
    Joseph Halsch, Respondent, v. J. B. & J. M. Cornell Company, Appellant.
    (Supreme Court, Appellate Term,
    February, 1906.)
    Negligence — Actions — Evidence — Weight and sufficiency—Persons causing injury. '
    Where, upon the trial of an action for personal injuries alleged to have been caused by some object dropped or thrown by defendant’s servants through an opening in the upper floors of an unfinished building, it appears that they had been working on one of the floors above, around the opening where the accident happened, and when, a half hour before, some rubbish fell through the opening, one of them said something that might have been intended as a jocular remark and not as an admission that he had caused it to fall; and where it appears that during the day rubbish had fallen from floors above the one that defendant’s men were working on and that workmen other than defendant’s had been engaged in removing rubbish from the upper floors and defendant’s workmen positively denied that they had dropped any object through the opening and the character of the object which struck plaintiff is not shown, the plaintiff has failed to show by a fair preponderance of evidence that the object which struck him was dropped or thrown by a servant of the defendant and has failed to establish a cause of action.
    Appeal by the defendant from a judgment of the Municipal Court of the city of New York, second district, borough of Manhattan, rendered in favor of the plaintiff.
    Lemuel Skidmore, for appellant.
    Frank A. Acer, for respondent.
   Greenbaum, J.

The burden was upon the plaintiff "to show, by a fair preponderance of evidence, that the object which struck and injured him was dropped or thrown by the servant or servants of the defendant.

The only fact that connects defendant’s servants with the occurrence is that two of them were working on one of the floors above, around the opening where the accident happened, and that, about half an hour before the occurrence, when some rubbish fell through the opening, one of defendant’s workmen, in response to the remonstrance by plaintiff : “ What are you doing there ? Why don’t you let a fellow know when you are throwing anything down,” answered: “ It is about time we got a chance at you.”

The trial justice put the defendant to its proof and it appeared that pieces of rubbish had fallen through the opening in question during the day of the accident, from floors above the one that defendant’s men were working on, and that the workmen employed on these upper floors were employees of plaintiff’s employees and were removing pieces of terra cotta and other rubbish preparatory to the laying of flooring. That workmen, not employed by defendant, were engaged in removing rubbish on the upper floors was admitted by the plaintiff and his witnesses.

Defendant’s workmen positively denied that at any time they dropped any object, or permitted anything to fall, through the opening; and it is consistent with the facts, that the remark made by one of the defendant’s workmen when some rubbish had previously fallen was jocular and not intended as an admission that he was to blame for it.

Be that as it may, however, neither the plaintiff nor his witnesses knew what it was that struck him. There is also a complete and absolute absence of identity of the character of the thing that caused the injury and whether it was stone, terra cotta, wood or metal would be idle conjecture. The plaintiff’s men were engaged upon iron work, and they positively asserted that they were not using any tools in ■connection with their work at the time of the. accident and that the only articles of small bulk that they were then using were bolts and nuts, which were affixed with the hand, and that none of these had been dropped.

There is thus a total lack of proof as to the identity of the object that struck the plaintiff, and no proof whatever that the object was seen to come from the floor upon which defendant’s workmen were working.

Added to this deficiency of proof, we have the established fact that men were engaged in upper floors removing debris and that rubbish had previously been dropped by them through the opening in question.

Under such conditions, plaintiff has failed to establish a case of negligence against the defendant. Wolf v. American Tract Society, 164 N. Y. 30.

The judgment must be reversed and a new trial ordered, with costs to appellant to abide the event.

Scott and Giegebich, JJ., concur.

Judgment reversed and new trial ordered, with costs to appellant to abide event.  