
    *Maze v. Hamiltons.
    [November, 1783.]
    Court of Appeals —Adjusting Titles to Unpatented Lands — Jurisdiction to !iraní: Writ of Error. — The court of appeals had. not jurisdiction to award a writ of error to a j udgment of the general court, under the act for adjusting the titles of claimers to unpatented lands :
    Same — Same—Same.—And, therefore, where snch a writ had been improvidently granted, it was iiuashed.
    Western Waters — Statute of 1779. — The western waters described, by the act of assembly passed in May 1770.
    
      
      The principal case is cited in Maze v. Hamilton, Wythe 52, 57. 69 ; Burnsides v. Held, 2 Wash. 47, 48 ; Gaskins v. Com., 1 Call 202.
    
   By the 8th section of the act of assembly, for adjusting the titles of claimants to unpatented lands, passed at the May session 1779, it was provided, “that the counties on the western waters should be allotted into districts, to wit: the counties of Monongalia, Yohogania, and Ohio, into one district; the counties of Augusta, Bote-tourt, and Greenbrier, into one district; the counties of Washington and Montgomery, into one other district; and the county of Kentucky into another district:” and that, for each of those districts., the governour and council should appoint four commissioners, “for the purpose of collecting, adjusting and determining such claims.” Ch. Rev. 92. And that their judgments were to be final, except in certain prescribed cases. Ibid. 93. But, by the 9th section, liberty, was reserved to any person, injured by their determination', to enter a caveat against a grant, upon the judgment, at any time, before the first of December, 1780. . !

By the 3d section of another act of the same session of May 1779, for establishing the land office, it was provided, that caveats, against grants tó lands, might be entered in thé general court; which should proceed to determine the right in a summary way; and “thereupon give judgment, on which no appeal or writ of error should be allowed.” Ch. Rev. 96.

Under the reservation, in the first of the above mentioned acts, James Maze entered a caveat in the general court “for fo'ur hundred acres of land lying' in the county of Botetourt now Greenbrier called the Cabin place, on the waters of Gree'nbrier, which said four hundred ácres- of land had been ^adjudged, by the’commissióners for the district of the counties of Augusta, Boutetourt and Greenbrier, on the fourteenth day of January, 1780, to the defendants in right of settlement, together, with a right of preemption belonging thereto, and their costs.”

Upon which caveat,' the general court entered the following judgment, on the 9th of October, 1782:

On the petition of the plaintiff to have his claim aforesaid considered, and it appearing to the court, upon examinations, that John Finney, who in the entry of the judgment aforesaid, claimed, as assignee of the said James Maze, who was present and a party to the trial, was a trustee and agent for the. said James Maze; and it being proved that the said Maze laboured under disability with respect to testimony, partly occasioned by the inclemency of the weather at the time of meeting' of the said commissioners, thereupon a hearing is granted unto the said James Maze in a summary way — and the parties, by their attornies, having waved a trial by jury and submitted the cause to the judgment of the court, the transcript of the judgment aforesaid being seen and inspected, and divers witnesses sworn and examined, and the parties heard by their counsel, It seems to the court here, that the judgment is erroneous: Therefore it is considered, by the court, that the same be reversed and annulled, so far as it relates to the four hundred acres aforesaid, and any right of preemption of the defendant belonging thereto: And that a grant issue, to the plaintiff, for the said four hundred acres of land in right of settlement, and for one thousand acres more in right of preemption, to which no other person hath any legal right or claim, he, the said plaintiff, complying with the terms of the law, in such cases made and provided: And that the plaintiff recover against the defendant his costs by him expended, as well in the prosecution of his claim aforesaid here, as about his defence before the'said meeting of the commissioners for the district aforesaid.”

*From which judgment of the general' court, the defendants offered to appeal; to which the plaintiff’s counsel objected; and the appeal was denied.

On the 30th of April, 1783, Hamilton obtained a writ of error,' from the court of appeals, to the judgment of the «general court: Which, after argument, was, on the 29th of October, 1783, quashed: But ihat order was set aside on' the next day: the cause reheard; and, on the firstdaiyof November, 1783, the following judgment was entered in the cause by the court of appeals.

‘ ‘The court proceeded to render judgment in this cause pursuant to the order of yesterday ; and it seems to the court here, that the writ of error awarded in this cause, in April last, ought not to have been granted, this court not having jurisdiction to award a writ of error to a judgment of the general court in a caveat instituted in the said court under .the act of the general assembly, intituled an act to amend an act intituled an act for adjusting and settling the titles of claimers to unpatented lands under the present and formér government previous'to the establishment of the'commonwealth’s land office: It is therefo're considered, by the court, that the said writ of error be quashed.”  