
    SALES..
    [Ashland (5th) Circuit Court,
    October 21, 1910.]
    Taggart, Donnelly and Voorhees, JJ.
    Durant-Dort Carriage Co. v. S. L. Karth & Bro.
    Offer to Purchase does not Constitute Enforcible Contract of Purchase Until Acceptance by Seller.
    An offer to purchase goods in accordance with a written or printed proposition previously submitted, does not constitute an enforcible contract of purchase, until the offer has been submitted to the seller and approved by him.
    Error to common pleas court.
    
      J. W. Myhrante, for plaintiff in error.
    
      Chapman é Taggart, for defendant in error.
   TAGGART, J.

The question in this proceeding in error is as to the action of the trial court in sustaining an objection to the introduction of any testimony, after a jury was impaneled to try the cause, which objection was sustained by the court, and a verdict directed, and the petition dismissed.

If the amended petition, upon which this ease was put to trial, contains facts constituting a cause of action, then the action of the court was erroneous and prejudicial. If, however, the amended petition does not state facts constituting a cause of action, then the action of the court in sustaining the objection to the introduction of any testimony was proper.

The action in the court below was based upon an alleged written contract, and the amended petition refers to a copy which is attached thereto and made a part thereof, marked exhibit “A,” and then refers to ,the terms of the alleged contract, and from the terms so referred to, the right is claimed to recover for the damages stipulated therein.

The court has the right, in construing the petition, to look to the exhibit that -is made a part thereof, not to help out the petition to make a good cause of action, but may look to it for the purpose of determining whether the averments of the petition are supported by the exhibit and if there is a variance between the terms of the exhibit and the allegations of the petition, the exhibit must control and the court may declare the petition insufficient.

An examination of the exhibit attached to the amended petition does not sustain the averment that the cause of action is founded upon a written contract. The exhibit, by its terms, is simply an order or an offer to purchase certain goods of the plaintiff, according to the terms of the order or offer, so made by the defendants. One of the terms and conditions of this order or offer to purchase is as follows, “Subject to approval of the Durant-Dort Carriage Co.”

Now, it is averred in the amepded petition that the plaintiff accepted said order and approved the same, and fully performed its entire part of said contract. But the exhibit itself contains no approval, nor evidence of approval by the plaintiff, neither is it averred that such an approval was ever eommunicated to the defendants, and the averment that it fully per7 formed its entire part of said contract, we think, is clearly referable to the fact that it constructed the buggies named therein.

But, it is a clear rule of law, sustained by abundant authorities; that an order or offer to purchase goods, under a written or printed order, similar to the exhibit attached to the amended petition, is a mere offer, and before notice of acceptance may be revoked by the party making the offer or signing the order. This • amended petition avers that the defendants refused to accept the goods or refused to give any orders for shipment. It is not shown that they had in any wise accepted, or had any knowledge of the approval of said order by the plaintiffs, and such refusal was. the equivalent of revocation of the order so made by them.

We think there was no error in the action of the court in sustaining the objection to the introduction of any testimony, as in our judgment this amended petition did not state a cause of action.

The judgment of the court of common pleas is affirmed with costs, and remanded for execution.

Donnelly and Voorhees, JJ.,  