
    Edward Sullivan, Respondent, v. The Union Railway Company, Appellant.
    
      Negligence ■—explosion of a Uow-off boiler pipe at a union flange—presumption, from tlie failure of the defendant to explain the cause of the accident.
    
    In an action brought to recover damages resulting from injuries caused by the alleged negligence of the defendant, an electric railway company,, it appeared that the plaintiff, an employee of the company, was injured by an explosion which took place while he was operating a blow-off cock in a brass pipe, made in two pieces which were connected, midway between the connections with the blow holes of a steam boiler, by a union flange.
    It was claimed by the plaintiff that the explosion took place at the joint of this union flange, which, there was evidence tending to show, had leaked a few. days before the explosion, and had been repaired, and was an unsafe and dangerous construction, liable to give way and cause an explosion.
    The defendant claimed that, there was no evidence that the pipe burst at this joint, but offered, no proof as to what examination or repairs of the boiler or pipes were made after the explosion, although it appeared that the boiler was subsequently repaired.
    
      Held, in view of the fact that it was within the power of the defendant to . show just what the character of the explosion was, and just What pipe, if any, was broken, if it was not the pipe at the joint of the union flange, that the jury were justified in finding a verdict for the plaintiff.
    Appeal by the defendant, The Union Bailway Company, from a judgment of the Supreme Court in favor of the plaintiff, entered in the office of- the clerk of the county of New York on the 19th day of January, 1895, Upon the verdict of a jury, and also from an order entered in said clerk’s office on the. 19th day. of January, 1895, denying the defendant’s motion, for a new trial made upon the minutes;
    . The action was brought to recover damages for injuries to the. plaintiff, alleged to have been caused by the negligence of the. defendant. The defendant was engaged in the business of operating an electric railway in the neighborhood of West'Farms, New York city. It owned and used in its business- a power house which contained sir Babcock-Wilcox boilers,- which were used in the process of generating electricity. At the bottom, near the rear end of each boiler, was a mud drum, an iron vessel designed to receive the dirt and sediment from the wafer in the boiler. The mud drum extended across the boiler, and in its rear were two blow holes. A brass pipe extended along the outside of the mud drum, and was connected with the two blow ■ holes by two pipes. The brass pipe extended out through the brick wall inclosing the boiler, and had a blow-off cock at the outer end. The brass pipe was made in two pieces, which were connected midway between the connections with the blow holes by a flange union; i. e., a flange was screwed upon the end of each piece of pipe, and these two flanges were then brought together and bolted. The object of this construction was to remove the dirt and sediment from the boiler which should accumulate in the mud drum. When the blow-off cock was opened, the pressure of steam in the boiler Upon .the water, dirt and sediment in the mud drum would force the same out through the blow holes and their pipe connections into the brass pipe, and so out into its connections with the waste pipe outside.
    The plaintiff was a fireman in the employ of the defendant, and had charge of the boilers during a portion of each day, and it was his duty, before leaving the boilers each day, to open the blow-off cocks and clean the dirt and sediment out of the mud drum in the manner already indicated. ■ January 11, 1893, about three p. m., the plaintiff went to the blow-off cock of one of the boilers and, with a wrench used for the purpose, opened the cock. Thereupon some kind of an explosion occurred which caused the injuries to the plaintiff, for which this action is brought to recover damages. The questions of fact involved on the trial were the nature of the explosion, the negligence of the defendant in the construction and condition of the appliance which exploded, the contributory negligence of the plaintiff and the extent of his injuries. There was serious contention as to all these questions, the case was submitted to the jury, a verdict was rendered in favor of the plaintiff for $900, and from the judgment rendered thereon, and from the order denying a motion for a new trial on the minutes, this appeal is taken.
    
      Charles C. Nadal, for the appellant.
    
      T. B. Wakeman, for the respondent.
   Williams, J.:

It was claimed on the part of the plaintiff that the brass pipe back of the mnd drum exploded at the joint of the flange union. The defend-, ant claimed there was no evidence whatever that the 'pipe burst or gave way at that joint, and no evidence hi any way to-show how or why the accident occurred. The plaintiff testified that immediately upon his opening the stop cock the explosion occurred, the doors to the flues were thrown open and the door frames were blown out of .place, and steam, water and ashes came out against him, knocked him down and injured him; that he was burned and scalded so that the skin came off from different parts of his body, and there were ashes all over him, and that he was in bed and in the house for a. long time. Olackin, a helper of the plaintiff, was present at the time of the accident, and he testified, among other things, that he heard the pipe crack at the time of the explosion. Dellett, an engineer in the employ of the defendant, was in the engine room at the time of the accident, and went down into the boiler room an hour or so after the explosion, and he testified that on that same afternoon, or soon after the accident, he saw a broken pipe; that the chief engineer, O’Keefe, brought it into- the engine room, and that, the pipe he saw was broken, in the thread, but he did not see any flange union, and could not say that this broken pipe had been connected with any flange union, and he could not say that the broken-pipe was in the boiler at the time of the explosion. O’Keefe was-not produced as a witness on the trial, and theré was no proof on the part of the defendant as to. what examination or repairs of the boiler or pipes were made after the explosion, though it appeared that the boiler Was subsequently repaired; neither was there any proof on the part of the defendant as to whether this broken pipe was taken from the boiler after the explosion, nor as to where O’Keefe found .it, or as to where it came from. There was evidence tending to show that there had been some defect and leaking-of water at the flange union in this boiler a few days before the explosion, and that repairs had been made thereon. There Was also evidence tending to' show that such a flange unión was an unsafe and dangerous construction, and was liable to give way and cause an explosion. It would seem that it was within the power of the defendant to show just what the character of the explosion was, and just what pipe, if any, was broken if it was not the pipe at the joint of the flange union in question. It is hardly credible that an examination was not made by the chief engineer and the precise condition of things ascertained after the explosion occurred, and in the absence of any evidence on the part of the defendant upon this subject, we think there was evidence in the case from which the jury might well find, and were justified in finding, that the pipe gave way at the joint of the flange union as claimed by the plaintiff.

Much evidence was given in the case, upon the one side and the other, as to whether the defendant was guilty of negligence in furnishing the pipes and the flange in question as machinery for the use of its employee, whether the construction was defective, was unsafe and dangerous, and whether it was the fault of the defendant that it was there. This evidence was conflicting, and all these questions relating to the alleged negligence of the defendant were submitted to the jury in a charge wherein the learned trial court correctly stated the principles of law applicable thereto, and fairly and impartially called attention to the evidence. We do not deem it necessary to refer to the evidence in detail or to discuss the principles of law laid down. We think, upon all the evidence in the case, that the question of the defendant’s negligence was one of fact for the determination of the jury, and that they were justified in the conclusion they arrived at.

The defendant claimed that the explosion occurred, not at the time the plaintiff opened the blow-off cock, but when he closed it, and that the cause of the explosion was the sudden shutting off of the steam ; that plaintiff ought to have closed the cock slowly, and was guilty of negligence in this respect, which was the real cause of the explosion. This, if true, would charge plaintiff, with contributory negligence and would bar his right to recover. Some evidence was given on the part of the defendant tending to show this state of facts. The plaintiff’s evidence was, however, positive that the explosion occurred immediately upon his opening the stop, cock, and that it did not take pflace when he was closing it. Upon the whole evidence it was a question for the jury whether the plaintiff was free from contributory negligence, and their finding in his favor upon that question was justified by the evidence and should not he disturbed.

The question of the extent of the plaintiff’s injuries and the amount of damages that would fairly compensate him therefor was also one for the jury. The verdict was not large, but was quite moderate, and we see no reason to interfere with the conclusion arrived at by the jury.

There were exceptions to the reception of evidence and. to the charge to the jury, but they are not of sufficient merit to call for special notice.

We think the judgment should be affirmed, with costs.

' Van Brunt, P. J., Patterson, O’Brien and Ingraham, JJ., concurred.

Judgment affirmed,' with costs.  