
    ARCHIBALD C. HAYNES, Respondent, v. J. BLAKELEY CREIGHTON, Appellant.
    
      JSxamination of a party before trial—when pn’oper to encéle plaintiff to frame Ms complaint.
    
    In an action brought to recover the amount due upon a promissory note made by the defendant, payable to his own order and indorsed by him, an application was made by the defendant for an order authorizing an examination of the plaintiff in order to enable the defendant to obtain information necessary for use in the framing of his answer. The information desired by the defendant related to the transfer of the note to the plaintiff, in regard to which the defendant’s affidavit stated that he was not only ignorant, but that the knowledge of such facts could only be obtained from the plaintiff, and that such knowledge was necessary to enable the defendant to frame and serve his answer.
    An order was made directing the examination to include answers to such questions as should be put to the plaintiff touching the alleged transfer of the note to him, the date of the transfer, the parties to it, the consideration thereof, and such other matters as might be relevant or material thereto. It was restricted to the facts known to the plaintiff, and necessary for the information of the defendant in answering the complaint.
    
      Held, that the order was properly made.
    That it was not an answer to the application, that the defendant might examine the plaintiff as a witness upon the trial, for such examination would be restricted to the issue made by the pleadings, while the application in question was for an examination necessary to enable the defendant to make the issues as broad as the facts would warrant.
    Appeal by the defendant J. Blakeley Creighton from an order of the Supreme Court, made in the above-entitled action and entered in the office of the clerk of the county of New York on the 25th day of June, 1890.
    The order appealed from vacated an order theretofore made in the action for the examination of the plaintiff, and set the same aside, with ten dollars costs to the plaintiff. The order so set aside directed the plaintiff to appear before a justice of the Supreme Court, at chambers, at a time therein specified, to “ answer such questions as shall be put to him touching the alleged transfer to him of the alleged promissory note in suit, the parties to such transfer aforesaid, the date of such, transfer aforesaid, and the consideration or considerations, if any therefor, and touching such other matters as may be relevant or material thereto.”
    
      William Mam,, for the appellant.
    
      Boot & Gla/rke, for the respondent.
   Daniels, J.:

This action is upon a promissory note made by the defendant, payable to his own order, and indorsed by him, for the sum of $4,500, and due in five months from its date. This note was shown to have been one of a series in the same form amounting to the sum of $16,500. They were made and indorsed -to replace bonds and stock delivered to Charles T. Russell, of Pittsburgh, upon what was represented to be a loan of that sum of money obtained from him for a company in which the defendant was the owner of both stock and mortgage bonds. The notes were delivered to A. D. Jones, the treasurer of the company, to be used for that object. But he used no more than $6,000 in amount in that manner. The residue he misappropriated and used for his own benefit, and the note in suit is one of this residue.

The defendant applied for and obtained an order for the examination of the plaintiff to enable him to obtain such information as was necessary to frame his answer. As to the making, indorsement and diversion of the note no examination of the plaintiff was necessary, for these were facts within the knowledge of the defendant. But what the defendant desired to ascertain was information of the facts attending the transfer of the note to the plaintiff. Of those facts his affidavit not only showed him to be ignorant, but also that a knowledge of them could only be obtained from the plaintiff, and that such knowledge was necessary for him to frame and serve his answer. And the order which was made directed the examination to include answers to such questions as should be put to the plaintiff, touching the alleged transfer of the note to him, the date of the transfer, the parties to it, the consideration therefor, and such other matters as might be relevant or material thereto. It was restricted to the facts known to the plaintiff, and unknown to, and necessary for the information of, the defendant in answering the complaint. If the note had been transferred to the plaintiff under circumstances rendering him incapable of recovering upon it, and which it was necessary should be alleged by way of answer to entitle the defendant to make proof of them on the trial, he was entitled to that information from the plaintiff, and it could be obtained only by his examination. The consideration paid or allowed may have been such as to render the transfer usurious. But that could only become known in this manner. And without alleging it in the answer the defendant would not be permitted to prove it even by the plaintiff himself upon the trial. And that of itself was sufficient to authorize this examination. The defendant had been defrauded by his own agent, and he was entitled to avail himself of all such methods of redress as the law had provided for his protection. And this was one of them, by which he could be placed in the position requisite for the intelligent presentation of any defenses arising out of facts unknown to him, and which were necessarily within the knowledge of the plaintiff. It does not answer the application that the defendant may examine the plaintiff as a witness upon the trial. For that examination would then be restricted to the issue. What is necessary for him is to make the issue as broad as the facts will warrant it, and then he will be entitled to introduce whatever proof may be within his power and necessary for his own protection.

The affidavit has fully complied with all that can be required under the rples referred to in Spero v. West Side Bank (27 N. Y. State Rep., 29). And as the essential information can be obtained by the defendant in no other way, he is entitled to this examination of the plaintiff. It has been said in the points that the defendant has, since the order was made, served his answer. But if such is the fact, it cannot be here considered, for it was not before the court when this order was made. Neither is it stated that the answer served includes the defenses expected to be made as the result of the examination of the plaintiff.

The order should be reversed, with ten dollars costs and the disbursements, and the motion to vacate the order for the examination of the plaintiff denied.

"Van Brunt, P. J., and Brady, J., concurred.

Order reversed, with ten dollars costs and disbursements and the motion to vacate the order for the examination of the plaintiff denied.  