
    DAVIS v. STATE.
    (Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas.
    Feb. 28, 1912.)
    1. Larceny (§ 68) — Hoa Theft — Unknown Ownee — Proof.
    Where an indictment for hog theft charged that the owner of the hog was unknown, there must be some evidence of such want of knowledge, either by the grand jurors or otherwise, to authorize submission of the question to the jury.
    [Ed. Note. — For other cases, see Larceny, Cent. Dig. §§ 180, 181; Dec. Dig. § 68.]
    2. Criminal Law (§ 1166) — Continuance-Absence of Witness.
    In a prosecution for hog theft, defendant’s sole defense was that the hog killed was the property of L., and that she had ordered him to kill it, and that after it was killed it was taken to her house and identified by her as one of her hogs. L. was subpoenaed and attended court on a prior date, when the case was reset; but when it was again reached for trial she was too sick to attend, whereupon accused applied for a continuance on an affidavit that, if present, she would testify to the facts stated. The state offered to admit that if L. was present she would testify as stated, but refused to admit the truth of such facts. Held, that such evidence was material to accused, and, though the evidence offered at the trial was such that D.’s testimony, if as stated, might not have been believed, it was nevertheless reversible error to refuse the continuance.
    [Ed. Note. — Eor other cases, see Criminal Daw, Cent. Dig. §§ 3100-3102, 3107-3113; Dec. Dig. § 1166.]
    Appeal from District Court, Houston County; B. H. Gardner, Judge.
    Firm Davis was convicted of hog theft, and he appeals.
    Reversed and remanded.
    ' Moore & Sallas, for appellant. C. E. Lane, Asst. Atty. Gen., for the State.
    
      
      For other oases see same topic and section NUMBER in Dec. Dig. & Am. Dig. Key No. Series & Rep’r Indexes
    
    
      
      For other oases see same topic and section. NUMBER in Dec. Dig. & Am. Dig. Key No. Series & Rep’r Indexes
    
   PRENDERGAST, J.

The appellant and his brother-in-law, Ed Lockhart, were jointly indicted, tried, and convicted for hog theft, and their penalty fixed at two years in the penitentiary. Appellant alone has appealed.

There were two counts in the indictment; one charging that the hog belonged to L. H. Hawthorne, the other that the owner was unknown.

There are some complaints of the court’s charge. We regard them more hypercritical than otherwise. It is unnecessary to discuss them in the disposition we will make of the case.

But, as appellant complains of the charge of the court in submitting to the jury the second count of the indictment — that is, charging that the owner of the stolen animal was unknown — we will say as to that question that, in our opinion, from this record it was not improper for the court to submit that question to the jury. However, in another trial, we suggest that it would not be inappropriate for the state to make other proof, if it can, by the grand jurors or otherwise, to strengthen, if need be, the proof of the allegation that the owner was unknown.

There are some six bills of exceptions in the record, claiming that the court erred in not granting appellant a continuance. They show that a controversy arose between the appellant’s attorneys and the court as to the full facts relative thereto and appellant’s complaint of the qualification of the bills prepared by him on that subject. They show, in effect, that the court refused all four of appellant’s bills on that subject and prepared nimself two in lieu thereof. It is unnecessary to give any or all of these matters in full. The substance of the matter is, as shown by the whole of them and the qualifications thereof by the judge, that the case was set for trial on April 10, 1911; that prior to that time appellant had procured a proper subpoena for his mother-in-law, Sarah Lockhart, which had been duly executed in time, and that in obedience thereto she appeared and attended the court as a witness on the 10th and 11th days of April, 1911, at which time the ease was first set for trial; that for some reason, not made clear, the case was not then tried; but was reset for April 18th and called for trial and tried on April 19, 1911; that the said witness was an old woman, and was taken sick when she attended the court as a witness on April 10th or 11th; that when the case was called for trial on the 19th she was then too sick to attend the trial. This was shown, not only by the affidavit of the appellant, but by a certificate of a reputable.doctor to that effect. The state contested the application for-continuance. The court heard evidence thereon and concluded, as shown by his qualifications of the bills and those prepared by him, that because she was an old woman and sick that the probabilities were she would never recover sufficiently to attend the trial at any other term, and that the state offered to permit the appellant to show that if she was present she would testify to what was stated she would in the application for continuance. The appellant declined to accept this, but stated at the time that if the state would admit the truth of her testimony they would go to trial. The state, of course, refused this, because it would have been a complete defense for appellant. The court further held that the appellant had used no diligence after the witness became sick to take her depositions.

One of appellant’s defenses, if not his sole defense, was that the hog that was killed, alleged to have been stolen, was the property of this absent sick witness. Some of his witnesses so testified, and the court, as was necessary under the proof, correctly charged the jury that if the hog alleged to have been stolen was the property of this witness to acquit appellant. The application shows that this witness, if present, would have testified, among other things, this: “That on the day the hog was killed the said witness empowered, instructed, and requested .these defendants to go into the woods and kill one of her hogs; that on the day in question the defendants did kill and took to the house of Ed Lockhart, late one evening, one hog; that she saw the hog after it was killed, and knows the same to have been one of her own hogs, in her own mark, and one that she had that day authorized the defendants to kill for her.” This evidence, of course, was very material for appellant. It may he, in the state of the proof, that the jury would not have believed her, as there was much testimony tending to show that this was not true. However, it was not for tliat court nor this, under the circumstances, to take that question from the jury. They are made the judges of this and the credibility of the witnesses. It is, in many instances, held by this court that if all of the evidence taken together shows that the testimony of the absent witness was probably untrue, and where that is the case, that no reversible error is committed in overruling a motion for continuance. The lower court did not state this as a reason, either in' overruling the motion for a continuance, or in motion - for new trial, based thereon, that this was a fact, even if the evidence had justified it. We have carefully gone over the whole matter and the statement of facts, and have reached the conclusion that the court committed reversible error in not continuing the case on account of the absence of this witness, or rather in not granting a new trial on that ground.

The judgment will therefore be reversed, and the cause remanded.  