
    BEAN v. STATE.
    (No. 10531.)
    (Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas.
    Oct. 13, 1926.
    Rehearing Granted Dec. 15, 1926.)
    On Motion for Rehearing.
    1. Criminal law <@=>875(1) — Verdict agreeing to penalty of one year in penitentiary held insufficient (Code Cr. Proc. 1925, arts. 686, 693).
    Verdict in criminal case that jury “agreed to penalty of one year in penitentiary” held, in view of Code Cr. Proc. 1925, arts. 686, 693, to omit essential requirement that jury either find defendant guilty or not guilty.
    2. Criminal law <§=>893 — Verdict should be liberally construed, and if jury’s finding can be reasonably ascertained, be held good as to form.
    Verdict should receive liberal rather than strict construction, and, if finding of jury can be reasonably ascertained, it should be held good as to form.
    Appeal from District Court, Collingsworth County; R. L. Templeton, Judge.
    Pete Bean was convicted of unlawful transportation of intoxicating liquor, and he appeals.
    Reversed and remanded.
    C. C. Small, of Wellington, for appellant.
    Sam D. Stinson, State’s Atty., of Austin, and Robt. M. Lyles, Asst. State’s Atty., of Groesbeck, for the State.
   MORROW, P. J.

The offense is the unlawful transportation of intoxicating liquor; punishment fixed at confinement in the penitentiary for one year.

The indictment appears regular. The record is before us without statement of facts or bills of exceptions. No fundamental error has been discovered or pointed out.

The judgment is affirmed.

On Motion for Rehearing.

HAWKINS, J. When the case was considered on original submission in some way appellant’s brief escaped our attention and 'the case was thought to be one of many which reach this court where the appeal is for delay only. On motion for rehearing it is pointed out that really there is a serious question as to the sufficiency of the verdict to support the judgment and this demanded consideration regardless of the facts proven.

The record discloses that no plea of guilty was entered by appellant, but, on the contrary, that he entered a plea of “not guilty,” and the case went to the jury on contested issues under that plea. The verdict returned by the jury reads as follows: “We, the jury-in the case against Pete Bean (defendant), all agree to penalty of one year in the penitentiary,” On motion for new trial the verdict was attacked as insufficient to uphold' the judgment because there was no finding of guilt by the jury. That there is no direct announcement in the jury’s verdict that they find appellant to be guilty is not open to question. • Can it be supplied by inference on the theory that they would not have fixed a penalty unless they also believed him guilty? This is answered we think by the positive terms of the statute. Article 686, C. C. P. 1925, reads:

“A verdict is a written declaration by a jury of their decision of the issues submitted to them in the case.”

And article 693, C. C. P. 1925, reads as follows:

“The verdict in every criminal action must be general. Where there are special pleas upon which'the jury are to find, they must say in their verdict that the allegations in such pleas are true or .untrue. If the plea is not guilty, they must find that the defendant is either ‘guilty’ or ‘not guilty,’ and they shall assess the punishment in all cases ‘ where the same is not absolutely fixed by law to some particular penalty.”

There has been a departure from the former strict construction of verdicts, and the rule now obtaining is that they should receive a liberal rather than a strict construction, and if the finding of the jury can be reasonably ascertained, the verdict should be held good as to form. This is exemplified in Curry v. State, 7 Tex. App. 91; Birdwell v. State (Tex. App.) 20 S. W. 556; Craig v. State, 62 Tex. Cr. R. 299, 137 S. W. 667, and in many other cases collated under section 646, Branch’s Ann. Tex. P. C., but we have been cited to no authority, and are aware of none, which authorizes this court to hold sufficient a verdict from which there is omitted one of the elements required to be therein by a positive statute, and none which would authorize the trial court to enter a judgment the effect of which is to supply the verdict with a finding omitted therefrom. The authorities are to the contrary. Doran v. State, 7 Tex. App. 386; O’Connor v. State, 37 Tex. Cr. R. 267, 39 S. W. 368; Murray v. State, 1 Tex. App. 430; Shaw v. State, 2 Tex. App. 487; Shackelford v. State, 102 Tex. Cr. R. 92, 277 S. W. 695.

The judgment of guilt entered upon the verdict cannot be sustained. The verdict should not have been received, but the jury should have been sent back for the return of a proper verdict.

Appellant’s motion for rehearing is granted, the judgment of affirmance is set aside, and the judgment of the trial court is now reversed and the cause remanded. 
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