
    People v. Long Island R. Co.
    
      (Supreme Court, General Term,, Second Department.
    
    December 10,1890.)
    1. Railroad Companies—Highway Crossings—Indictment.
    Although Laws N. Y. 1884, c. 439, § 3, authorizing the supreme court, or county-judge, to order that a flagman be stationed, or gates erected, at the crossing of a street, highway, etc., by a railroad, prescribes no penalty for disobedience of such order, an indictment may be maintained against a railroad company neglecting to comply therewith, under Pen. Code N. Y. § 154, declaring every willful omission to perform a duty enjoined bylaw upon any public officer, or upon any person holding a public trust or employment, where no special provision is made for the punishment of such delinquency, punishable as a misdemeanor.
    3. Constitutional Law—Judicial Powers.
    The provision of Laws IT. Y. 1884, c. 439, § 3, authorizing the supreme court, or county judge, on application of the local authorities, and on notice to a railroad corporation whose road crosses a street, highway, etc., to order that a flagman be •stationed, or gates be erected, at such crossing, is not unconstitutional as a delegation of legislative power to the judges; its purpose being merely to provide a means to determine the necessity of a flagman or a gate at any particular place.
    Barnard, P. J., dissenting.
    Appeal from court of sessions, Suffolk county.
    Indictment against the Long Island Railroad Company for a misdemeanor. "From a judgment of conviction, defendant appeals.
    Argued before Barnard, P. J., and Dykman and Pratt, JJ.
    
      Hinsdale & Sprague, (E. B. Hinsdale, of counsel,) for appellant. Wilmot M. Smith, Dist. Atty., for respondent.
   Dykman, J.

“At any point where a street, highway, turnpike, plank-road, or traveled way is crossed at the same level by a railroad, or at any point where a horse railroad is crossed by a steam railroad, the supreme court, or county judge, may, upon the application of the local authorities, and upon ten days’ notice to the railroad corporation whose road so crosses, order that a flagman be stationed at such point, or that gates shall be erected across such street, highway, turnpike* or plank-road, and that a person be stationed to open and close such gates when an engine or train passes, or make such other order respecting the same as it deems proper. Such order shall only be made after the refusal or neglect of,such corporation to station such flagmen, or erect such gates, after having been requested so to do by such local authorities.” Chapter 439 of the Laws of 1884, § 3. The Long Island Railroad Company operates a portion of its railroad through the village of Sag Harbor, and under the statute above recited the county judge of Suffolk county, on the 10th day of January, 1887, made an order requiring the Long Island Railroad Company to immediately erect gates across the traveled roadway of Bridge street in that village, on the southerly side of the main track of the company, and also across the traveled roadway of Water street in the same village, and to station a person or persons, from May 1st to November 1st in each year, at or near such gates, to open and close the same when an engine or train passed or repassed. The gates were erected in obedience to such order, but upon complaint of neglect and omission to operate the same an indictment was found by the grand jury of Suffolk county against the company for a willful omission to station a person at or near such gates, to open and close them when engines and trains were passing. A trial was had under such indictment, and the company was convicted, and fined $500 for such offense. From that conviction, the company has appealed.

The indictment was based upon section 154 o£ the Penal Code, which is as-follows: “ Where any duty is or shall be enjoined bylaw upon any public-officer, or upon any person holding a public trust or employment, every willful omission to perform such duty, where no special provision shall have been-made for the punishment of such delinquency, is punishable as a misdemeanor.” The section of the law placed at the head of this opinion prescribes no penalty for disobedience of any order made by the county judge, and provides no method for its enforcement, and therefore, so far as any order is made in pursuance of its provisions imposing a duty upon any public; officer, or any person or corporation holding a public trust or employment, obedience thereto must be enforced under section 154 of the Penal Code.

Under such construction and application of the statutes, the indictment, charges an offense, and is sufficient to sustain the conviction. The great objection to section 3 of the Laws of-1884 is that it delegates legislative power to the judges, and is therefore unconstitutional. It is quite true that the-duty of posting flagmen and placing gates at railway crossings can only be-imposed by the legislature, but, as we understand the statute in question, it only provides a means to determine the necessity of a flagman or a gate at any particular place, and, when such necessity is found by the judge, the law requires their presence. In the same way, the legislature must authorize the location and construction of railroads, but there is a statute which prohibits the construction of a railroad upon and along any highway without the order of the supreme court, (Laws 1864, c. 582;) but it has never been supposed that any legislative power was delegated to the court by that statute. Such-laws are only designed to provide for a judicial determination of the cases in which legislative enactments shall have operation; or in other words, to determine the necessity for such operation. In relation to the indictment and the testimony, we find both sufficient to sustain the conviction, which should be affirmed.

Pratt, J., concurs. Barnard, P. J., dissents.  