
    Case No. 16,256.
    UNITED STATES v. SEVENTEEN PACKAGES, ETC.
    [2 Am. Law Rev. 785.]
    District Court, E. D. Texas.
    March Term, 1868.
    Duties Paid to the Confederate Government.
    [Payment of duties on goods imported at a place entirely in control of the insurrectionary power during the war of the Rebellion was not a discharge of the duties. The acknowledgment of belligerent rights did not make the rebel power a government, either de jure or de facto.]
    [In this case, decided at the March term, 1868," the. goods were imported into Brownsville in 1864. The claimant, Juan Rico, paid the duties to the Confederate authorities, the then only existing and de facto government at the place of import, and claimed that such payment was a satisfaction of all liability for duties, and the government of the United States could not rightfully set up any claim for duties; and relied upon the case of U. S. v. Rice, 4 Wheat [17 U. S.] 246, better known as the Castine Case, and the rulings of the treasury department in support of his view.
    The United States district attorney, D..J. Baldwin, denied the applicability of the Cas-tine Case to the one at bar, and contended, that by the statutes of the United States, as well as by the law of nations, the goods were liable.
   THE COURT

(WATRÓUS, District Judge) held, that payment of the duties to the rebel authorities was no satisfaction; that the rebel power was not a government at all, neither de jure nor de facto; that it was a belligerent' power, but not a sovereign authority, state, or nation; and that the acknowledgment of belligerent rights was only made in the interests of a common civilization and humanity to take the rebels out of the category of pirates, &e., and subject them to the treatment accorded to prisoners of war by civilized nations.  