
    Sixth-Ave. R. Co. v. Mayor, Etc., of City of New York.
    
      (Supreme Court, General Term, First Department.
    
    February 18, 1892.)
    Municipal Corporations—Public Improvements—Vacating Assessments.
    Under Laws 1882, c. 410, (Consolidation Act, § 891,) providing that no suit shall be commenced to vacate an assessment, or to remove a cloud on title by reason thereof, and confining property owners to the remedies provided by the act, an action cannot be maintained to have an assessment adjudged not to be a lien, and to restrain proceedings to enforce the same.
    Appeal from special term, New York county.
    Action by the Sixth-Avenue Railroad Company against the mayor, aider-men, and commonalty of the city of New York to have an assessment declared not a lien upon plaintiff’s property, and to restrain proceedings to enforce or collect the same. Defendant appeals from an order continuing an injunction.
    Reversed.
    Argued before Van Brunt, P. J., and Lawrence and O’Brien, JJ.
    
      William H. Clarlt, (George L. Sterling, of counsel,) for appellant. Bur-rill, ZdbrisTtie & Burrill, (John E. Burrill and J. Archibald Murray, of counsel,) for respondent.
   Lawrence, J.

In his complaint the plaintiff demands judgment that a certain assessment may be adjudged not to be a lien on the railroad of the plaintiff, or any part thereof, and that defendant, and its officers and agents, etc., be enjoined and- restrained from selling, or taking any proceedings to sell, said railroad, or any of its railroad tracks, etc., for the non-payment of said alleged assessment, and from taking any proceedings to enforce or collect the same, and from making any lease of said railroad, or any part thereof, and that the comptroller and collector of assessments and clerk of arrears be restrained and enjoined, as aforesaid, during the pendency of this action. The preliminary injunction which was granted at the special term was subsequently continued after hearing, and from the order entered upon the decision in the plaintiff’s favor this appeal is .taken. The assessment referred to in the moving papers was for the paving of a portion of Sixth avenue between Carmine street and Forty-Second street, which was confirmed as far back as December 21, 1860; and it appears by the affidavit of Mr. Campbell, read in opposition to the motion, that in a previous action between these parties, in which judgment was rendered on the 17th of June, 1885, it was adjudged, among other things, that the said assessment was dulyconfirmed, and that the same had not been paid, and that the plaintiff had no cause of action against the defendant, and that the complaint should be dismissed upon the merits, with costs. That action was brought, as appears from the complaint, which forms a part of the answering papers to this motion, for the express purpose of having the assessment above referred to vacated and set aside", and the cloud upon its title removed, and that the assessment be adjudged to be no lien on the plaintiff’s railroad, franchises, and interest in the realty. It was long ago held that, where proceedings upon an assessment are void upon their face, the court of chancery has no jurisdiction to interfere and set aside the assessment, or to restrain the corporation from proceeding to sell the land assessed,, on the ground that the complainant had a perfect remedy at law. Van Doren v. Mayor, 9 Paige, 388; Van Rensselaer v. Kidd, 4 Barb. 17; Heywood v. Buffalo, 14 N. Y. 534; Crooke v. Andrews, 40 N. Y. 547. Inasmuch as it- has been decided by the court of last resort, in the case of People v. Gilon, 126 N. Y. 142, 27 N. E. Rep. 282, that the rails, ties, and tracks of a street surface railroad are not assessable for street improvements, it would appear upon the face of the proceedings that the assessment was void, and that, therefore, under the cases above cited, the plaintiff would be entitled to no relief in equity. The statute in regard to sales for assessments and taxes has been altered since the Case of Van Doren and similar cases were decided, and by section 926 of the consolidation act, which was taken from chapter 381 of the Laws of 1871, it is provided that all leases executed by the comptroller, and witnessed by the clerk of arrears upon a- sale for unpaid assessments, shall be presumptive evidence that the sale, and all proceedings prior thereto, from and including the assessment on said lands or tenements for taxes or assessments or Groton water rates, and all notices required by law to be given previous to the expiration of the two years allowed to redeem, are regular, and according to the terms of the statute in such cases made and provided. As the lease is presumptive evidence of the regularity of all the proceedings anterior to the sale, there would be an apparent cloud upon the plaintiff’s title, and under the authority of the case of Scott v. Onderdonk, 14 N. Y. 9; Allen v. City of Buffalo, 39 N. Y. 386; Rumsey v. City of Buffalo, 97 N. Y. 114; and similar cases,—there would be ordinarily jurisdiction to restrain the sale of the plaintiff’s property under an illegal assessment, and to prevent the creating of a cloud upon the title. Section 897 of the consolidation act, however, expressly provides that “no suit or action, in the nature of a bill in equity or otherwise, shall be commenced for the vacation of any assessment in said city, or to remove a cloud upon title, but owners of property shall be confined to their remedies in such cases to the proceedings under this title.” This provision was held in Mayer v. Mayor, etc., 101 N. Y. 284, 4 N. E. Rep. 336, to be unqualified, and to apply to every class of assessments. By that section, therefore, the power of this court tb grant injunctions, in cases of this character, was absolutely taken away; and although the plaintiff may, on its papers, make out a case which, in the absence „of that section, would entitle it to relief, we are of opinion that the plain provisions of the consolidation act require us to hold that this action cannot be maintained. We regret to be obliged to reach this conclusion, because it is apparent that the assessment in question was illegal and void, and it seems to be a hardship that the plaintiff should be compelled to submit to a sale of its premises, and of the creation of an apparent cloud upon its title, and to be obliged to assume the burden, if proceedings should be taken under the lease to oust it of its property, to show the invalidity or illegality of the assessment. Such, however, seems to be the only course left open to it. See In re Smith, 99 N. Y. 424-427; Chase v. Chase, 95 N. Y. 373; In re Brainerd, (Sup.) 3 N. Y. Supp. 889. The defendant, however, relies upon the judgment which was obtained in the former action as a bar to this action. That point it is unnecessary to discuss, if the views above expressed are sound. We are therefore of the opinion that the order appealed from should be reversed, with costs and disbursements to the appellant.

Yak Bbukt, P. J.

I do not think that the statute making the lease presumptive evidence of certain facts in any respect alters the position of the plaintiff from what it would have been had the statute not been passed. The lease is presumptive evidence of the regularity of the proceedings, but it is not evidence that the property therein described is liable to taxation, it appearing upon its face that it is not. If, therefore, the property of the plaintiffs is not liable to assessment, it appears upon the face of proceedings; and, if lease executed, upon face of lease therefor, and lease would be no cloud. I think that the injunction should be vacated.

O’Bbiek, J.

For the reason that an action of this nature is forbidden by section 897 of the consolidation act, I concur in result. 
      
       Laws 1882, c. 410.
     