
    Christopher C. Cox v. The United States.
    
      On the defendant’s Demurrer.
    
    
      The hoard, of health in the District of Columbia is appointed by the President. The salary attached to the office is paid out of the Treaswi-y. One of its members is appointed by the Secretary of the Interior a visiting commissioner to examine certain Indian agencies. The accounting officers in the settlement of his accounts allow him the pay of a commissioner, but refuse to allow him pay as a member of the hoard of health for the same period.
    
    I.A member of the board of health for the District of Columbia, appointed by the President under the Act 1st February, 1871 (16 Stat. L., 419 ; Rev. Stat. D. C., §§ 72, 73), although in one sense a municipal officer, is yet an officer of the general government.
    II.By the Revised Statutes District Columbia (§ 73) it is provided that no salary shall be paid to a member of the board of health who holds a Federal office. The intent is to prevent the same person from holding two offices at the same time and receiving double salaries from the Treasury.
    III.An appointment hy the Secretary of the Interior as commissioner to visit and examine certain Indian agencies is a Federal office in the sense of precluding the commissioner from receiving pay at the same time as a member of the board of health for the District of Columbia.
    
      The Reporters’ statement of the case:
    The facts set up and relied upon by the claimant to maintain his action fully appear in the opinion of the court.
    
      
      Mr. A. D. Robinson (with. whom, was tbe Assistant Attorney-General) for tbe demurrer.
    
      Mr. George Taylor opposed.
   Hunt, J.,

delivered tbe opinion of tbe court:

Tbis case comes before us on a general demurrer, tbat tbe petition does not set forth a sufficient cause of action

Tbe petitioner prays judgment for tbe sum of $831.50. He alleges tbat be was appointed one of tbe board of bealtb for tbe District of Columbia; tbat be was in tbe enjoyment of tbat office and tbe performance of its duties wben, on tbe 30tb of June, 1874, be was designated and appointed by tbe Secretary of tbe Interior to visit and treat with tbe Indians in tbe Bed Cloud and Whetstone agencies; tbat be entered upon tbe duties of bis appointment on tbe 1st July, 1874, and continued in their discharge until tbe 30th November, 1874, and tbat be has been paid in full for bis services. He complains tbat during tbis period be was not paid bis salary as a member of tbe board of bealtb. He now seeks to. recover tbat salary, upon tbe ground tbat, as a member of tbe board, be was merely acting as a. municipal officer of tbe city of Washington and District of Columbia, and was not an officer of tbe United States, and tbat tbe law denying double compensation to officers of tbe United States does not apply to tbe case of a municipal officer.

Tbe act of Congress of February 21,1871, provides tbat tbe President, with tbe consent of tbe Senate, shall appoint a board of bealtb, consisting of five persons, whose duties are defined. Their salaries were to be paid by tbe government “ at tbe Treasury of tbe United States.”

It has been held tbat under tbis act tbe District of Columbia was created a municipal corporation, and tbat whether its officers and agents were appointed by tbe governor or President, or were elected by tbe people, does not affect tbe question whether they are or are not parts of tbe corporation or’ its agents. (Barnes v. District of Columbia, 91 U. S., 540.) This, ruling is relied on by tbe claimant as removing all objection to» bis right to recover bis salary as a member of tbe board of health during tbe time be acted as an Indian commissioner.

' We do not concur in tbis view. Tbe office of a member of tbe board of bealtb for tbe District of Columbia, although in one sense a municipal office, was yet an office under tfie general government. It was created by an act of Congress, was filled by tfie appointment of tfie President by and witfi tfie advice and consent of tfie Senate, and its salary was to be paid by tfie government at tfie Treasury of tfie United States. Altfiougfi its sphere of duties was local, and limited to tfie municipal corporation created by the act of Congress, it was none tfie less an office under tfie government.

By tfie Bevised Statutes of tfie District of Columbia, section 73, it is provided that no salary shall be paid to any member of tfie board of health who shall hold any Federal office.

Tfie object of this statute is obvious. It seeks to prevent tfie same person from holding two offices at tfie same time and receiving double salaries from tfie public Treasury. That object would be frustrated if tfie claimant in this case should receive fiis salary as an Indian commissioner and also as a member of tfie board of health.

It is therefore ordered, adjudged, and decreed that tfie demurrer be sustained and tfie claimant’s petition be dismissed.

Drake, Cfi. J., was absent when this case was heard, and' took no part in tfie decision.  