
    (89 Hun, 32.)
    In re THOMPSON, Commissioner of Public Works.
    (Supreme Court, General Term, Second Department.
    July 26, 1895.)
    Eminent Domain—Deed of Land after Entry—Eight of'Grantee to Award.
    Under Laws 1883, c. 490, the city of New York acquired an easement in land for an aqueduct on the filing of the oath of the commissioners of appraisal. The landowner afterwards conveyed the land to a second mortgagee by quitclaim deed, without reservation of his claim against the city for damages, and the grantee satisfied his mortgage, and paid the first. Held, that the grantee was entitled to damages for the absorption of a spring by the aqueduct, and that it was error to award the same to the administrators of the former owner.
    Appeal from special term.
    Petition by Hubert O. Thompson, commissioner of public works in the city of New York, for the appointment of commissioners of appraisers pursuant to Laws 1883, c. 490. From an order directing payment of the award to the landowner, petitioner appeals. Reversed.
    Argued before BROWN, P. J., and PRATT, J.
    Francis Larkin, for appellant.
    James B. Lockwood, for respondents.
   BROWN, P. J.

It is unnecessary to consider the question discussed by the appellant relating to the practice pursued in this proceeding. We assume that the final order confirming the report of the commissioners has been set aside so far as to permit the court to consider and determine the rights of the parties to the award in question. Chapter 490, Laws 1883, as amended by chapter 419, Laws 1888,—the act under which the award was made,—required claimants to present their claims to the commissioners within four years from the time the commissioners filed their oath of office. The oath of the commissioners was filed October 25, 1884. At that date the farm across which the aqueduct was to be constructed was owned by Nathan Culver, subject to two mortgages, one held by the Sing Sing Savings Bank for $1,199.50, and one by appellee Hiram Farrington for $3,500. The title to the property described in the petition vested in the city by force of the statute aforesaid upon the filing of the oath of the commissioners of appraisal. The city did not acquire a fee to the land, but, as appears from the commissioners’ report, took a perpetual easement therein; and the land described in the petition consisted of a narrow strip running across the farm. The aqueduct was constructed about 200 feet below the surface of the ground, and there was no shaft upon the farm. On April 9,1885, Culver conveyed the farm to Farrington by quitclaim deed. This conveyance was made to prevent a foreclosure of the mortgage held by Farrington, and may be assumed to have been in payment thereof. "No reservation was made of any claim against the city. In September, 1885, Farrington filed a satisfaction of the mortgage held by him, and in May, 1889, the savings bank mortgage was satisfied on the record. In November, 1888, Culver died. The construction of the tunnel for the aqueduct was commenced in 1885, and work begun on the farm in question in the year 1886. It appears from the papers before us that Culver and Farrington both made claims for compensation before the commissioners. Culver’s appears to have been made prior to June, 1885. It was for about $100, and was confined solely to damages done to the surface of the farm by the city’s engineers and surveyors while he was the owner. Farrington’s claim was made in 1886, and was for the destruction of springs of water upon the farm. These springs appeared upon the surface of the farm, some distance from the land taken by the city, and the evidence permitted the conclusion that the construction of the tunnel intercepted underground the flow of water thereto. In August, 1891, the commissioners made their re-port, in which they awarded $100 to Culver for damages to the farm while he was the owner, and $1,844 to Farrington for damages sustained by him. This latter sum has, by the order appealed from, been awarded to Culver’s administrators on the ground that the title to any claim against the city arising from the construction of the aqueduct vested in Culver upon the filing of the oath of the commissioners of appraisal, and that by the subsequent satisfaction of Farrington’s mortgage his lien thereon was released, and his right thereto destroyed. We see no just ground to direct the payment of the awrard in question to the respondent. When the title to the land vested in the city, the right to any award to be made for injury to the farm was subject to the lien of the two mortgages then outstanding thereon. Farrington held the second mortgage, and was equitably entitled, if he did not receive the award himself, to have it applied to the payment of the mortgage held by the savings bank. While Culver owned the farm, he was interested in having as large an award made as possible, as its payment to the mortgagee would inure to his benefit by the reduction of his indebtedness. When he conveyed the farm to Farrington in payment of Farrington’s mortgage, his interest in the prosecution of the claim against the city ceased, unless such claim was reserved to him. There is nothing in the case tending to show that it was reserved to him. It is hardly probable that Farrington, who had been compelled to take a conveyance of the farm in payment of his mortgage, would have surrendered his right to a substantial claim against the city. We cannot, at all events, infer that he did so, in the absence of all evidence on the subject. The deed for the farm reserved nothing to Culver, and it described the whole farm. Although without covenants, we think that, as title to a part of the land described had passed to the city, it was the intention of the parties that the claim against the city, whatever it might be, stood in place of the land conveyed, and passed by assignment to Farrington on delivery of the deed. The subsequent acts of the parties justify this conclusion. Culver never asserted any claim before the commissioners for damages for the taking of the land, or for injury to the farm. He confined his claim to injuries inflicted to the trees and fences by the surveyors while he was owner and in possession, and; his failure to assert any other claim is quite significant as to his understanding of the efffect of the conveyance to Farrington. On. the other hand, as soon as the injury to the springs appeared, Farrington asserted his right to such damages. Culver was then alive, and his son was a tenant on the iarm. While the iorm of injury was probably one not foreseen by either party, Culver never saw fit to claim for it or to question Farrington’s right to it. While it is true that the legal right to destroy the spring passed to the city with the acquisition of the title to the easement, and the legal title to the claim for compensation thereto vested in Culver, still we are of the opinion that, inasmuch as Culver’s title was subject to the lien of the mortgages, the rights of the parties are to be determined by equitable consideration, rather than by the application of strict rules of law; and, giving effect to the contemporary act of the parties with reference to this claim, we can find nothing to indicate that it was the intention of either party that the claim against the city was to be reserved to Culver. The tendency of all the testimony tends to the conclusion that it was to pass to Farrington in payment of his mortgage. The filing in the register’s office by Farrington of a satisfaction of the mortgage is not a fact of any significance. That was not done for Culver’s benefit. Farrington’s title as mortgagee had become merged in that under the deed. The mortgage was extinguished, and the debt paid. The execution and filing of the certificate of satisfaction was intended only to discharge an apparent, but not a real, incumbrance on the land. It has no relevancy to the question before the court. The respondents have no just claim to the award, and the order appealed from must be reversed, with costs, and the award directed to be paid to the appellant.  