
    Geo. W. Clapp, Master and Owners of Schooner Carrie Sanford v. T. W. Stanton & Co.
    Tlie proprietors of steam tow-boats (such as ply between New Orleans and the Gulf of Mexico) are common carriers, and responsible as such.
    By the contract for towing, tho captain of a tow-boat is bound to carry vossols safely to their destination, unless prevented by uncontrollable accidents, or such as are not within the control of human foresight or power. If the boat be so much undor the influence of the rudder of the ship, it is the duty of the master of the tow-boat to look to it. His undertaking is to tow the vessel in safety, and he has a right to assume all the authority necessary to effect that purpose. The command and care of the vessel towed should either be subject to his command whilst she is carried by his boat, or her rudder should be placed in the hands of one of his own men. We consider a vessel thus towed as property carried for hire, in which her crew should not bo viewed as having any lawful a ency.
    A PPEAL from -tlie Sixth District Court of New Orleans,
    
      Howell, J. Race c6 Foster, for appellants. Benjamin, Bradford S Finney, for appellees.
   Labauve, J.

Tlie plaintiffs claim of the defendants the sum of §805 55, for damages, alleged to have been sustained by the schooner Carrie Sanford, through the fault and negligence of the defendants, owners of the steam tow-boat Anglo Saxon.

The Anglo Saxon left the Bar on the 21st December, 1858, with two ships, made fast on each side, and two small vessels astern — the Oarrie Sanford and a Spanish barque, the Providencia. Tlie vessels astern were towod by hawsers, fifty or sixty fathoms in length, and made fast in the usual way, by the bits aft on tho tow-boat, the Carrie Sanford on tlie port sido and the Spanish barque on the starboard side. As the tow-boat and vessels were coming up, and rounding Poverty Point, tlie hawser of the Spanish barque parted, and the barque came into collision with tlie schooner Carrie Sanford, inflicting the damages complained of. The hawser which parted was a nine-inch hawser belonging to the barque, which was steered by its own men.

Charles Decker, the mate of the Carrie Sanford, testified that it is usual for tow-boats to take smaller vessels in tow astern ; the proper place for the barque was immediately astern of the ship ahead of her ; if she had been properly steered, there was no difficulty in her keeping her proper place ; there would be no danger for vessels in tow astern if they are properly managed.

Captain George Heaton testified that he had been connected with tow-age business since 1829, and that he never knew any person sent from the tow-boat on board vessels astern, to steer them ; they are always steered by their own men. That he considered there was no danger for any of the vessels astern, when properly steered, and there was no difficulty in steering them properly.

The whole testimony goes to show that the Spanish barque was improperly steered, and that it was in consequence of this bad management that her hawser parted, and that she came in collision with the Carrie Sanford, and caused the damages complained of.

As to the tow-boat Anglo Saxon, she was properly managed, and the accident happened through the neglect and fault of the man who steered the Spanish barque, and not by an uncontrollable event — force majeure.

The question now arises, are the defendants responsible for the neglect and fault of the Spanish barque ?

The proprietors of steam tow-boats (such as ply between New Orleans and the Gulf of Mexico) are common carriers, and responsible as such. Cicero Davis v. Nimrod Howsen et als. 6 Rob. 255. Smith v. Price, 1 La. Rep. 354. Green et al. v. Crace et al. 18 An.

The owners of the tow-boat Anglo Saxon, being regarded as common carriers, were bound to tow the Carrie Sanford in safety, and the man steering the Spanish barque became their agent for the time being, the said Spanish barque being considered under the control and management of the captain of the said tow-boat, Anglo Saxon.

In the case cited (Smith v. Price, 1 La. 354), this Court, speaking of the captain of a tow-boat, said :

“By the contract for towing, he is bound to carry vessels safely to their destination, unless prevented by uncontrollable accidents, or such as are not within the control of human foresight or power. If the boat be so much under the influence of the rudder of the ship, it is the duty of the master of the tow-boat to look to it. His undertaking is to tow the vessel in safety, and ho has a right to assume all the authority necessary to effect that purpose. The command and care of the vessel towed should either be subject to his command whilst she is carried by his boat, or her rudder should be placed in the hands of one of his own men. We consider a vessel thus towed as property carried for hire, in which her crew should not be viewed as having any lawful agency.”

We are of opinion that the defendants are liable.

We now come to the question of damages.

Tlio bills of expenses for the repairs, amounting to $305 55, have been received in evidence, and are not disputed ; the demurrage of the boat during eleven days is not contested, but the estimate put by witnesses is different. After comparing the testimony, we have come to the conclusion that the fair value is $27 50 per day, making $302 50.

Our learned brother below gave judgment for defendants. We believe he erred.

It is therefore ordered and decreed, that the judgment appealed from be annulled and reversed.

It is further ordered and decreed, that the defendants pay, in solido, to the plaintiffs, the sum of six hundred and eight dollars and five cents, with legal interest from judicial demand, to wit: the 29th January, 1859, and costs of suit in both Courts.

Howeltj, J. recused.  