
    The People of the State of New York ex rel. Hans Rees’ Sons, Relator, v. Nathan L. Miller, as Comptroller of the State of New York, Respondent.
    
      Tax — assessment of the capital employed by a domestic corporation within the State of New York, how made.
    
    A domestic corporation was organized October 10, 1901, with a capital stock of §500,000. Five shares of its capital stock, of the par value of §100 each, were then subscribed for and sold. No more stock was sold nor business done by the corporation until June 2, 1902, when the corporation purchased a tannery and other property, and issued all the remainder of its capital stock in payment for the same.
    The chief business of the corporation was tanning, and selling leather, and its tannery and a large part of its property was situated in North Carolina. It also operated a tannery in Virginia. Its office, however, and the place where it conducted its business was in New York city, and it manufactured some leather there.
    During the last five months of the fiscal year ending October 31, 1902, its gross assets amounted to §850,348.36, and its liabilities amounted to $350,000. Of its gross assets §273,552.32 were employed in the State of New York. This item did not include certain bills receivable which were due for leather made at tanneries outside of the State of New York and sold to parties residing without the State of New York, and which had never been within the State.
    
      Held, that the bills receivable did not constitute capital employed within the State of New York;
    That as it appeared that during the first seven months of the fiscal year ending October 31, 1902, namely, until June 2, 1902, the only capital of the corporation was §500, none of which was employed in the corporation’s business, it should be assumed that only five-twelfths of the gross assets were carried by the corporation during the entire fiscal year;
    That the franchise tax levied on the corporation for the year 1902 should be determined in the following manner: The total liabilities should be deducted from the gross assets, leaving §500,348.36 as the actual value of its 'capital stock, it appearing that the corporation had not declared any dividend and that there had been no sales of its stock; that the gross assets employed in the State of New York being .3216 of the entire amount of the gross assets, that proportion of the gross assets, viz., of $500,348.36, would give the value of so much of the capital stock as was employed in the State of New York, to wit, the sum of $160,911.11; that as the latter sum was actually employed only five months of the year, five-twelfths of that sum, to wit, §67,056.60, was the sum upon which the tax should be computed;
    That the corporation was not entitled to have deducted from its gross assets of §850,348.36, its total liabilities of §350,000,.and to have deducted from the resulting net assets, of §500,348.36 the amount of its capital employed outside the. State of' New York, viz., $561,394.71, which would leave no assets or capital whatever to be taxed within the State of New York.
    Certiorari issued out of the Supreme Court and attested on the 29th day of August, 1903, directed to Nathan L. Miller, as Comptroller of the State of New York, requiring him to certify and return to the office of the clerk of the county of Albany all and singular liis proceedings had in assessing a tax against the relator for the year ending October 31, 1902, under chapter 908 of the Laws of 1896 and acts amendatory thereof.
    
      Louis H. Porter, for the relator.
    
      John Cuneen, Attorney-General, and William H. Wood, for the respondent.
   Parker, P. J.:

The relator is a domestic corporation with a capital stock of $500,000. It was organized October 10, 1901, and five shares of its stock of $100 each were then subscribed for and sold. No more stock was sold, nor business done by said corporation until June 2, 1902, when the corporation purchased a tannery and other property from one Rees, and issued all the remainder of its stock to pay for the same. From that time forth it has been actually engaged in business. Its chief business is tanning and selling leather, and its tannery and a large part of its property is situated in North Carolina. It runs another small tanneiy in Virginia. Its office, however, and the place where it conducts its business is in New York city, and it also manufactures some leather there.

It appears from the record before us that on October 31, 1902, its gross assets amounted to $850,348.36 and its liabilities amounted to $350,000. Of its gross assets $273,552.32 were employed in this State. This item does not include certain bills receivable, amounting to $15,401.33, which were due for leather made at tanneries out of the State and sold to parties residing out of the State, and which had never been within this State.

No dividend has ever been made by the company, nor have any sales of its stock been made during the year.

The Comptroller, after the annual report of the company was filed, made an assessment under sections 182 and 190 of the Tax Law (Laws of 1896, chap. 908, as amd. by Laws of 1901, chap. 558), for the year ending October 31, 1902, appraising the value of its capital stock employed' within this State at $172,500, and fixed the amount of the tax at $258.75. The company asked for a rehearing, and after evidence was taken, the' Comptroller revised the assessment and fixed the appraised value of the capital stock employed in this State at $102,500 and the tax thereon at $153.75.

The relator claims that no tax whatever should have been assessed against it.; but that if it is liable to pay any, the Comptroller has fixed it at much too high an amount.

The case comes here upon a certiorari to review such decision of the Comptroller.

Several assignments of error are presented by the relator. First. The Comptroller claimed that ,the item of $15,401.33, viz., bills receivable for merchandise sold out of the State, and which never came within the State, were nevertheless capital employed within this State, and estimated the tax upon that basis.

I am of the opinion that the decision of the Comptroller in that respect was erroneous. Although the contract of sale may have been made at their office in this State, the property itself never was in this State, nor does anything representing it come within this State until the- purchase price is paid and received in this State. It seems to me that such property is no more employed in this State than is the tannery itself located in North Carolina. The fact that a bill is made out against the purchaser-, and possibly filed and entered in a book in the office of the company at .New York city, does not' bring the capital, or the assets represented by such bill, into this State. In this particular I think the assessment should be corrected.

Second. It is claimed that from the tiine of the organization of the company in October, 1901, until June 2, 1902, it possessed no capital, except, ‘lie $500 derived from the sale of the five shares of stock needed to effect its organization, and employed none, in this State, nor anywhere else; and that in estimating the amount of capital stock employed in this State as a basis for the tax the; average amount used during the entire fiscal year, only, should be taken. That is, that the tax being an annual one, the capital stock appraised should be apportioned throughout the entire year.

It is conceded that the company had no property, save the $500, and did no business during the first seven months of the year. That during the last five months it had the full sum of $850,348.36 as its gross assets, and that $273,552.32 were employed within this State; and within the principle laid down in People ex rel. Brooklyn Rapid Transit Co. v. Morgan (57 App. Div. 335 ; affd., 168 N. Y. 672) I am of the opinion that the relator’s claim is a correct one. In that view the estimate should assume that five-twelfths only «of the assets above given were carried by the company through the entire year.

The further claim is made by the relator that, in ascertaining the amount of capital stock employed in this State, there should be first deducted from the gross amount of assets employed by the company, viz., $850,348.36, the total liabilities, viz., $350,000. which would leave net assets to the amount of $500,348.36, and that there should then be deducted therefrom the amount of its assets or capital employed without the States viz., $561,394.71, in order to ascertain the amount of capital employed within this State,

Manifestly, since the debts exceed the assets -employed in this State, such method would leave no assets or capital whatever to be taxed within this State.

In my opinion such a method would not meet the requirement of the statute. It results in charging against the assets employed in .this State the whole indebtedness of the company. And this is claimed to be the correct method on the theory that the amount of ' the ‘company’s indebtedness should be deducted from the amount of its taxable property in the place of its domicile and where the tax is sought to be enforced. And the principle of the rule held in People ex rel. Thurber, Whyland Co. v. Barker (141 N. Y. 118) is invoked to sustain this claim.

In that case the court was dealing with the subject of direct taxation upon a non-resident company’s personal property. In this case no taxation upon the property in question is intended. A tax is to be levied upon the company’s franchise, and the statute prescribes a method by which the amount of such tax shall be ascertained. In a case where no dividends whatever have been paid, and where no sales of stock have been made, the direction is to appraise the value of the capital stock employed within this State and levy a tax of one and one-half mills thereon. (§§ 182, 190, as amd. supra.)

The method of fixing the value of the capital stock in these cases has been frequently pointed out. (People ex rel. Wiebusch & Hilger Co. v. Roberts, 19 App. Div. 574.; affd., 154 N. Y. 101.) From the value of all its assets, deduct its liabilities, and add to the remainder the value of its good will, unless, as in this case, it has already been included in the value of its assets, and such proportion of that sum as is employed in this State is the sum on which the tax is to be levied. Evidently that sum represents the value of its capital stock employed in this State and upon which the statute (§ 182, as amd., supra) directs that the tax of one and one-half mills on the dollar shall be levied.

Applying such rule to this case, the total assets or property used by the corporation was $850,348.36, the total liabilities were $350,000, leaving the net assets, or the actual value of all its property, at $500,348.36; and this being a case where there were no dividends and no sales of its capital stock, it represents the actual value of its capital stock. It appears from the record that the proportion of the gross assets which was employed in this State was .3216 of the whole amount, and, hence, that proportion of the actual value of its whole capital stock, viz., of $500,348.36, will give the value of so much thereof as is employed in this State, viz., the sum of $160,911.91.

But this amount was actually employed only five months of the year, and inasmuch as only such sum should form the basis of taxation under section 182 (supra) as represents the amount employed through the whole year, only five-twelfths of that sum, viz., $67,056.60, is the sum upon which the tax in this case should be computed. One and one-half mills upon $67,056.60 gives a tax of $100.58, and such, I conclude, should have been the tax which the Comptroller should have assessed in this case.

All concurred.

Determination of the Comptroller modified as per opinion, and as so modified confirmed with fifty dollars costs and disbursements to the relator.  