
    CONDITIONAL SALES — STATUTES.
    [Franklin Circuit Court,
    January Term, 1897.]
    Shearer, C. J., and Summers and Wilson, JJ.
    Remington & Son v. The Central Press Association Co.
    .1. Dutt and Power os Courts in the Interpretation- of Statutes.
    In the construction of statutes, courts are authorized, in order to ascertain the intention of the legislature, to transpose the language of an act; and it is their duty in the interpretation of statutes, unless restrained by the letter, to adopt that view which will avoid absurd eonseauenees, injustice, or great inconvenience, as none of these can be presumed to have been within the legislative intent.
    2. Statutes Construed.
    Conditional sales — Section 7913-72 Revised Statutes, construed.
    Appeal from the Court of Common Pleas of Franklin county.
    The plaintiff brought suit in the court below against The Central Press Association Company and others to enforce certain judgment and chattel mortgage liens against the property of said company.
    Subsequenty Parsons & Company, the owners of a judgment against said company, were made parties defendant to said aetion, and filed an answer and cross-petition, praying that said chattel mortgage be declared void as having been made with the intent to hinder, delay and defraud the creditors of said company, and published the notice provided for in section 6344 of the Revised Statutes. Thereupon, R. Hoe & Company, creditors of the said The Central Press Association Company came in, gave security for their pro rata share of the costs and expenses of the aetion, and filed an answer and cross-petition setting up a claim against said company for a balance due upon the purchase price of a certain printing press and fixtures, sold and delivered by them to said company, under a written eontraet, which provided, among other things, that the title to the said press and fixtures should remain in R. Hoe & Co., until the whole of said purchase price should be paid. It was further alleged in their answer that on the first day of September, A. D. 1888, at three o’clock, P. M., said R. Hoe & Co. filed with the recorder of Franklin county a copy of the contract for the sale of said press, etc., signed by one Wendell, who was the president of said, The Central Press Association Company, containing the condition that the title to said property should remain in the said R. Hoe & Co. until full payment for said property should be made, together with a statement, under oath, by the attorney of said R. Hoe & Co. of the amount of their claim, with an affidavit that the same was a true copy of said contract of sale, in accordance with the statute in such eases made and provided. Prayer for the sale of said property and the application of the proceeds to the satisfaction of their claim.
    Annexed to said pleading is a copy of said contract the affidavit to which reads as follows:
    “State of Ohio, Franklin county, ss:
    “James Watson, being sworn, says he is the attorney of the within named R. Hoe & Co., duly authorized in the premises; that the within is a true copy of the contract of sale by the said R. Hoe & Co., to the within named Ferd. J. Wendell, of the within described machine and appliances; that the said R. Hoe & Co. have a valid and subsisting debt and elaim under said contract against said Ferd. J. Wendell, amounting to the sum of six thousand ($6,000) dollars, with interest thereon from the twenty-fourth day of August, 1888, at the rate of six per cent, per annum.
    (Signed), “James WatsoN.
    “Sworn to before me and subscribed in my presence by the said James Watson, this first day of September, 1888.
    (Signed), “William T. McCluRE, (seal.)
    “Notary Public.”
    The validity of said lien was put in issue by the plaintiff and other creditors; and issues were made up generally in the cause, which was referred to a master commissioner to take the testimony and report his findings of fact and conclusions of law to the court.
    Upon the incoming of his report, which, among other things, was in favor of the claim of said R. Hoe & Co., exceptions were filed thereto by divers other creditors, all of which were sustained. Whereupon, R. Hoe & Co. perfected a separate appeal to this court, and the cause is submitted to us upon the testimony taken in the court below.
   Shearer, C. J.

The validity of the lien of R. Hoe & Co., there being no dispute as to the facts, must be determined by the construction of section 7913-72, of the Revised Statutes, which provides:

‘ ‘ Section 1. That in all cases where any personal property shall be sold to any person, to be paid for, in whole or in part, in installments, * # * on condition that the same shall belong to the person purchasing * * # the same, whenever the amount paid shall be * * * the value of such property, the title to the same shall remain in the vendor * * * of the same, until the value of such property * * * shall have been paid, such condition, in regard to the title so remaining until such payment, shall be void, as to all subsequent purchasers and mortgagees in good faith, and creditors, unless such condition shall be evidenced by writing, signed by the purchasers * * * of the same, and also a statement thereon, under oath, made by the person so selling * * * any property as herein provided, his agent or attorney, of the amount of the claim, or a true copy thereof, with an affidavit that the same is a copy, deposited with the clerk of the township where the person signing the instrument resides at the time of the execution thereof, if a resident of the state, and if not such resident, then with the clerk of the township in which such property * * * is situated at the time of the execution of the instrument; but when the person executing the instrument is a resident of a township in which the office of county recorder is kept, or when he is a non-resident of the state and the property is within such township, the instrument shall be filed with the county recorder),” etc.

The court below held this statute to require the seller, in order to preserve his title to the property against subsequent purchasers, lien-holders or creditors, to deposit with the proper officer, either the original writing evidencing the “condition” and the original verified statement indorsed upon it, or to deposit a true copy of the original writing, statement and affidavit, verified as such. But the absurd and inconvenient consequences of such a construction raises a doubt that the legislature intended any such requirement. In such cases resort must be had to those rules of construction, and that construction of the statute adopted, which will obviate these consequences.

Undoubtedly, under the statute, the original “condition,” with a statement of the claim under oath, may be deposited and the rights of the vendor secured; but we are unable to see any reason for the verification of the copy which the court below regarded as indispensable. The meaning of the statute under consideration is not so clear and unmistakable that we feel bound to say ita lex scripta est, and that the only remedy is by appeal to the legislature to remove the unreasonable requirements of the law by amendment. The general object of the statute is we think sufficiently manifest, namely, the prevention of fraud and the protection of creditors and bona fide purchasers of personal property; and by the application of well known rules of construction the enactment can be made clear, reasonable and just, the intention of the general assembly ascertained, and the object of the law effectuated.

In the construction of a statute like this, courts are authorized, in order to ascertain the intention of the legislature, to transpose the language of the aet; and it is their duty, in the interpretation of statutes, unless restrained' by the letter, to adopt that view which will avoid absurd consequences, injustice or great inconvenience, as none of these can be presumed to have been within the legislative intent. Moore v. Given, 39 Ohio St., 661.

Watson,-Burr & Livesay, for R. Hoe & Co.

F. F. D. Albery, for Parsons & Co.

J. T. Holmes, for the Watertown Paper Co.

In the case of the State ex rel. v. The Z. & M. Turnpike Co., 16 Ohio St., 308, 319, the supreme court, in construing the act under consideration in that case, transferred the last clause of section two of the act, to and made it the concluding clause of the first section.

So where a section of an act referred to a previous section 13, which made nonsense, but would carry out the law had it referred to section 14, it was read as referring to section 14. Collier v. Johnson, 7 Ohio R. pt., 1, 235, 237; and see, also Lucky v. Brandon, 1 Ohio, 49, 59; Kent v. Bierce, 6 Ohio, 336, 349; also Endlich on the Interpretation of Statutes, section 316 and notes; Bank v. Brown, 11 O. C. C. R., 77, 80.

And so in the case at bar, if we transpose the following language of the section, viz.: “or a true copy thereof with an affidavit that the same is a copy,” so that it will follow the words, “unless such condition shall be evidenced by writing signed by the purchaser, lessor, renter, hirer, or receiver of the same, ’ ’ the law is made clear and conforms to what must have been the legislative intent.

The provision of the section under consideration as to what shall render such “condition” void, would then read: “Such condition In regard to the title so remaining until such payment, shall be void as to all subsequent purchasers and mortgagees in good faith; and creditors, unless such condition shall be evidenced by writing signed by the purchaser, lessor, renter, hirer, or receiver of the same, or a true copy thereof, with an affidavit that the same is a copy and also a statement thereon, under oath, made by the person so selling, leasing or delivering any property, as herein provided, his agent or attorney, of the amount of the claim, and deposited with the clerk of the township,” etc., thus render-' ing the statute reasonable and just, and relieving it of the absurd requirement, certainly not intended, that where a copy is filed it must contain a copy of the affidavit attached to the original, with an affidavit that the paper filed is, not only a copy of the condition, but of the affidavit thereto as well.

"What object could there be in requiring an affidavit to be attached to the original, when only a copy of the contract is filed? Who would be benefited or protected, or what possible purpose could be subserved, by appending an affidavit to a paper which is not placed on record or on file in any public office, but is consigned to the oblivion of the creditor’s pigeon-holes ?

We think the instrument filed by R. Hoe & Co. was in conformity to the true intent and meaning of the statute, and is valid.

Judgment accordingly.  