
    Matter of the Judicial Settlement of the Accounts of Joseph Spears, as Executor of William C. Spears, Deceased.
    (Surrogate’s Court, Westchester County,
    December, 1894.)
    By his will the testator appointed his brother executor and left “to his judgment, as he may see fit, the disposal of all my real and personal property, to be divided among my heirs as his judgment may deem best and most fitting to him, and to be sold or held as long as he may deem best for the interest of my heirs.” Held, that no valid trust under the Statute of Uses and Trusts was created, but that a power of sale was conferred upon the executor, to be exercised in his discretion; that the title to the lands vested in the heirs subject to the exercise of such power, and that the rents and expenditures upon the real estate formed no part of the accounts of the executor.
    It is the duty of an executor to convert the personal property, especially such as involves expense for proper'care, as speedily as possible, without regard to the wishes of the beneficiaries, unless all of them are sui juris.
    
    An executor will be held liable for the value of perishable property, such as plants and shrubs, whose destruction is due to his negligence.
    An executor is chargeable with the rents of leasehold property.
    The deceased left a widow, Hattie S. Spears, a son, William J. Spears, and two minor children. He was the owner of valuable real property at Olausen’s Point, Westchester pounty, where he died, estimated to be of the value of about $100,000. He also had a leasehold estate in Ho. 2472 Second avenue, Hew York city. The inventory of the personal property amounted to $700, including two horses valued at $200. There was a large greenhouse on the premises at Clausen’s Point full of plants and shrubs which were not included in the inventory, and which were subsequently destroyed by frost. The deceased and the executor had been co-partners in business, but had dissolved the connection about a year prior to the death of the former, which occurred in 1891. They had, as partners, a joint account in a city bank, which was not changed at the time of dissolution. At the time of testator’s death the amount was about $2,300. The will of the deceased, made in 1890, was as follows: “ I, William C. Spears, being of sound mind and about to go to Florida, make this my last will and testament. I hereby make my brother, Joseph Spears, sole executor, and leave to his judgment, as he may see fit, the disposal of all my real and personal property, to be divided among my heirs as his judgment may deem best and most fitting to him, and to be sold or held as long as he may deem best for the interest of my heirs.”
    
      Sackett <& Icmg, for executor.
    
      Samuel Keeler, for contestant, Wm. J. Spears, and special guardian for minors.
   Coran, S.

The first thing to be considered is whether the rents accrued from, and the expenditure upon, the real estate at Clausen’s Point are proper items to be considered upon this accounting, or have any proper place in the account. This depends upon the construction of the will. It seems quite clear that no valid trust, under the Statute of Uses and Trusts, is created. The cases on the subject are numerous, but only a few need be cited. Smith v. Bowen, 35 N. Y. 83 ; Cooke v. Platt, 98 id. 35 ; Chamberlain v. Taylor, 105 id. 185 ; Clift v. Moses, 116 id. 144. The use of the word “ disposal” can mean nothing more than a sale, and the words to be sold or held as long as he may deem best for the interest of my heirs ” confer only a power of sale to be exercised in the executor’s discretion. In fact, fhe will confers only a power of sale for the purpose of division among his heirs in the manner he may deem most fitting. The title vested in the widow and heirs, and so remains, subject only to the exercise of the power. The remedy, if any, in regard to the rents and the claim for expenditures must be sought in some other tribunal having a jurisdiction which this court does not possess.

The two horses mentioned in the inventory remain unsold, partially for the alleged reason that the sale was deferred at the request of the parties in interest, with the expectation or hope that they might bring a larger sum in the future. It is the settled rule that the duty of an executor is to convert the personal estate into money with as little delay as may consist with the interests of the estate, and this rule applies with greater force where the delay engenders. an expense in keeping the property. The executor should have disposed of these horses as speedily as fairly possible, without regard to the wishes of the beneficiaries, unless all were sui juris, which they were not. The delay has caused a large expense for their care and keep, which the executor seeks to have allowed to him. He should be charged with the value fixed by the inventory and allowed for care and keep for six months, which gave him ample time for their conversion into money, and with interest from that period.

The executor must be held liable for the value of the plants and shrubs in the greenhouse, which were personal property, and whose destruction was due to his negligence. Their value is not satisfactorily established, but it is believed that at an auction or private sale they would not have yielded a net amount of more than $150, and the executor should be charged with that sum.

The contestants seek to surcharge the executor’s account by adding to the debtor 'side the one-half of the sum of about $2,300, which was in bank in the joint names of himself and the deceased. Of course, it was incumbent on them to establish this claim, and they examined the executor, who furnished all the evidence on the subject, with that view. He testified that the whole belonged to him, and the facts stated by him tend to show that such was the case. It is not, therefore, a debt due the deceased from him.

The executor should be charged with the net rents of the premises on Second avenue, Hew York, where not already so charged. It was and is leasehold property, and, therefore, assets. Counsel for contestants is content that it remain unsold, as it produces a satisfactory income.

The corrections of the account should be made according to the stipulations as disclosed by the minutes of the testimony.

If the decision of any point has been omitted, attention may be called to it on the settlement of the same, when it will be disposed of.

Ordered accordingly.  