff-Appellee.
    Danny Joseph Fabricant, Tucson, AZ, pro se.
    Before: TASHIMA, OWENS, and FRIEDLAND, Circuit Judges.
    
      
       The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision without oral argument. See Fed. R.App. P. 34(a)(2).
    
   MEMORANDUM

In these companion appeals, Danny Joseph Fabricant appeals pro se from various district court orders. We have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291, and we affirm.

In Appeal No. 13-50526, Fabricant contends that the district court erred by declining to file his ex parte application for an order declaring 21 U.S.C. § 851 unconstitutional under Alleyne v. United States, — U.S.-, 133 S.Ct. 2151, 186 L.Ed.2d 314 (2013). We affirm because, even if Fabricant is correct that his application should have been filed and considered on the merits, he is not entitled to relief. See id. at 2160 n. 1 (declining to revisit the holding of Almendarez-Torres v. United States, 523 U.S. 224, 118 S.Ct. 1219, 140 L.Ed.2d 350 (1998), that a prior conviction is not an element of the offense that must be proven to a jury).

In Appeal No. 14-50428, Fabricant contends that the district court erred by denying his application for DNA testing pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 3600. We review de novo. See United States v. Watson, 792 F.3d 1174, 1177 (9th Cir.2015). The district court' properly denied the application because Fabricant did not identity a theory of defense that would prove his actual innocence. See 18 U.S.C. § 3600(a)(6); Watson, 792 F.3d at 1179 (proposed testing must be capable of showing a probability of guilt “so low that actual innocence would be the only sensible explanation”).

Finally, in Appeal No. 15-50032, Fabri-cant challenges the district court’s order denying his application for an order requiring that (1) the government and the district court stamp his mail as “LEGAL MAIL — OPEN ONLY IN PRESENCE OF INMATE,” and (2) the warden maintain a log for prison mailroom staff to sign upon receipt of Fabricant’s outgoing legal mail. Because Fabricant’s claim lacks merit, the district court properly denied relief. See Indep. Training & Apprenticeship Program v. California Dep’t of Indus. Relations, 730 F.3d 1024, 1032 (9th Cir. 2013).

Appeal Nos. 13-50526, 14-50428 & 15-50032: AFFIRMED. 
      
       This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent except as provided by 9 th Cir. R. 36-3.
     