
    James Madden, Respondent, v. James Hughes and Others, Appellants.
    
      Negligence-—injury to an employee engaged in attaching! a beam to a scow from the giving away of a plank attached to its side, on which he was standing—- the Labor-Law is applicable — res ipsa loquitur.
    In an action brought to recover damages for personal injuries sustained by the plaintiff while working for the defendants upon a scow which was divided into twelve, pockets fifteen feet long and.fourteen feet deep;, separated ¡by. bulkheads, it appeared that a beam fourteen inches square was being placed lengthwise across the middle of each pocket, the ends resting in holes bored in the bulkheads; that while boring the holes and elevating the beams into position the men at either end of the pocket stood upon a platform consisting of two spliced spruce planks from two to three inches thick, resting upon the slanting Sides of the pocket about eight feet from the bottom thereof and fastened at either end by a rope; "that, while the plaintiff and ¡a fellow-workman were attempting to place a. beam in position, the end thereof became jammed against the side of the pocket, and that while they were attempting to push it into its place the platform broke about three feet from the splicing, precipitating the " mén into the bottom of. the pocket and causing" the plaintiff to sustain" the injuries for which he sought to" recover. ’
    It further, appeared that beams frequently became jammed in such a manner as to require extra pressure to place them,in position; that the platforms were . made by a carpenter in the manner directed by the defendants’ foreman; that "the plaintiff, who had been engaged in the work about two months, did not see the platform which broke Until it was in position, and that he liadi. sometimes ..assistedin carrying the planks o.ut of which the platforms were constructed. . 
      Held, that á judgment entered upon a verdict in favor of the plaintiff should be affirmed; ' . . .
    That the .plaintiff was employed'in the repairing or altering of a structure within the meaning of section 18 of the Labor Law (Laws of 1897, chap. 415), and that ’ the platform was a mechanical contrivance-caused to. be furnished or erected by the defendants within the meaning of said section;
    That the breaking of the planks, unexplained,, was sufficient to warrant the submission of the question of the defendants’ negligence to the jury;
    That the question of the plaintiff’s contributory negligence and of his assumption of the risk was one to be decided by the jury; ,
    ■ That, while ¡the plank evidently broke because of the extra strain caused by the , men attempting to push the beam into place, the plaintiff, had a right to assume, in the absence of knowledge to the contrary, that the defendants had made the platform sufficiently strong to withstand such strain.
    Appeal by the defendants, James Hughes andl others^ from a judgment of the Supreme Court in favor of the plaintiff, entered in the office of the clerk of the county of Kings on the 10th day of June, 1904, upon the verdict of a jury for $3,700, and-also from an order entered in said clerk’s office on the 21st day of June, 1904, denying the defendants’ motion for a new trial'made, upon the minutes. - ■
    
      Charles C. Nadal [ William D. Stiger with him on the brief], for the appellants.
    
      Stephen C. Baldwin [Frederick S. Martyn with him on the brief], for the respondent.
   Miller, J.:

The determination of the questions involved in this case depends mainly upon whether section 18 of the Labor Law1 (Laws of 1897, chap. 415) is applicable. The “ structure ” in repairing ” or 9 altering ” which the plaintiff claims to have been employed was a scow divided into twelve pockets fifteen feet long and fourteen feet deep separated by bulkheads ; the alterations or repairs consisted, in placing-a beam fourteen inches ¡square lengthwise across'the middle of each pocket, the ends resting in holes, bored ini the bulkheads. While boring the holes and elevating the beam into position the men at either end of the pocket stood upon a platform consisting of two spliced spruce planks from two to three inches thick resting upon the slanting sides of the: pocket about eight feet from the bottom and fastened at either end by a rope. While the plaintiff and a fellow-workman were attempting to place the beam in position its end became jammed against the side- of the pocket, and while they were attempting to push it into its place, the platform broke about three feet from the splicing, precipitating the men into the bottom of the pocket, causing the injuries of which the plaintiff complains. Beams frequently got “ jammed ” in that manner so as to require extra pressure to place themi in the hole. The plaintiff had been doing this work about two months. These platforms were made by a carpenter in the manner directed by the defendants’ foreman. ■ The plaintiff testified that when he first saw the platform that broke it was in position ; that sometimes he had helped put the planks in; the carpenter who spliced the planks testified that the plaintiff assisted in bringing them to him.

We may start with thé premise that this scow was a structure ' within the meaning of section 18 of the Labor Law, but the learned counsel for the appellants, while not presenting the question in his " brief, urged upon the oral argument that the placing of these beams in the scow was not a repair or alteration within the meaning of the statute, They were to become a permanent part of the structure, and it does not seem to ■ be necessary to indulge in any refinements of reasoning as to what constitutes an alteration, because a t substantial change in the structure itself’ would seem to be an alteration ; this is not a case of the installation of fixtures or machinery. The appellants also insist that the statute does not apply for the additional reason that the platform was furnished by the men themselves and not by the defendants; so far as this proposition involves the effect of the plaintiff’s having provided the platform himself, we need not now consider it, because the jury were warranted in finding from the plaintiff’s evidence that he had had nothing to ’do ■ " with the construction or placing of this platform, and accepting the .evidence of the defendants’ witness to the effect that the plaintiff brought planks to him from which he constructed these platforms, it cannot be said that the mere act of carrying planks, from which Some one else constructed the contrivance, constituted the furnishing or “ erection ” of the contrivance itself; and so far as the appellants’ contention relates to what was done by the plaintiff’s fellow-servants, the argument is based upon a misapprehension of the purpose and •effect of tím Statute. . If the- statute applies oiilytow Casé whéré the máster in fact, furnishes-'and erects’ the Contrivance, ithás not changed the rule at common law as declared n Butler v. Townsend (126 N. Y. 105) ; (lie purpose of the statute was to impose an absolute ditty on the "master which could not be delegated. -(Stewart v. Ferguson, l64 N. Y. 553; Holloway v. Mc Williams, 97 App. Div. 360.) Wé áre of the opinion that within the meaning of the statute the plaintiff Was employed in the repairing of altering of a structure, and that the ‘platform was- a mechanical contrivance caused to be f urnished or erected by the defendants.- " "These- conclusions are not in conflict-with Schapp v. Bloomer (181 N. Y. 125) or Wingert v. Krakauer (92 App. Div. 223), which were cases where-the contrivance was greeted to facilitate the installation of machinery or-fixtures.

Ho point is made but that the breaking of’ the plank, unexplained, Was’-sufficient to Warrant" the" submission of "the question of deferidants’ negligence to the jury. (See Tierney v. Vunck, 97 App. Div. 1.) - The question of plaintiffs contributory iiegligenCe was jiropérly submitted, ’ and it -'cannot" be said- as matter of law that he assumed the- risk;- the plank evidently broke because of the extra strain caused by the men'attempting to push .the beam into place, but the plaintiff had a right to assume that the master had made the- platfonn safe, suitable and proper to stand the strain tó which it was frequently subjected in the hoisting of the beams; he undoubtedly knew that the platform consisted simply of the two planks spliced together, but there is no evidence that he knew how much Weight they would sustain; the situation was not so obvious that he was bound to know, considering his- right to rely Upon the assumption that the master had discharged Ms duty, and the question could not, ' therefore, be" disposed of as one of law. (McLaughlin v. Eidlitz, 50 App. Div. 518; Jenks v. Thompson, 179 N. Y. 20.)

The exceptions to the charge and refusals to charge "do not require further discussion. Heading "the charge as a whole, it is clear that the Case was- fairly submitted tp the jury in’ accordance with the conclusions already; stated', and" so far as a contrary meaning is sought to’ bé" placed upon isolated sentences, it is süffi’ciént to say • that such Construction is not warranted by the context, and that the jury could not have understood that any rule of law was applicable to the case not in harmony with the principles controlling tis in this decision. We cannot say that the yerdict was excessive, and the judgment and order must, therefore, be affirmed, with costs.

Present — Hirsohbbrg, P. J., Bartlett, Jenks, Rich and Miller, J J.

Judgment and order unanimously affirmed, with costs.  