
    SANDERS v. ST. LOUIS SOUTHWESTERN RY. CO. OF TEXAS.
    (Court of Civil Appeals of Texas.
    March 4, 1911.)
    1. Evidence (§ 157) — Best Evidence — Absence of Pact from Record.
    Evidence by a witness who had examined a record that a certain fact was not there recorded is not inadmissible on the ground that the record is the best evidence.
    [Ed. Note. — For other cases, see Evidence, Cent. Dig. § 462; Dec. Dig. § 157.]
    2. Appeal and Error (§ 1'050) — Harmless Error — Admission of Evidence.
    Erroneous admission of evidence over objection is harmless, where similar evidence is received from other witnesses without objection.
    [Ed. Note. — For other cases,_ see Appeal and Error, Cent. Dig. §§ 4Í53-4160; Dec. Dig. § 1050.]
    3. Trial (§ 256) — Injury to Servant — Instructions.
    In an action for injuries to a railroad employe from a defective stirrup on a freight car, the court charged that, if the company had competent car inspectors and they had prior to the time of the injury inspected the cars, including the one on which plaintiff was injured, in such manner as car inspectors of ordinary prudence would have done under the circumstances, and failed to find the defective condition of the stirrup, then the finding should be for defendant. Held, that the charge was not erroneous for failing to require that such inspection should have been within a reasonable time before the accident, in the absence of a request for a more specific charge.
    [Ed. Note. — For other cases, see Trial, Cent. Dig. §§ 628-641; Dec. Dig. § 256.]
    4. Trial (§ 228) — Instructions—Form and Requisites.
    Where the court might properly have included three separate facts, each of which would warrant a verdict for the defense, in one instruction and have charged that a finding of either would call for a verdict for defendant, the fact that each was made the basis of a separate instruction is not error.
    [Ed. Note. — For other cases, see Trial, Cent. Dig. §§ 509-512; Dec. Dig. § 228.]
    Appeal from District Court, Hunt County; T. D. Montrose, Judge.
    Action by A. A. Sanders against the St. Louis Southwestern Railway Company of Texas. From a judgment for defendant, plaintiff appeals.
    Affirmed.
    Sherrill, Mulkey & Hamilton, for appellant. E. B. Perkins and B. F. Crosby, for appellee.
    
      
      For other oases see same topic and section NUMBER in Dec. Dig. & Am. Dig. Key No. Series & Rep’r Indexes
    
   RAINEY, C. J.

Appellant sued the appel-lee to recover for personal injuries occasioned through the negligence of appellee in failing to keep a stirrup attached to a freight car properly fastened, by which appellant was injured while in the discharge of his duties as employé of appellee. Appellee pleaded the general issue, and specially that if plaintiff was injured such injury was trivial, and that he failed to treat and care for same, and that said injury was aggravated by plaintiff’s neglect of same, etc. A trial resulted in a verdict and judgment for the-appellee, and appellant appeals.

On the trial the appellant testified as follows: That he lived at Commerce, Tex., and. “was working for the St. Louis Southwestern Railway Company of Texas in its yards at Commerce as yard director. My duties were to look after the yards and make up. trains when there was an order. What I mean by making up the trains is to shift the cars from one track to another, and make them up and put them into a train to turn over to the conductor, and the conductor takes the train out of town to its destination. My duties were to direct the movement of those cars, in order to make up the train, and do everything necessary in making up a train; get on and ride the cars and get the numbers of the cars when necessary. In climbing upon the cars to ride them, I would catch hold of the ladder and step up on the stirrup — the car has a stirrup-on each corner underneath; the stirrup is placed there to support the foot, in order to get up on this ladder, and the ladder is made of what we call ‘grabirons’; we use-the ‘grabirons’ to hold to. You put your foot in the stirrup when you go to get on the car — grab the ladder, and put your foot in the stirrup at the same time. At the time-I was yard director there, I was also deputy’ city marshal. At the time I was hurt, I was= making this train up, and started from one-track to another with, I think, five or six cars, and when they started ahead I was-thinking I didn’t have enough ears and looked at the list; so I went to get on a car and ride up to the switch, and be sure that I did have enough, and see if the numbers-were all right. And when I went to get on the car, I grabbed hold of this ladder and. went to jump on the cars as I usually did. The stirrup being loose, my foot slipped through and scraped one side of my shin, bone. That stirrup was loose; by being loose I mean there was lost motion in the-bolts. The reason I know it was loose, after-I hurt myself I kicked it, and seen that it was; my foot went right through the stirrup; my foot remained in through that stirrup long enough for me to pull myself out by the handholds. I guess I had gone a car’s: length before I jumped off the car; went about a car’s length with my foot through-the stirrup, and by that time I got out and stepped on the ground. I just kicked at the stirrup, it made me so mad, and I swore at it; and it was by that means I discovered it was loose. I made some examination of my leg; that is, I looked at it, and found about three or four inches of skin knocked off, right here [indicating] on the shin bone ; and I put my pants down and went on making up the train and never bothered it any more until the next morning, and put some vaseline on it. That place has healed over, but it has not been entirely well from that time until now; the first hurt was right on this edge of the hone, here [indicating]. This accident occurred about the latter part of February last year, and X continued to work on this leg there in the yards until the 22d day of May. Since that time, about three months, I had a restaurant in Mt. Pleasant, an,d sold it. I have worked some as deputy sheriff at Mt. Pleasant since then; I run the restaurant for about three months, or nearly three months. My leg does not hurt me to walk on it, unless I walk all day, and then it hurts me so bad I have to quit, and I cannot stand on it all day. Dr. Broad-street has treated my leg off and on since May; he lives at Mt. Pleasant.”

On the trial, after the witness Self, a car Inspector’s helper, had testified that his foreman had kept a record of the conditions of the cars inspected by them during the month of February, 1909, and that he had been present and saw said foreman examine said record, and was looking at said record himself at the same time, defendant’s counsel then asked him, ‘‘Did you find, or are you able to say now, after looking over the record, whether or not any stirrup was out of order on that ear that you inspected along through February of last year?” — which he answered as follows: “Why, at the first of the month, there was not. ■ I failed to find all through the month — hut along through the month I failed to find any record of any stirrup being out of order.” Appellant objected to said testimony on the ground that the record itself was the best evidence. There was no error in admitting the evidence. It was of a negative character, and under the circumstances parol evidence Is admissible as primary proof. 17 Cyc. 499. Again, like proof by other witnesses was introduced without objection, and if the admission of the testimony complained of was error its admission was harmless.

The second assignment of error complains of the giving of defendant’s special charge No. 2, which reads as follows: “If you believe from the evidence that plaintiff was injured, and that he was injured at the time and place and in the manner alleged in the petition, yet if you further believe from the evidence that at the time and before such injuries were received the defendant had and kept in its yards at Commerce competent car inspectors to inspect the ears at Commerce, and that such car inspectors had, .prior to the time of the alleged injury, inspected the ears then in defendant’s yards at Commerce, including the car upon which the plaintiff was injured, if he was injured, in such manner and way as car inspectors of ordinary prudence would have inspected the same under the circumstances, and failed to discover the -defective condition of the stirrup, if it was defective, then and in that event you. will find for the defendant.” The criticism of said charge is that the court- told the jury that if the inspection was made “prior to the-time of the alleged injury,” etc., without limiting the inspection to a reasonable time immediately before the accident. The evidence fails to show the exact date the accident happened. Appellant did not remember, but thought it was near the middle of February,. 1909. There was testimony relating to inspection from the first until the middle of said' month, and all the evidence on this-branch of the inquiry was in regard to this-accident. The court confined the inquiry to the time of such inspection as ordinarily prudent persons would have made under the-circumstances, and he left it to the jury to-determine whether a proper inspection had been made. The charge was correct, and if appellant desired a more specific one a special charge shbuld have been requested. The-assignment is not well taken.

Appellant’s third, fourth, and fifth assignments of error complain of the giving of three special charges requested by appellee. These charges embrace, respectively, a certain fact, each different from the other, and the jury were told if they believed such facts to find for defendant. The defendant pleaded as a defense the negligence of appellant in the aggravation of the injury alleged to have been sustained. The issue of aggravation was raised by the evidence, and defendant was entitled to have said issue submitted to the jury. The objection is urged that the charge was on the weight of the evidence, and singled out certain portions of the testimony, thereby impressing the jury with the idea that the court believed them to be true. We think the facts embraced in the three charges could have been grouped disjunctively in one charge, as each fact stated would have constituted a proper basis for the jury’s verdict, and such charge would have been in strict accord with the law. This course would probably have saved any room for criticism. But we think no reversible error was committed, and the assignments are overruled.

The jury were warranted, from the evidence, in believing that defendant was not guilty of negligence, that the appellant was not injured by reason of a defective stirrup, and we see no good reason for disturbing the verdict.

The judgment is affirmed.  