
    The People of the State of New York ex rel. Isidor Weiss, Respondent, v. Philip Bernstein Sick and Benefit Society, Appellant.
    First Department,
    April 3, 1914.
    Membership corporations — illegal expulsion of member — mandamus to compel reinstatement — effect of prior suspension from membership — tender of dues with refusal to pay for tickets for entertainment — prior denial of application for mandamus — laches.
    Although a member of a mutual benefit society incorporated under the Membership Corporations Law has been suspended for three years for misconduct, and although a writ of mandamus to compel his reinstatement on account of such suspension has been refused by the court, there is no bar to a subsequent application for a reinstatement by mandamus where he was subsequently expelled for an alleged failure to pay dues.
    Mandamus lies to annul the complete expulsion, and he maybe reinstated, subject, however, to the prior suspension, so that his interest in the death benefits of the society may not be forfeited.
    Although the constitution of such society • provides that a member may file a written appeal from a decision of the society, which the president shall read at the next meeting, and if the majority are of the opinion that an injustice has been done, or that the decision is contrary to the constitution, the matter may be taken up de novo, a member who has been expelled is not limited to such remedy within the society itself, but may invoke the writ of mandamus to compel his restoration to membership.
    An application for a writ of mandamus for the purposes aforesaid is not barred where an application for a prior writ for the same purpose was dismissed “without prejudice” and there was no decision upon the merits.
    The denials of applications for reinstatement to the public service upon the grounds of laches are not applicable under the circuía stances aforesaid; but the writ may be granted if, in the discretion of the court, the facts justify the application within the time limited for the commencement of an action to recover money.
    Where it appears that the relator, having tendered the dues owing to the society, was expelled because he would not also pay for “picnic tickets” which he had not received, and for which he was under no constitutional obligation to pay, he makes out a prima facie case of illegal expulsion, and an alternative writ of mandamus should issue.
    Appeal by the defendant, Philip Bernstein Sick and Benefit Society, from an order of the Supreme Court, made at the New York Special Term and entered in the office of the clerk of the county of New York on the 18th day of November, 1913, granting relator’s motion for an alternative writ of mandamus requiring appellant to reinstate relator to membership in its society, or to show cause why the command of the writ should not be obeyed and to make return pursuant to law.
    
      Joseph P. Segal, for the appellant.
    
      Benjamin Berger, for the respondent.
   Laughlin, J.:

The respondent is a domestic membership .corporation, consisting of more than seven members, having been incorporated on or about the 12th day of November, 1893. The moving papers show that the relator has been a member of the society for more than nine years; that on the 8th day of July, 1912, he Was expelled on the ground that he had failed to pay*his dues; that pursuant to the constitution and by-laws as they existed at the time in question, each member was required to pay quarterly dues of three dollars, and the last day for the payment of his current dues was June 24, 1912, and the time when, by virtue of the constitution and by-laws, a member might be expelled for non-payment of those dues was the 8th of July, 1912; that on or about the 20th day of May, 1912, he received a notice from the society calling for the payment of his said quarterly dues of three dollars and two dollars for “picnic tickets,” and that on or about that day he caused to be tendered to the financial secretary of the society, who was authorized by the constitution and by-laws to receive dues, the amount of his dues in cash, and again at the meeting of the society on the 8th day of July, 1912, before his expulsion, he caused the amount of his dues, together with twelve cents in addition for the cost of notice to him by registered mail, to be tendered to said secretary, and the tender was refused on the ground that the amount was insufficient and that he should have tendered two dollars more for picnic tickets; that there was noA provision of the constitution or by-laws authorizing the assessment on members for picnic tickets, and that he had no notice of any meeting of the society at which action was taken purporting to authorize the same, nor did he receive any picnic tickets for which the two dollars was charged; and that the members of the respondent society are entitled to financial aid in a fixed amount in case of illness, and that it pays a fixed endowment on the death of a member.

It appears by the-papers read in opposition to the motion that pursuant to charges of misconduct filed againsfc the relator on the 13th day of November, 1911, he was suspended from attending meetings of the organization for the period of three years, but not otherwise deprived of the benefits of his membership in the organization; and that an application for a writ of mandamus to compel his reinstatement on account of such suspension was refused on the 6th day of May, 1912. Manifestly that is no bar to this proceeding, which is for restoration from the complete expulsion under which all his rights as a member would be forfeited. If he should succeed in this proceeding his reinstatement would be subject to the suspension which is not sought to be reviewed.

The claim is also made that he had a complete remedy within the society, which he did not invoke. This is based upon a by-law, which reads as follows: “That when a member is against the decision of the society and desires to appeal he must so announce at the same meeting, and at the next meeting file a written appeal which the president shall cause to be read before the meeting, and if the majority are of the opinion that an injustice was done to the member, or that the decision is contrary to the constitution the matter shall be taken up de novo.” I am of opinion that that by-law is not applicable to an expulsion for non-payment of dues, which under the constitution results from the non-payment of such dues, without a formal vote of the society.

It is further claimed that this proceeding is barred by a former proceeding for a writ of mandamus for the same relief. The relator applied for a writ of mandamus on the 23d day of August, 1912, and an alternative writ was issued thereon October 8, 1912, and the respondent filed a return thereto. The matter came on for a hearing in Trial Term, Part Two, on the 3d day of February, 1913; and through an oversight only part of the issues of fact were tried. When application was made to the Special Term on the findings made on the trial before the court and jury and it was brought to the attention of the court that the issues of fact had not all been determined, the court, instead of ordering the proceeding back to the Trial Term as it might have done, and as we think would have been the better practice, directed that the proceeding be dismissed without prejudice,” and a formal order to that effect was entered on the 12th day of May, 1913. This proceeding was not instituted until the 14th day of October, 1913. The first proceeding was not decided upon the merits, and is no bar to the relief now sought.

It is finally claimed that the relator is guilty of laches in not having promptly renewed his application after the termination of the former proceeding. In applications for reinstatement in the public service, where if the relief be granted the public will sustain a financial loss incident to the payment of salary for which no services were rendered, or for services for which compensation has been paid to another, the courts, having discretion to grant or refuse relief by mandamus, by analogy to the statutory rule of limitation with respect to instituting a certiorari proceeding, refuse to grant relief by mandamus after the lapse of four months, unless the delay has been satisfactorily explained (People ex rel. Gas Light Co. v. Common Council, 78 N. Y. 56; People ex rel. Miller v. Justices, etc., 78 Hun, 334; People ex rel. Collins v. Ahearn, 120 App. Div. 95; People ex rel. McDonald v. Lantry, 48 id. 131; People ex rel. Young v. Collis, 6 id. 467); but where the application for a mandamus is to compel the payment of salary or money, this rule has not been strictly applied, but the writ may be granted if in the discretion of the court the facts justify the application within the time limited for the commencement of an action to recover the money. (People ex rel. Byrne v. French, 12 Abb. N. C. 156; People ex rel. Sheridan v. French, 31 Hun, 617; People ex rel. Millard v. Chapin, 104 N. Y. 96; People ex rel. Gas Light Co. v. Common Council, supra.) The relator presents a prima facie case of illegal expulsion for non-payment of dues duly tendered. It appears presumptively that he was under no legal obligation to pay for the picnic tickets, and that he could not lawfully be assessed therefor or expelled for the non-payment thereof, as for the non-payment of an assessment. These matters having been put in issue but not conclusively met by the answering affidavit, a proper case is presented for an alternative writ.

It follows, therefore, that the order should be affirmed, with ten dollars costs and disbursements.

Ingraham, P. J., McLaughlin, Clarke and Scott, JJ., concurred.

Order affirmed, with ten dollars costs and disbursements.  