
    Motel Sternberg, Appellant, v. Louis Schein, Respondent.
    
      Action for conversion—it does not lie for an m'tiele, sold on the installment plan, •which has been stolen.
    
    Where chattels sold on the installment plan, under an agreement that the title shall not pass until all payments are made, are stolen from the vendee before any default has occurred in the payment of the installments, proof of a subsequent default and of a demand and refusal to deliver does not establish a conversion.
    Appeal by the plaintiff, Motel Sternberg, from a judgment of the Municipal Court of the city of New York, borough of Brooklyn, in favor of the defendant, rendered on the 15th day of February, 1901, dismissing the complaint upon the merits.
    
      Abraham B. Schleimer, for the appellant.
    No appearance for the respondent.
   Hirsohberg, J.:

The decision rendered by the Municipal Court justice was fully justified on the law and facts. The action was for conversion of a gold watch and chain, which the plaintiff claims to have sold to the defendant on the installment plan, under an agreement that title should not pass until all payments were made. The defendant pleaded general denial and res adjudieata. The defense of res adjudieata appears to relate to prior litigations between the parties about a similar conditional sale of a watch and chain, resulting in a judgment in plaintiff’s favor, the effect of which he avoided by testifying that he sold two watches and chains to the defendant at • about the same time. This the defendant denied, but the evidence of a former adjudication was unquestionably insufficient to support the judgment appealed from.

The defendant,, however, did testify that the watch and chain were stolen from him while he was in attendance at the Thalia Theatre. The circumstances of the theft are not disclosed. The plaintiff demanded a return of the property upon default in the payment of the installments, and the controversy on this branch of the case hinges upon the question whether the demand preceded the theft. On this question the evidence of each party is. obscure, but the weight inclines in favor of the defendant. He says the theft, occurred in June, after the Jewish Easter. The plaintiff says the demand was made before the Hebrew holidays.” He was testifying on February fifteenth, and stated that the occurrence was three or four months ago.” He "does not state that it was before the Passover, as claimed by the learned counsel in his brief, and the inference is that the allusion is to the holidays in the fall. *

Giving to both stories full credence, which is as favorable á view as either litigant is- entitled to, it would seem that the watch and chain were stolen from the defendant before the plaintiff made demand for their return. The defendant claims to have immediately informed • the plaintiff of the fact that they were stolen.. Hnder those circumstances the plaintiff failed to establish his case by the requisite preponderance of evidence, and we should not disturb the finding on the merits in defendant’s favor. The rule of law controlling the case is settled by the decision of the Court of.' Appeals in Salt Springs National Bank v. Wheeler (48 N. Y. 492) in which casé it was held that a demand and refusal to deliver do. not establish a conversion, where, at the time of the demand, the property in question is not in existence, and that the accidental loss, or destruction of an article by one lawfully in its possession, is not-a" conversion. In that case the conversion Was alleged of certain bills of exchange, and the defendant defeated the action on the allegation that he could not find them, and that they might have been burned Up among some papers of no value. The court held that the action of conversion could not be sustained, and remitted the plaintiff to. the plain and obvious remedy of an action against the defendant for a breach of contract.” See, also, McMorris v. Simpson (21 Wend. 610), where it was held that an omission of duty, m caring for the -property, so that it is lost in consequence of the neglect, will not support an action for conversion. To the like effect are Packard v. Getman (4 Wend. 613), and Hawkins v. Hoffman (6 Hill, 586).

The judgment should be affirmed.

All concurred.

Judgment of the Municipal Court affirmed, with costs. ;,  