
    Henry A. Hubbard, Respondent, v. Alva P. Blanchard, Appellant.
    Second Department,
    June 8, 1906.
    Taxes on property of another paid by mistake—liability of the owner— municipal corporations — local statute authorizing recovery repealed by- Greater New York' charter.
    One person cannot make himself the creditor of another by voluntarily paying his debt. Hence, -when one by mistake has paid h paving assessment on the property of-another he cannot recover the sum paid'from the owner of the property..
    Although section 13 of title 10 of .the charter , of the city of Brooklyn, .and section 878 of the Consolidation Act of the city of New York, when in-force allowed a recovery by a person who has paid the taxes of another from..the-person primarily liable,.said statutes were repealed by necessary implication on the enactment of the charter of Greater New York and do not now warrant a recovery of taxes subsequently paid by mistake! / -
    Hírbchbbrc-í, P. J., dissented. ' ■ *
    
      Appeal by the defendant, Alva P. Blanchard, from a judgment of the Supreme Court in favor of the plaintiff, entered in the office of the clerk of the county of Kings on the 4th day of June, 1904, ■ upon the verdict of a jury rendered by direction of the court after a trial at the Kings County Trial Term.
    
      Augustus M. Price, for the appellant.
    
      Edward H. M. Roehr [Ralph Royall with him on the brief], for the respondent.
   Miller, J.:

The plaintiff paid a paving assessment on the defendant’s premises, supposing the assessment was against adjoining property of his wife, and, after discovering his mistake, brought this action to recover the money so paid. It is well settled that-one person cannot make himself a creditor of another by voluntarily paying his debt. (National Bank of Ballston Spa v. Board of Supervisors, 106 N. Y. 488 ; Flynn v. Hurd, 118 id. 19.) It is unnecessary to discuss the authorities in tins State relied upon by the plaintiff, becatise they are all cases in which it was sought to recover from the person to whom the money was paid on the theory of mistake of fact, or where the rule of subrogation or contribution applied. The respondent, however, relies upon the provisions of two statutes, section 12 of title 10 of the charter of the city of Brooklyn (Laws of 1888, chap. 583) and section 878 of the Consolidation Act of the city, of New York (Laws of 1882, chap. 410), which respectively provide for the recovery by a person, who has paid taxes, etc., of another, from the - person primarily liable; and although the assessment in question was made in 1899, the respondent claims that said provisions of the Brooklyn charter and of the Consolidation Act are both applicable and have not been repealed. The Greater New York charter (Laws of 1897, chap. 378, as amd.) provided a new scheme for the assessment and collection of taxes differing from the'systems in force in the several municipalities consolidated into the greater city, at least so far as administrative features were concerned; and the" subject-matter was so completely and exhaustively dealt with by said charter as to leave no room for doubt that it was intended to furnish tile law upon the subject, and by necessary implication to repeal the .‘ provisions of the earlier charters dealing with the same subject.. It :'is unnecessary, therefore, to construe said . earlier provisions,, or. to ■‘discuss the .interesting question respecting the "extent, if -any;, in • which the provisions of earlier charters have survived the charter of . the greater city. . " ¡

The judgment must be reversed and a new trial granted, costs to abide the event.

Woodward, Jenks and Hooker, JJ., concurred ; Hirschberg, P. J., dissented.

.. Judgment reversed and new trial granted, costs to abide the event.  