
    In the Matter of the Application of Lorenzo Giuseppe Maggio, for Admission as an Attorney.
    
      Admission to the lar—refused to an Italian on proof of three yecu's’ good standing as an attorney in the higher courts of Italy.
    
    An application for admission, as an attorney, of an Italian of good character, a naturalized citizen of the United States, who has been for more than three years an' attorney of good standing in the higher courts of the kingdom of Italy, it was considered should be denied, for the reason that the jurisprudence of the State of New York is based upon the State and Federal Constitutions, interpreted in accordance with the principles of the common law, while that of Italy rests upon the Civil Code of the Roman Empire, modified by the customs, statutes and judicial decisions of that country, and that consequently there is no presumption that an Italian attorney is sufficiently familiar with our laws properly to advise clients in respect thereto.
   Per Curiam:

It appears from the papers presented that Mr. Maggio is a naturalized citizen of the United States, born in Italy, and that for more than three years he was an attorney of the higher courts in that kingdom, practicing his profession at Palermo. He presents the usual and necessary proof of these facts and of his good standing at the bar of that country, and also of his good character. In all these technical matters his papers comply with the rule which authorizes this court, in its discretion, to admit to practice at the bar of this State, as attorneys, gentlemen who have practiced their profession for a certain length of time in foreign countries.

It has been for nearly a quarter of a century the endeavor to raise the standard of learning required of persons who seek to practice the profession of law in this State. The object of this effort has been not alone to elevate the profession, but quite as much to assure to all who have occasion to consult lawyers that the person who is authorized to hold himself out as an attorney is competent to give advice. Indeed the latter is, to the great body of the community, the more important of the two objects. The requirement that any one applying to be admitted as- an attorney, who has practiced his profession in a foreign country, shall have been at the bar of that country for a certain length of time, is intended- to operate the same direction. When the practitioner comes from a foreign 'State whose system of law is analogous to our own, we may fairly ¿assume that, after he has resided here long enough to become eligible in other respects to be admitted to our bar, he has an acquaintance with our system of jurisprudence and.our laws as: will render him a safe counsel to those clients who apply to him. But, as is well known, our system differs greatly from the law which is administered in the country whence this applicant comes. . It is quite true that ¿as to all the rules of law which are based upon the broad principles <of natural right and equity, there can be no difference between the 3aws of any two civilized communitiesbut the knowledge which is .requisite to enable one safely to advise his client requires not only a ^knowledge of those broad principles of law which are common to all «systems, but an intimate acquaintance with the peculiar rules which Jiave grown out of the customs of a particular country and which have been established by the provisions of its statutes. The foundation of the law of Italy is the Civil Code of the Roman Empire, altered by the customs and statutes of the various states now composing that kingdom and again changed by the statutes of the kingdom itself and by the construction of' its courts. The jurisprudence of this State, based as it is upon the Constitutions of the United States and of this State, interpreted according to the principles of the common law, has in all these respects nothing common to the law -of .Italy, and one may be a. learned counselor in the laws of that •country and still by no means be competent to give intelligent •advice to clients whose affairs are to bé controlled by the system established in the State of Hew York.

We think, therefore, that it would not be a wise exercise of the •«discretion which the law has vested in us, to assume that this genfleman, however learned he may be in the laws of his own country, "3s fitted to assume the position of attorney, to give advice to clients upon the laws of this State; and,, therefore, the application must be •«denied..

Present — Van Brunt, P. J., Barrett, Rumsey, Ingraham and "■McLaughlin", JJ.

Application denied. ■  