
    
      The Commonwealth v. Christian Kearns.
    Criminal Law—Indictment—Sufficiency—Misnomer.*— Special verdict found the prisoner guilty of transferring a certificate of debt of the Commonwealth, purporting to he signed by two auditors of public accounts, knowing it to be forged; ¿/parol proof of the official appointment of the auditors was sufficient, and if the misspelling of the Christian name of one of the auditors in the indictment was not material. Held, that the law was for the defendant.
    
      
      Criminai Law—Indictment—Sufficiency—Misnomer. —See monographic note on “Indictments, Informations and Presentments" appended to Boyle v. Com., 14 Gratt. 674.
    
   The prisoner was indicted at the district court of Winchester, in April, 1793. The indictment consisted of two counts. The first count charged that he did feloniously forge, and counterfeit, and feloniously did aid and assist in forging and counterfeiting, a certain certificate, purporting to be a certificate issued February 8, 1782, by Bowling Starke, and John Boush, for the payment of money (which said Bowling Starke and John Boush, were then auditors of public accounts authorized to issue such certificates) for and on behalf of the said commonwealth, to a certain Thomas Scott, and to entitle him to claim from the commonwealth 50/. specie in part for two years pay and subsistence on account as a captain in the Virginia line on continental establishment, payable 1st January, 1785, with six per cent, interest, agreeably to an act of assembly, passed November 1781, and to be given under the hands of the said Bowling Starke and John Boush, on the said 8th February, 1782, and to be subscribed by the said Bowling Starke and John Boush, with their names ; it then sets forth the certificate in hsec verba; with intention to defraud and impoverish the commonwealth, contra form : stat: &c.

'*The second count is as follows t “And the jurors aforesaid, upon their oath aforesaid, do further present, that the said Christian Kearns afterwards, viz. on the said 13th November, 1792, with force and arms, at the said parish and county of Berkeley in the said district, and within the jurisdiction of this court, feloniously did transfer a certain other false, forged, and counterfeited certificate, purporting to be a certificate issued on the 8th day of February, 1782, by Bowling Starke and John Boush for the payment of money (they the said Bowling Starke and John Boush, then, to wit, on the day and year last mentioned, being, and long before having been, auditors of public accounts for the said commonwealth, and authorized and directed by the legislature of the said commonwealth, to settle the claims of certain officers and soldiers, and to issue such a certificate or certificates, for and on behalf of the said commonwealth) to a certain Thomas Scott, and purporting that the said Thomas Scott is entitled to claim from the said commonwealth the sum of 50/. specie, in part for two years pay and subsistence on account as a captain of infantry in the Virginia line and continental establishment, payable the 1st day of January, in the year 1785, with an interest thereon, at the rate of six per cent, per annum, agreeable to an act of the general assembly, passed in the November session, in the year of our Ford 1781, 111 and to be given under *the hands of the said Bowling Starke and John Boush, on the said 8th February, 1782, and to be subscribed by the said Bowling Starke and John Boush, with the names of them the said Bowling Starke and John Boush, which said last mentioned false, forged, and counterfeited certificate for the payment of money was and is in the number, words, letters, and figures, following, to wit:

5472.

“We the auditors of public accounts do hereby certify, that Thomas Scott, is entitled to the sum of fifty pounds specie, in part for twb years pay and subsistence on account as a captain of infantry, payable the first day of January, 1785, with an interest thereon, at the rate of six per cent, per annum, agreeable to an act of assembly passed the November session, 1781. Given under our hands, this 8th day of February, 1782.
31. int. B. Stark,
J. Boush.
with intention to defraud the said commonwealth, he the said Christian Kearns, at the time he so transferred the said last mentioned false, forged, and counterfeited certificate, for the payment of money as aforesaid, well knowing the same to be false, forged and counterfeited, against the form of an act of assembly, &c.”

After the prisoner had pleaded, on the motion of the attorney for the common-112 wealth, who informed the court *that the witnesses summoned for the commonwealth were not present, and could not be had at that term, the prisoner was remanded to jail, and the trial postponed till the succeeding court.

At the April term, 1794, the trial was had, and the jury found a verdict ■ as follows : “We of the jury find the prisoner Christian Kearns, guilty of transferring the certificate specified in the indictment, knowing it to be forged ; if the court shall be of opinion that parol proof of the appointment of Bolling Starke, and John Boush, to be auditors of the public accounts be sufficient, and that the variance between the name of Bolling Starke, heretofore one of the auditors of public accounts in this commonwealth, as proved by such parol testimony, and the name of Bowling Starke in the indictment mentioned as a person authorized to grant certificates for the payment of money in behalf of the commonwealth, is not material; otherwise we find him not guilty thereof; and we find him not guilty of the felony charged in the first count.”

The district court adjourned the question of law arising from the points reserved by the verdict, and the general court, on the 19th June, 1794, 'Judges Tucker, Henry, and Nelson, being present, decided “that the law is for the defendant.”  