
    Edward E. Haskell, Respondent, v. Fay Templeton Osborn, Appellant.
    Attachment— the necessary facts cannot be established by hearsay — if the dannages be unliquidated, the facts establishing them must be set out — measure of dunnages in an action for the breach of a contract for personal services—what allegation of damage is insufficient. ...
    An attachment issued on the ground that the defendant, being a resident of the State of New York, has kept herself concealed with intent to defraud her creditors and to avoid service of the summons in the action, is not sustained by au affidavit averring that certain persons, not parties to the action, have made certain statements to the affiant, as the facts which it is necessary to establish in such a case must be proven by legal evidence
    
      ■In an action brought to recover unliquidated damages, the amount of which depends upon the facts of the case, it is necessary for the plaintiff to set out the facts which he claims establish his damages, in order that the court may determine whether he has evidence of damages, and whether his allegations in respect thereto are mere matter of speculation.
    
      Semble, that, in an action to recover damages for a breach of contract for personal service in a play, the measure of such damage is represented by the amount required to be paid to supply the place of the party pending the contract ; and where the affidavits contain no evidence of efforts made to procure a proper substitute, or of the superior attractions of the defendant, an allegation that, owing to inability, arising from the shortness of the notice, to procure a proper substitute, the play was produced at a loss, is not sufficient.
    Appeal by the defendant, Eay Templeton Osborn, from an order of the Supreme Court, made at the New York Special Term and entered in the office of the clerk of the county of New York o'n the 8th day of June, 1898, denying her motion to vacate a warrant of attachment issued against her.
    This action was brought, as appears by the moving affidavits, to recover $26,617.92 as damages resulting from a breach of contract on the part of the defendant to perform in the play or coihic opera known as “Excelsior” for the sum of $275 per week.
    
      A. H. Hummel, for the appellant.
    
      E. W. Tyler, for the respondent.
   Van Brunt, P. J.:

The attachment in question was issued upon the ground that the defendant, being a resident of the city of New York, had kept herself concealed with intent to avoid her creditors and to avoid service of a summons herein. There is- no evidence whatever that the defendant Avas keeping herself concealed for any purpose. .The affidavits relating to the.subject are simply a rehearsal of statements alleged to have been made by some person, of Avhich or of Avhom the defendant was not sIioavu to have any knowledge whatever. There is no evidence' Avliatever to show that the defendant Avas in the city at the times referred to. An affidavit' averring that certain persons not parties to the action" have made certain statements to the affiant does not make such statements evidence. If the affiant was a witness and-examined orally, the retailing of the statements of third parties would be clearly incompetent, and the fact that the evidence is to be set forth by affidavits does not change the rules as to competency. The facts necessary to be established must be proven by legal evidence, and hearsay statements are not such evidence. In the case at bar the concealment of the defendant is sought to be established entirely by such statements.

We think also that the proof of damage is entirely insufficient. There are no facts set up in the affidavits upon which the attachment was granted from which the court can judge what amount, if any, of damages have been sustained by the plaintiff. In an action upon contract for the payment of a sum certain, it appears from the contract itself what the damages will be. In an action, however, for unliquidated damages, it depends upon the facts of the case as to whether the plaintiff has sustained merely nominal or real damages. A cause of action may be completely set forth where only nominal damages can be recovered, and, therefore, in an affidavit upon which to found an application for an attachment where the damages are unliquidated, it is necessary for the plaintiff to set out the facts which he claims prove his damages, in order that the court may judge as to whether he has evidence of damages, and that his allegations of damage are not mere matter of speculation.

The allegations in respect to expenditures of moneys in preparation for the production of the play, even if such elements of damage can be considered, contain no evidence whatever of the amount of the expenditures or their character. Théy aré the mere conclusion of the affiant and do not aver any facts from Vvhich the court can judge as to what amount was thus expended.

Furthermore, it would seem that the plaintiff was also seeking to recover problematical profits in addition to 'the cost of the-adventure. There is no such rule of damage in respect to contracts, for personal service. The damage for the breach of such a contract is the amount required to be paid to supply the place of the party pending the contract. It is true that there is an allegation that, owing to inability at such short notice to procure a proper substitute, the-play was produced at a loss, but the affidavits contain no evidence of effort to procure a proper substitute or of the superior attractions, of the defendant.

There are other defects in the affidavits upon which the attachment in question was procured, but enough has been presented.to show that, unless the mere assertion of the party as to damage is to be held sufficient, no case is made out in the case at bar establishing any such damage as is claimed by the plaintiff in this action.

The order -appealed from should be reversed, with ten dollars costs and disbursements, and the motion granted, with ten dollars costs.'

Barrett, Rumsey, Ingraham and McLaughlin, JJ., concurred.

Order reversed, with ten dollars costs and disbursements, and motion granted, with ten dollars costs.  