
    Clayton W. Jenkins, Plaintiff, v. Simon Bishop et al., Defendants.
    (Supreme Court, Washington Special Term,
    January, 1909.)
    Foreclosure of mortgages on land — Foreclosure hy action and sale — Defenses — Contract void hy Statute of Frauds.
    Frauds, Statute of — Real property and estates and interests therein — ■ Interests in land in general — Agreement to purchase mortgage for benefit of another.
    Pleading — Replication or reply and subsequent pleadings — Necessity for reply — To allegations of new matter.
    Where the only defense to the foreclosure of a $5,000 mortgage was that plaintiff, having orally agreed with defendant to act as his agent for the purpose of securing an assignment of said mortgage on terms that would be greatly to the advantage of defendant, instead of doing so took the assignment of the bond and mortgage in his own name paying therefor less than half the amount then due upon the mortgage, but refused to transfer the mortgage to defendant or give him the advantage of the transaction to which he claimed he was entitled, said contract, being absolutely void under the Statute of Frauds, was no defense.
    
      The oral agreement being an affirmative defense and not a counterclaim and no reply having been required by' the court upon motion of the defendant, no reply was necessary either by way of denial or allegation of the Statute of Frauds.
    Aotioet to foreclose a mortgage.
    Jenkins, Kellogg & Barker, for plaintiff.
    Chambers & Finn, for defendants.
   Van Kirk, J.

This is an action to foreclose a mortgage, on which, by its terms, is due the sum of $5,000' and interest. Simon Bishop (hereinafter for convenience called the defendant) denies the amount due, and in fact that anything is due, basing this claim on a parol agreement made between the plaintiff and the defendant. In his answer he alleges that, in February, 1907, Mary W. Cronkhite, who, as executrix of the last will and testament of Helena D. Little, held the bond and mortgage, told the defendant that she would sell the bond and mortgage' for a sum considerably less than the amount due thereon and give the defendant the benefit of such reduction; that, on February 15, 1907, defendant made an agreement with the plaintiff, Jenkins, whereby the said plaintiff agreed to purchase the said bond and mortgage and take an assignment thereof for the best price at which the same could be procured; and that the plaintiff would give the defendant the benefit of any reduction that might be made in purchasing said bond and mortgage and allow and credit such reduction in payment of the amount due thereon; and that the plaintiff would carry and hold the same and give the defendant an opportunity to repay to him the sum that plaintiff actually paid for the mortgage, in installments, with interest; or the defendant might, at his option, repay plaintiff such sum as the plaintiff should actually be obliged to pay in order to secure the assignment of said bond and mortgage; and that plaintiff would not sell or assign said mortgage without defendant’s consent, as long as defendant made the agreed payments; that, thereafter, the plaintiff purchased the mortgage for $2,500 ; that, after the purchase, the plaintiff stated to the defendant that he had paid $4,000 for the mortgage and that plaintiff would carry the bond and mortgage, if the defendant so desired, provided the defendant paid the interest upon the sum which the plaintiff paid therefor at the rate of 5 per cent, per annum; and, thereupon, on April 1, 1907, the defendant, believing that the plaintiff had paid $4,000 for the mortgage, paid the interest on such $4,000 to the 1st day of April, 1907, and received the plaintiff’s receipt therefor.

In his brief the defendant says, the substance of the whole transaction set forth in the answer, stripping it of immaterial matter, is that the plaintiff, having undertaken to act as the agent of Simon Bishop for the purpose of securing an assignment of the mortgage referred to in the complaint and thus securing it on terms that would be greatly to the advantage of Simon Bishop, instead of doing so, secured an assignment of the bond and mortgage, in his own name, paying therefor less than half the amount then due on the mortgage; and, after giving his receipt to the defendant for the interest on the mortgage from the time he took it to the date of giving the receipt, then refused to transfer the mortgage to the defendant or give him the advantage in the transaction to which he is entitled, and proceeded to foreclose the mortgage, claiming to recover the full amount due thereon, thus making a profit to himself of nearly $3,000.

The plaintiff did purchase the bond and mortgage for the sum of $2,500 with his own money. For the purpose of passing upon this case, we may consider the above statement, set forth from the answer and the brief, as a correct statement of the facts, although the plaintiff denies the.agreement and says that, after the plaintiff purchased the mortgage, he agreed with the defendant that, if the defendant would pay him the sum of $4,000' with interest, he could have the mortgage; but that, if he should be compelled to foreclose, he should demand the full amount, $5,000, and interest.

The defendant in his answer calls the agreement set forth an agreement and contract, that is, an agreement between principal and agent. It does not aid the defendant to call it a contract of agency. Baumann v. Holzhausen, 26 Hun, 506. “ If one employs another hy parol to huy land for him with his own money and the latter buys the land and takes the deed to himself and refuses the former any right therein, the former cannot compel a conveyance to him, even by showing that, but for his reliance upon the fidelity of his agent, he would have purchased in person or through some other agent.” Wheeler v. Reynolds, 66 N. Y. 235. The agreement set forth in the answer, and in support of which some testimony was given, is under the Statute of Frauds absolutely void, and conferred no rights and imposed no obligations upon any one.” Wheeler v. Reynolds, supra,, 231; Lathrop v. Hoyt, I Barb. 59; cited in Wheeler v. Reynolds, supra, 231, 232; Levy v. Brush, 45 N. Y. 589. Hor was any trust created by the agreement of the parties and under the circumstances of the case, which the plaintiff was bound to execute. Levy v. Brush, supra. There is no element of fraud here in the transaction and agreement, which will permit an equity court to enforce the agreement and relieve against the fraud. To refuse to perform such a parol agreement, “ may be a moral wrong, but it is in no sense a fraud in law or equity.”

It is not necessary to consider here more definitely the facts and parol agreement, because in deciding the case I have taken the defendant’s version; and, however much I might feel disposed to give defendant some relief, at least from a deficiency judgment, which is probable, as the value of the farm is from $3,000 to $3,500; the facts and law will not permit it.

The cases cited by the defendant are not 'applicable to the facts of this case, as I view it. Defendant’s error is that he claims a valid contract of agency. If such existed, his authorities would have to be considered; but the contract by ■which defendant claims the agency is established is absolutely void under the Statute of Frauds.

To the affirmative defense, setting forth the parol agreement, plaintiff has not replied; and the defendant has urged that this affirmative defense is admitted, and that the Statute of Frauds cannot be in effect, because plaintiff has not replied, setting up the Statute of Frauds or denying the agreement. The parol agreement, being an affirmative defense and not a counterclaim, and no reply having been required by the court upon the application of the defendant, no reply was necessary, either by way of denial, or allegation of the Statute of Frauds. Code Civ. Pro., §§ 514, 515, 516, 522; Pattat v. Pattat, 93 App. Div. 102.

The defendant is allowed to amend his answer by making the necessary denials, and the case is considered as if such amendment had been made.

The plaintiff is entitled to judgment of foreclosure and sale, and a decision accordingly may be presented.

Judgment for plaintiff.  