
    Charles A. Watson, as Receiver, etc., Respondent, v. D. Edmond Dealy, Defendant, Anna R. Hoefgen, Appellant.
    (Supreme Court, Appellate Term,
    July, 1899.)
    Chattel mortgage — Void as against mortgagor’s receiver — Delivery and change of possession.
    The immediate delivery, followed by an actual and continued change of possession of the things mortgaged, required by the Lien Law (Laws of 1897, chap. 418, § 90) to validate an unrecorded chattel mortgage as against the creditors of the mortgagor, etc., is not shown where it appears that, when the mortgage was executed, the mortgagee, who was boarding with the mortgagor, declared in another writing that she turned over and delivered the mortgaged chattels to the mortgagee, and subsequently allowed the latter to continue to use them in the conduct of her boarding-house.
    Such a chattel mortgage is void as against a receiver of the property of the mortgagor, appointed before the chattel mortgage was recorded.
    
      Appeal by the defendant Anna ft. Hoefgen from a judgment of the Municipal Court of the city of Hew York, eleventh district, borough of Manhattan, entered upon the direction of a verdict in •favor of the plaintiff.
    Edmund W. Powers, for appellant.
    Robert J. Mahon, for respondent.
   MacLean, J.

The plaintiff, as receiver of the property of one Mary S. Hewsey, a judgment debtor, brought this action to recover possession of certain chattels or household furniture of said judgment debtor, but to which the defendant made claim by virtue of a chattel mortgage executed in her favor by said debtor and by change of possession of the property mortgaged.

It appears by the record in this case that the plaintiff was, by an order of the City Court, appointed receiver on the 19th day of May, 1898, and that the chattel mortgage in favor of the defendant, though executed on the 14th day of February, 1898, was not recorded until after the twenty-first of May, and so was, by section 90 of chapter 418 of the Laws of 1897, void as against creditors unless accompanied by immediate delivery and followed by an actual change of possession. To establish her claim, the defendant introduced in evidence a writing, as of the date of the execution of the mortgage, and which she testified was signed and delivered therewith by the mortgagor, in which writing the mortgagor recited, among other things, that she therewith turned over to and delivered to Anna Hoefgen and consented that the sum named in the mortgage, but for which no date of payment had been given, should become due and payable on demand, and that the said Hoefgen should take and hold the mortgaged furniture under the said mortgage. The defendant also testified that this paper was delivered to her in the office where it was drawn up, and that, upon their return to the house of which Miss Hewsey was the landlady and the defendant apparently the chief boarder, she said to Miss Hewsey, “ This is all mine now, I am in possession and you may live here,” and took the keys of the house. But upon her cross-examination the defendant admitted that Miss Hewsey was using the furniture all the time after February fourteenth and ran the boarding-house there. Hpon her own testimony, then, she failed to show actual and continued change of possession.” Vide Steele v. Benham, 84 N. Y. 634. The judgment should be affirmed, with costs to the respondent.

Leventritt, J., concurs.

Freedman, P. J.

(concurring). Section 90 of chapter 418 of the Laws of 1897, so far as it applies to the case at bar, is a reenactment of section 1 of chapter 279 of the Laws of 1833.

It was held in Stephens v. Perrine, 143 N. Y. 476, that, whenever under the provisions of the section last mentioned a chattel mortgage is void as against creditors, it is void from the beginning and continues void at all times; that in such a case the same principle is applicable and enforcible, which applies and has been enforced in the case of a mortgage executed for the purpose of defrauding creditors, and that consequently the mortgagee cannot, as against a receiver appointed in proceedings supplemental to execution, acquire title to the mortgaged property by taking possession and selling the same under the mortgage and bidding it off on the sale, and this, although the mortgage was given in good faith to secure an actual indebtedness.

The principle of that case is sufficient to authorize the maintenance of the action as brought in the case at bar. That the mortgage in suit is void as against the plaintiff as receiver has been sufficiently shown by Hr. Justice HacLean.

For the foregoing reasons, I concur with him that the judgment must be affirmed, with costs.

Judgment affirmed, with costs to respondent.  