
    Wilcox et al. v. Dodge.
    
      (Supreme Court, General Term, First Department.
    
    July 9, 1889.)
    1. Depositions—Settlement of Interrogatories.
    Counsel has no right to have questions clearly improper allowed on settlement of interrogatories because of the theatrical effect which will be produced upon the jury by hearing the questions, notwithstanding they must necessarily be excluded at the trial.
    2. Same—Transactions with Deceased.
    It is not sufficient ground for disallowing questions on settlement of interrogatories that the evidence called for is within the inhibition of Code Civil Proc. N. Y. § 829, relating to evidence of personal transactions with a deceased person, etc., inasmuch as something may occur at the trial to render the evidence admissible, or it may not then be objected to.
    Appeal from special term, Mew York county.
    Defendant, Charles G. Dodge, appeals from an order disallowing and striking out certain interrogatories upon the settlement of questions for a proposed deposition.
    Argued before Van Brunt, P. J., and Brady and Barrett, JJ.
    
      JR. F. Clark, for appellant. H. P. Wilds, for respondents.
   Van Brunt, P. J.

Upon a commission for the examination of one of the defendants upon his own behalf were proposed certain interrogatories, to be annexed to the commission, and, objection having been taken to such interrogatories upon the settlement'thereof, principally upon the ground that they should not be asked, under section 829 of the Code, the court made an order disallowing and striking out interrogatories, and consequently certain erossinterrogatories, and from such order this appeal is taken.

The rule which is to govern in the settlement of interrogatories shows very distinctly that there is a great difference between the allowance of an interrogatory on the preliminary settlement thereof and the admission of the answers to tile same in evidence upon the trial. Uline v. Railroad Co., 79 M. Y. 175. In this case it is said that, although the judge in settling interrogatories to be annexed to a commission is required to allow “any question pertinent to the issue,” he lias authority to disallow questions not pertinent to the issue, and hence to determine whether the proposed question is pertinent or not, but that this power should be sparingly exercised, as he cannot always foresee precisely what evidence the exigencies of the trial might render proper. He must also allow all pertinent questions, although a judge sitting at the trial might in his discretion exclude them.

One of the main grounds upon which the appellant founds his appeal is that he has a right, for the purpose of the theatrical effect to be produced upon the jury, to ask questions which he knows must necessarily be excluded at the time at which he puts them. This affords no ground whatever for reversing the ruling which was made in the court below in respect tp these interrogatories. The court is not obliged to go through the idle form of allowing interrogatories to be put when it is absolutely certain that the evidence thus elicited by the interrogatories can never be introduced upon the trial.

But there is a substantial reason why it would appear that the ruling of the court was erroneous. In the first place, it is not at all certain that upon the trial the objection that the evidence comes within section 829 of the Code will be made, or, if made, that it must necessarily be sustained. The witness is a competent witness, and his evidence can be excluded only upon objection being taken that the case comes within the purview of section 829. And there are circumstances where, during the progress of the trial, the party seeking to avail himself of section 829 may be precluded from the benefit of the protection granted by this section because of the introduction of evidence upon his own part. Yow, it is impossible for the court to say whether during the progress of the trial such circumstances may not arise as will authorize the defendant to introduce this evidence. Such being the fact, although it may appear that such evidence cannot be admitted if the objection is taken under section 829, yet it is not absolutely certain but that it may become competent in consequence of something that takes place upon the trial. Under these circumstances, therefore, there seems to be no reason for anticipating that which may or may not happen upon the trial. Yo harm can possibly be done by allowing the defendant to put these interrogatories, and, if the proper objections are raised upon the trial, the judge presiding can afford ample protection to the plaintiffs. We think, therefore, that the interrogatories should not have been stricken out, but should have been allowed, subject to legal objections to be taken at the trial. The order should be reversed, with $10 costs and disbursements, and the interrogatories and cross-interrogatories allowed, subject to all legal objections to be taken upon the trial. All concur. 
      
       Relating to evidence of personal transactions with a deceased person, etc.
     