
    In the Matter of Willard G. Stanton, an Attorney.
    First Department,
    April 3, 1914.
    Attorney and client — perjury committed by attorney on the trial of an ¿^action in which he was defendant — Judiciary Law, section 88, construed — duty of official referee.
    Under subdivision 2 of section 88 of the Judiciary Law, the disbarment of an attorney who has committed a crime is not dependent upon his conviction for the offense, as it is under subdivision 3, and when an attorney is charged with the commission of a crime it is the duty of the Appellate Division to investigate, and if the charge is proved disbar him. The fact that he has not been indicted or convicted is not a defense in proceedings of this character.
    Hence, where a charge of perjury committed by an attorney on the trial of an action in which he was the defendant has been referred to an official referee, and it does not appear that criminal proceedings have been instituted, or that the attorney asked to have the proceedings suspended pending the investigation of the crime, the referee should not report without giving the accused an opportunity to present his testimony.
    Charges of professional misconduct preferred by the Association of the Bar of the City of New York.
    
      Henry S. Hooker, for the petitioner.
    
      J. Quintus Cohen, for the respondent.
   Per Curiam:

The Association of the Bar of the City of New York presented charges that the respondent had committed perjury on the trial of an action in the Municipal Court of the City of New York, wherein he was the defendant, in the defense of that action. The respondent seems to have interposed an answer denying the charges. Whereupon this court referred the matter to one of the official referees “ to take testimony in regard to the said charges and to report the same with his opinion thereon to this court. ” The matter came on before the official referee to whom it had been referred, and the petitioner submitted testimony to prove the charges. Thereupon the official referee, without calling on the respondent to submit any testimony on his part, filed his report in which he said: It is conceded, however, that the perjury, if any, was not committed in his character as attorney, but as defendant litigant in a civil action. Should he be tried for that offense in this proceeding, in no sense a criminal proceeding * * "x' he would not only lose the right of trial by jury, but might be convicted on evidence not conclusive beyond a reasonable doubt. In my judgment the respondent should not be burdened with this imputation in advance of his trial for the crime of which he is accused. Let him be tried for that felony, and conviction would ipso jure operate his disbarment * *

The learned official referee has misunderstood the duty that devolved upon him. The matter was referred to him to take the testimony. He has taken the testimony of the petitioner and he does not report that on the testimony presented the charges have not been sustained. It does not appear from the record that criminal proceedings have been instituted, nor that the respondent has been indicted, nor did the respondent ask to have the proceedings suspended while criminal charges were investigated. By subdivision 2 of section 88 of the Judiciary Law (Consol. Laws, chap. 80 [Laws of 1909, chap. 35], as amd. by Laws of 1912, chap. 253, and Laws of 1913, chap. 720) the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court in each department is authorized to censure, suspend from practice or remove from office any attorney and counsellor-at-law admitted to practice as such who is guilty of professional misconduct, malpractice, fraud, deceit, crime or misdemeanor, or any conduct prejudicial to the administration of justice; ” and by subdivision 3 of section 88: Whenever any attorney and counsellor-at-law shall be convicted of a felony, there may he presented to the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court a certified or exemplified copy of the judgment of such conviction, and thereupon the name of the person so convicted shall, by order of the court, he stricken from the roll of attorneys.” Under subdivision 2 of section 88 the disbarment of an attorney who has committed a crime would not he dependent upon his conviction for that offense as it is under subdivision 8, and when an attorney is charged with the commission of a crime it is the duty of the Appellate Division to investigate and, if the charge is proved, disbar him. The fact that he has not been indicted or convicted is not a defense in proceedings of this character, as then, no matter what crime an attorney had committed, if he was not prosecuted criminally, he could still remain a member of the bar. This court has no control over criminal prosecutions, but it is charged with the duty of preventing criminals from continuing members of the bar. While this court, when an attorney has been indicted, may suspend the proceedings until after the trial on the indictment, yet when an attorney has not been indicted the fact that he could he if the charge is true is no reason why the court should not investigate the charge.

This court has referred the matter to the official referee to take testimony in regard to the charges against the respondent. He has taken the testimony of the petitioner, but'apparently of his own motion has reported that the charges should be dismissed without giving the respondent an opportunity to present his testimony. He should have that opportunity. The report is, therefore, set aside and the case sent back to the official referee to take whatever testimony the respondent may offer and then report hack all the testimony with his opinion thereon to the court.

Present—Ingraham, P. J., Clarke, Scott, Dowling and Hotchkiss, JJ.

Report set aside and matter remitted to official referee as stated in opinion. Order to be settled on notice.  