
    The People of the State of New York ex rel. Sophie B. de Frece, Relator, v. Richard Lathers and Others, Members of the Board of Public Works of the City of New Rochelle, and John J. O’Brien, Receiver of Taxes of the City of New Rochelle, Respondents.
    Second Department,
    November 18, 1910.
    Municipal corporations — construction of sidewalk, city of Mew Rochelle — failure of owner to do work — when assessment for costs thereof not void — city charter construed — estoppel.
    An assessment against a landowner in the city of New Rochelle, covering the cost to the city in building a sidewalk in front of her premises after her failure - to construct said sidewalk personally within thirty days after the publication of a notice to do so, is not invalid merely because within the thirty days the common council passed a resolution ordering the board of public works to construct the sidewalk, if in fact that board did not act under the resolution until after the expiration of thirty days from the publication of the first resolution.
    Under the charter of the city of New Rochelle no petition of - property owners, made pursuant to sections 72, 73 and 74 of the charter, is necessary in order that the common council may pass a resolution requiring the owners of lands abutting on streets to construct sidewalks, curbs and gutters in front of their respective premises, that matter being governed by section 84 of the. charter.
    Moreover, a property owner who, having notice of a resolution requiring her to construct a sidewalk, fails to do so within the time set, and stands by .while the city performs the work without taking any steps to prevent it, is estopped from claiming that the work was unlawfully done.
    Certiorari, issued out of the Supreme Court and attested on the 15th day of April, 1910, directed to Bichard Lathers and others, members of the board of public works of the city of New Bochelle, and John J. O’Brien, receiver of taxes of the city of New Bochelle, commanding them to certify and return to the office of .the clerk of the county of Westchester all and singular their proceedings had in confirming an assessment against relator’s property. .
    
      
      Patrick Rooney, for the relator.
    
      ■William S. Beers [Hugh M. Ha/rmer with him on the brief], for the respondents.
   Woodward, J.:

The relator brings this writ to review the determination of the board of public works of the city of New Rochelle, confirming the assessment against relator’s property for part of the cost of laying certain curbs and gutters and the reconstruction of sidewalks along Neptune avenue, in the city of New Rochelle.' The contention of the relator is that the proceedings leading up to the performance of the work by the board of public works were so far irregular as to be void, and the purpose of this review is to have the assessment nullified.

On the 5th day of May, 1908, the common council of the city of New Rochelle, in response to a petition, passed a resolution directing the owners of premises fronting on Neptune avenue from Elm street to Pelham road to “ within thirty (30) days from the date of publication of this resolution or ordinance, make, construct and set curbstones and gutters along the outer lines of the sidewalks in front of their respective lots, and lands fronting on the said streets,” etc. This resolution likewise provided that in the event of the owners of property failing to comply with the provisions of the ordinance, the common council would procure the work to .be done in behalf of such owners, and impose the burden upon them. It is alleged in the petition of the relator that this ordinance was first published on the 22d day of May, 1908, and while the return of the board of public works denies having any information sufficient to form a belief upon this point, we will assume the truth of this allegation. This would give the owners of premises upon Neptune avenue until the 22d day of June, 1908, to perform the work directed by the ordinance. It is not pretended that the relator undertook to do this work within thirty days, but it is alleged that on the 22d day of June, 1908, the relator, with others who objected to the work being done, notified the city engineer, through one Peter E. Bartnett, a contractor, that.they would do the work themselves. The city engineer had no authority in the premises; he was not the agent of the common council or of the hoard of public works, and the time limited by the original resolution or ordinance had expired at the time of the alleged notice. In the meantime, and on the 16th day of June, 1908, the common council adopted a resolution that the Board of Public Works be, and hereby is, ordered to lay and construct curb, gutter and sidewalk bn Neptune avenue from Elm street to Pelham road and Elm street from Drake avenue to Weyman avenue, in accordance with the declaration of intention, and the resolution ádopted by the common council at a meeting held May 6, 1908,” and Be it further- resolved, that the Board of Public Works shall cause the said hereinbefore specified work to be done, for and on account of such owner or owners and impose, assess and levy the cost and expenses thereof, as by law directed, upon the lands and premises benefited.”

Assuming that the relator had the right to make the repairs and improvements at any time within thirty days from the 22d day of May, 1908, the undisputed fact is that she had made no move in that direction until the twenty-second day of June, after the time fixed by the resolution of May fifth had "expired, and she could not have been harmed, nor did it invalidate the resolution which was adopted on the-sixteenth day of June, and which it is claimed did not come to her attention until about the time of the, notice which was given to the city engineer on the. twenty-second day of J une. It is not claimed that the board of public works ácted or attempted to act under the "resolution of June sixteenth until long after the expiration of thirty days from the publication of the resolution of May fifth, and the fact that, some of the signers of the original petition had in the meantime, and prior to the resolution of June sixteenth, attempted to withdraw their names from such petition is of no consequence for the very good reason that no such petition was required by the charter for the particular kind of work which is here under consideration. .Conceding, for the sake of the argument, that the exceptions contained in section 72 of the charter (Laws of 1899, chap. 128) are not broad enough to cover curbing, the work was not a “local improvement, * * * 'the expense of which is to be defrayed wholly or partly by local assessment,” within the intent of the "act. That referred to local improvements undertaken by the "city, to be paid for by local assessments in the first instance, and not to the construction of sidewalks, curbs and gutters, which are specially provided for in section 84 of the charter (as amd. by Laws of 1905, chap. 469), where it is provided that “it shall be the duty of the owners and occupants of lands fronting on any of the streets or avenues in said city to construct and keep in repair the sidewalks, curbs and gutters in front of their respective lots, in such manner, and at such times, and of such material as the common council may, by a by-law,” etc., direct, and it is only in the event that the persons on whom this duty is cast fail to perform, that the city steps in and does the work, making the same a charge upon them. It is entirely a different scheme from that provided for the local improvements mentioned in sections 72, 73 and 74 of the charter, and the mere fact that the common council did not direct the laying of gutters, curbs and sidewalks until petitioned by residents, did not limit the powers of the common council under the provisions of section 84 (as amd., supra). The resolution of June sixteenth having been passed lawfully, and the work not having been undertaken until after the relator had permitted the thirty days to expire in which she was called upon to-do the work,, there is no merit in the contention of the relator in this regard.

The other objections urged hinge largely upon the theory which we have seen to be without force, and we are clearly of the opinion that the relator, having stood by and watched this work proceed without taking any steps to prevent it, is not in a position to urge to-day that it has been unlawfully done. She holds her property subject to the right of the community to impose those reasonable burdens commonly accepted by the residents of municipalities, and she is asked to pay only the cost of doing the work, which it was her duty to do, with the incidental cost of collecting the same. To permit highly technical objections to override the obvious justice of requiring the relator to pay her portion of the cost of doing the work, which it was her duty to do, would be to exalt form over substance, and to work a wrong. There has been a substantial compliance with the provisions of the statute, and the writ should be vacated and the proceeding dismissed, with costs.

Jehks, Buee, Thomas and Cabe, JJ., concurred.

Writ vacated and proceeding dismissed, with costs.  