
    The Bank of Pittsburgh, Resp’t, v. Charles C. Murphy, App’lt.
    
      (Supreme Court, General Term, First Department,
    
    
      Filed April 14, 1892.)
    
    Depositions —Affidavit.
    An affidavit of the clerk of plaintiff’s attorney, who is not shown to have been cognizant of the necessary facts or circumstances, is not sufficient to authorize the granting of an order for the examination of the defendant. The court requires the best or legal'evidence of the facts essential to justify the order.
    Appeal from order denying motion to vacate order for defendant’s examination before trial.
    
      A. B. Carrington, for app’lt; F. A. Ward, for resp’t
   Per Curiam.

The order for the examination of the defendant before trial was made' upon the affidavit of the clerk of the plaintiff’s attorney. Neither the complaint nor the affidavits specify any facts or circumstances showing the necessity or materiality of the examination which is required by § 872 of the Code and rule 83 of the Rules of Practice.

If, however, we regard the affidavit as formally correct, the objection based upon the circumstance that it is made by the clerk of the plaintiff’s attorney, who is not shown to have been cognizant of the necessary facts or circumstances, we regard as fatal. The Code requires that the necessary facts should be presented by affidavit; and this would be a useless formality if, by mere formal averments, any person, whether acquainted with the facts or not, could make the same and use it as the basis for an application of this character.

Where the plaintiff himself, who is presumed to have some knowledge of the fact, or in the case of a corporation, its officers do not make the affidavit, some reason should be furnished for the absence of a statement of the knowledge possessed by them or a statement that the facts sought to be obtained by the examination are not within their knowledge or accessible. In other words, what the court requires is the best or legal evidence of the facts essential to justify the order.

The criticism upon the affidavit of an attorney in the case of Timv. Smith, 93 N. Y., 91, is applicable hern “ Such an affiant does not necessarily have knowledge of, and cannot be presumed to know, the several facts attempted to be established by his affidavit in this case. Their existence depends not only upon the official action of several persons, acting independently of each ■ other, but also upon the legal sufficiency of the papers upon which their action was based.

“ It is difficult to see how an attorney can acquire such knowledge of the several facts required to be proved on this motion as entitles him to give legal evidence of them.”

Here the affidavit fails to show what knowledge the plaintiff’s officers have about the cause of action; nor is there anything therein to indicate that the attorney or the deponent, his clerk, ever made any inquiry of the bank’s officers upon that subject.

We think, therefore, that the affidavit was clearly insufficient to justify the order, and it should be reversed, with ten dollars costs and disbursements.

Van Brunt, P. J., and O’Brien, J., concur.  