
    EBERHARD MANUF’G CO. v. ELBEL et al.
    (Circuit Court, N. D. Ohio, E. D.
    August 8, 1893.)
    No. 5,009.
    Patents—Anticipation—Harness Trimmings.
    The Zeller patent, No. 207,791, for a.n improvement in harness trimmings, is not anticipated by the Hinman patent of February 25, 1868, or the Zeller patent of September 15, 1874.
    Suit by tho Eberhard Manufacturing Company against Elbel & Co.
    Decree for complainant.
    Thos. W. Bake well and E. A. Angelí, for complainant. •
    M. D. Leggett and Chas. R. Miller, for respondents.
   RICKS, District Judge.

The bill is filed for infringement of letters patent No. 207,791, granted on September 3,1879, to Melancthon E. Zeller, for an improvement in harness trimmings. The complain ant has given to the public a very simple device, which combines several elements that are all calculated to make it acceptable and useful. Though it presents no single element evincing great invention, it combines several new features, which, taken together, make it a successful device, which has rapidly won its place among articles ot useful manufacture. It is easily and cheaply made, so designed and constructed as f.o be easily put together. Each part performs the function claimed for it, and when put into use it is superior to any other article made or designed for the same purpose. It can be made and sold separately, can be readily attached to any kind of harness, and it fulfills the uses for which it was designed. In it the patenteedeveloped as to its leading features that “last step” which completes invention, and makes the device a success. This is particularly striking in comparing the device of the patent in suit with the device of the same patentee in. the patent, designated “the Zeller patent of 1871.” That, device was practically inoperative, both because of tin* expense and difficulties connected with its manufacture, and more particularly because the falling hook, which was designed to receive the check rein, had such a long vertical end projecting through the elevated plate or passage that when the strain on the check rein was lessened so as to permit the hook to slip back, or to force it back towards ox- over ike crupper loop, the ring, instead of falling easily and surely, would catch and remain rigid. One of the principal features claimed for the hook so constructed was that it would readily fall and prevent its destruction in case the horse or mule should fall or roll with the harness on it; so that for the chief advantage claimed it was inoperative. The chief defense against this patent is that it was anticipated by the manufacture and sale of various articles of common use by nine prior United Kiates patents. The two chieily relied upon as showing an anticipation are those of J. W. Hinman, February 25, 3808, and of M. E. Zeller, of September 35, 1874, just referred to. The Hinman patent, while it involves the drop hook and drop ring in a device intended for an entirely different use, did not disclose those uses in a way to make them any more conspicuous than had been done in other devices in which they had been previously employed, or than would suggest such use in a drop hook such' as used in complainant’s patent. I do not, therefore, think that the Hinman patent was an anticipation. For the reasons stated before, I do not think the earlier Zeller patent is an anticipation. It is intimated in brief of defendant’s counsel that the claim in the earlier patent, abandoned by Zeller, viz.: “A harness finding consisting of the plate, A, upon which is formed the elevation, a, having an eye or passage, A' to receive a terret or ring, a hook, or other harness attachment, substantially as and for'the purpose set forth,” —is substantially the same as the claims of the later patent, and should estop him from setting up the same in his present suit. The essence of the later invention is that the parts are cast separately, and so made as to be easily and cheaply made and put together, and, when so combined, to furnish a stronger and more satisfactory product. All this is accomplished. And there is no ground for estoppel on the plea that the former claim abandoned is the same device. The defendant has not seen fit to use any of the devices set out in the nine patents pleaded. It has, however, patterned the article it manufactures exactly from that of complainant. It has done this after correspondence, and with full information as to complainant’s claims. The hook is a clear infringement of the first and third claims of the patent, and the terret is of the second claim. The complainant is entitled to a decree sustaining its patent, finding infringement, and for an accounting.  