
    Bergstrand v. Townsend.
    Opinion delivered October 18, 1902.
    Witness — Impeachment.—A trial court has discretion to refuse to permit a witness to be impeached by proof of her occupation at a time too remote to assist in judging of her present veracity.
    Appeal from Jefferson Circuit Court.
    Antonio B. Grace, Judge.
    Affirmed.
    
      Young & Danaher, for appellant.
    It was error not to permit appellant to question appellee concerning her former life and habits. 53 Ark. 390; 62 S. W. 66. Appellee failed to identify her property. 14 Ark. 202; 28 Ark. 550; 34 Ark. 632. The instructions were abstract and misleading. 16 Ark. 656; 23 Ark. 289, 731; 42 Ark. 61; 62 Ark. 544; 63 Ark. 108, 177, 563. It was error to give aqipellee’s first instruction and refuse the fifth of appellant. 11 Ark. 189, 378; 21 Ark. 554; 30 Ark. 505.
    
      White & Aliheimer, for appellee.
    The court properly refused to permit the appellee to be questioned with reference to her former life and habits. 25 N. Y. Law Jur. 1397; 61 Ark. 56. If appellant desired other instructions, they should have been requested. 47 Ark. 196; 45 Ark. 539; 60 Ark. 613. A juror cannot impeach or impair a verdict which he has rendered. S. & II. Dig., § 2269; 67 Ark. 273; 29 Ark. 293; 59 Ark. 140. There was no error in giving appellee’s first instruction. 55 Ark. 423; 58 Ark. 20. The amendment to appellant’s answer was properly refused. 54 Ark. 445; 60 Ark. 531; 50 Ark. 300;. 35 Ark. 217.
   Battle, J.

Kate Townsend brought an action against Charles Bergstrand to recover the possession of two diamond rings, of the value of $350. The defendant denied that he was in possession of any diamond rings belonging to the plaintiff. Townsend recovered judgment for the property in controversy, and Bergstrand appealed.

In the trial of the issues in the case before a jury the plaintiff testified, in her own behalf, that the rings in controversy were given to her by Joseph Q. Townsend, deceased, in his lifetime. In her cross-examination she was asked, what relation she bore to the deceased in his lifetime. She replied, she was his wife. She was then asked: “Where were you living and what were you doing at the time Joe Townsend gave you those rings as you allege ?” Her answer was: “I was in St. Louis at the time he gave them to me the first one, and the last one I was living in Little Rock.’’ The next question was: “What was your occupation at that time and prior to that time?” Her reply was: “His wife.” The defendant then asked her: “Prior to your marriage with him, what was it?” The plaintiff objected to the question, and the court sustained the objection; and the question was nqt answered. Should the witness have been required to answer it? This is the only question we consider necessary to determine in this opinion, the other questions discussed in the briefs of counsel having been decided by this court in other cases.

In Hollingsworth v. State, 53 Ark. 387, 390, it is said: “It is always competent to interrogate a witness on cross-examination touching his present or recent residence, occupation and associations ; and if, in answer to such questions, the witness discloses that he has no-residence or lawful occupation, but drifts about in idleness from place to place, associating with the low and vicious, these circumstances are proper for the jury to consider in determining his credibility.” In St. Louis, Iron Mountain & Southern Ry. Co. v. Kelley, 61 Ark. 52, 56, it is said: “The extent to which either party may be allowed to cross-examine a witness of the opposing side concerning collateral facts and matters not in issues is a question, to a large extent, within the discretion of the trial court.”

The statutes of this state provide that “a witness may be impeached by the party against whom he is produced * * * by evidence that his general reputation for truth or immorality renders him unworthy of belief.” Sand. & H. Dig., § 2959. In Holliday v. Cohen, 34 Ark. 711, the court said, in speaking of such evidence: “It was in the discretion of the judge to admit or refuse such testimony, according as he might think it too remote or fairly proper to assist the jury in judging of the present veracity of the witness.”

The rule stated in Holliday v. Cohen, is undoubtedly correct. The object of proving the general reputation of a witness fox truth or immorality is to enable the court or jury to determine the degree of credibility the impeached witness is entitled to and the weight to be given his testimony. If the reputation offered to be shown was at a time too remote to assist in judging of the veracity of the witness at the time he is testifying, it would serve no useful purpose, and ought to be rejected. For the same reason, it would be no abuse of the discretion of a court to deny to a party to .an action the privilege of impeaching a witness produced against him by cross-examining him as to his residence, occupation and associations at a time too remote to shed light upon his present veracity.

In the case at bar the defendant sought to cross-examine Mrs. Townsend as to her occupation before her marriage. She was not examined as to the time when her marriage occurred, nor was it shown when she was married. An answer to the question the court overruled would not have shown the time of her occupation before marriage, or that it was sufficiently near the time she was testifying about to throw any light upon her credibility at that time; for it might have been too remote for that purpose. It does not, therefore, appear that the trial court abused its discretion.

The evidence adduced at the trial was sufficient to sustain the verdict.

Judgment affirmed.  