
    Matter of the Voluntary Dissolution of the Hoagland, Robinson Company.
    (Supreme Court, Kings Special Term,
    September, 1901.)
    ¡Receiver — Priority of appointment — Appointment when complete —• Code C. P., §§ 1784, 1785, 1788, 1793, 3355.
    A judgment creditor’s action to sequester the property of a corporation and a proceeding taken by its directors to procure a voluntary dissolution of it are of equal dignity.
    Where the court has duly appointed a' permanent receiver in the creditor’s action, a temporary receiver subsequently appointed in the dissolution proceeding, without notice to the creditor and apparently without knowledge in the court of the appointment of the permanent receiver, takes' no title to any of the property of the corporation.
    The directors have, however, a right to prosecute their proceeding, and, since there can be nothing for the temporary receiver to receive, the court considered it proper to vacate his appointment and appoint the permanent receiver as temporary receiver in the proceeding of the directors.
    The appointment of a receiver is complete when the order appointing him has been entered, and when he flies his bond, in order to take possession, it relates back to the time of his appointment.
    Application to vacate an order appointing a temporary receiver in a proceeding for the voluntary dissolution of the above-named corporation.
    
      Howard A. Sperry, for motion.
    Safford & Rogers, opposed.
   Hejrrick, J.

This is an application to vacate an order appointing one Henry Marshall temporary receiver in a proceeding for the voluntary dissolution of the above-named corporation.

It appears from the papers herein that on the 18th day of June, 1901, one William H. Barnes recovered judgments against the above-named corporation, one for the sum of ten hundred and sixty dollars and seventy-eight cents ($1060.78), and one for seventeen hundred and one dollars and ninety-eight cents ($1701.98). That thereafter he commenced proceedings upon said judgments to sequestrate the property of such corporation, and that such proceedings were had; that on the 8th day of August, 1901, a final judgment of sequestration of the stock, property real and personal, and all the effects of such corporation, and appointing a receiver thereof, was rendered at a Special Term of this' court, held in and for the county of Hew York. That the judgment so rende,red was entered in the office of the clerk of the county of Hew York on the 12th day of August, 1901, and the receiver thereby appointed filed his bond, duly approved as to its form and sufficiency, on the 14th day of August, 19'01.

These proceedings were taken pursuant to section 1784 of the Oode of Civil Procedure.

The board of directors of the Hoagland, Robinson Company consisted of three; two of such directors, each being the owner of a single share of stock — the full amount of stock of such corporation being 200 shares — filed a petition in the Supreme Court, sworn-to on the 2d day of August, 1901, praying for the voluntary dissolution of such corporation; the service of the petition was made on the 5th day of August, and a motion for an order to show cause and the appointment of a temporary receiver was heard and granted on the 18th day of August, 1901, at a Special Term of this court, held in the county of Kings, and Henry Marshall was,therein appointed temporary receiver of such corporation.

The moving papers for the order to show cause, and for' the appointment of a temporary receiver, did not show the recovery of judgments by William H. Barnes, or that any proceedings had been taken or were pending for the sequestration of the property of such corporation, or that any receiver thereof had been appointed. And there is nothing to show that the said William H. Barnes or his attorneys had any notice of such proceedings, and the order does not recite their appearance upon the hearing.

The order to show cause why there should not he a dissolution of such corporation is made returnable on the 11th day of November, 1901, in the county of Rockland. The order appointing such temporary receiver, signed August 14, 1901, was entered in the clerk’s office of the county of Rockland on the 15th day of August, 1901, and such receiver filed his bond, duly approved, on the 23d day of August, 1901.

The regularity of the sequestration proceeding in the action of William H. Barnes, and the jurisdiction of the court to appoint a. receiver therein is not questioned, but it is claimed that the proceedings for a voluntary dissolution take priority and precedence-over an action by a judgment creditor for the sequestration of the property of the corporation.

Each proceeding is provided for in the Code of Civil Procedure¿ each proceeding results in the appointment of a receiver who is to distribute the assets of the corporation among its, fair and honest creditors; it is expressly provided also that the distribution made by the receiver in the sequestration proceedings shall be “ In the order and in the proportions prescribed by law, in case of the voluntary dissolution of a corporation.” Code Civ. Pro., § 1793.

' One proceeding is of no higher character than the other; one is a proceeding brought by a creditor of the corporation, and the other by a debtor corporation, and the only practical distinction between them is, that one in terms provides for a final judgment dissolving the corporation and extinguishing its franchise, while the other does not.

The sections of the Code providing for each proceeding are taken from the former Revised Statutes, and for the purpose of determining their effect in relation to each other, they are deemed to have been enacted simultaneously. Code Civ. Pro., § 3355.

This case is not governed by the decision in Matter of Murray Hill Bank, 153 N. Y. 199.

In that case it was held that the proceedings commenced by the Attorney-General upon the application of the Superintendent of Banks took precedence over the proceedings commenced by the directors of the bank for a voluntary dissolution of such bank.. The proceedings commenced by the Attorney-General were based upon a special act applying to banking and kindred corporations, passed in 1892, while the proceedings commenced by the directors of the bank were based upon a general act passed in 1880, and it was held that so far as .such statute was inconsistent with the-earlier statute, the provisions of the later statute, were paramount; in addition to that, it appeared that by virtue of the later statute-the Superintendent of Banks had taken possession of the property of such -banking corporation prior to the commencement of the proceedings for a voluntary dissolution,- and that the, court had no-power to oust the superintendent of such possession through a receiver appointed in a proceeding independent of that instituted by the Attorney-General.

It will be seen from the foregoing statement of facts that the-judgment and order appointing a receiver in the sequestration action were both made, and entered, before the motion for the-order to show cause, and for the appointment of a temporary receiver, came on to be heard by the Special Term in Rings-county.

The jurisdiction of the court to appoint a receiver in the action-for sequestration, and the regularity of the proceedings in such action, both being unquestioned, the appointment of the receiver therein was valid.

The receiver when appointed became at once vested with all the-property and effects of the corporation. Osgood v. Maguire, 61 N. Y. 524, 528.

The appointment of the receiver was completed by the filing and entry of the order appointing him, although he could not take-actual possession of the property until he executed and filed his bond, when he did that his title related back to the time of his appointment. Matter of Christian Jensen Co., 128 N. Y. 550;: Matter of Schuyler S. T. B. Co., 136 id. 169.

The appointment of the receiver in the sequestration proceedings having been completed, the property which such appointment vests in him cannot be taken away from him by a subsequent order-of the court in anothér proceeding appointing another receiver.

“ The doctrine is firmly established that where the jurisdiction of a court, and the right of a plaintiff to prosecute suit in it, have-once attached, that right -cannot be arrested, or taken away by proceedings in another court, and that where property is actually in the possession of one court of competent jurisdiction such possession cannot be disturbed by process out of another court of concurrent jurisdiction.” Matter of Chetwood, 165 U. S. 443, 460.

The receiver first regularly appointed is therefore entitled to all the assets of the corporation.

But while the directors cannot by subsequently taking proceedings for a voluntary dissolution of their corporation, oust the receiver appointed in the sequestration action, still I do not think such action can prevent their procuring a dissolution of the corporation in the manner provided for by the statute; upon complying with its terms they have a right to have it dissolved and their responsibility therefor in every respect ended. The proceedings for a voluntary dissolution provide for the appointment of a temporary and a permanent receiver. Such provisions of the Code can be complied with by appointing the same person receiver, who has already been regularly appointed; he being entitled to all the assets of the corporation and bound to distribute them in the same manner that the law requires a receiver in proceedings for a voluntary dissolution to distribute the assets coming into his hands, it would be useless to appoint another receiver who can receive nothing, and whose appointment will almost inevitably result in an unseemly.controversy. The court will not knowingly do a vain or useless thing.

It would appear from these proceedings that the Special Term in Kings County was not, when it appointed Henry Marshall temporary receiver in the voluntary dissolution proceedings, advised of the fact that the Special Term of Hew York County had already appointed a permanent receiver of the same corporation; if it had been so advised, I assume that it would have appointed the same person temporary receiver in the proceedings then before it.

I am of the opinion, therefore, that the order of the Kings County Special Term, dated August 14, 1901, should be modified and amended by striking therefrom the name of Henry Marshall as temporary receiver. Let an order be entered accordingly.

The attorney for the petitioners in the proceedings for a voluntary dissolution may, if he so elect, enter an order appointing Ira G. Dorrin, the person appointed as receiver in the sequestration action, temporary receiver in the place and stead of Henry Marshall.

Ordered accordingly.  