
    Elmer E. Cooley, Respondent, v. Thomas J. Curran, Appellant.
    (Supreme Court, Appellate Term,
    June, 1907.)
    Corporations: Officers and agents — Personal liability to third persons generally — For refusal to transfer stock; Stock — Transfer of stock — Duty of corporation to transfer on books to holder of certificate.
    For the refusal of the president'of a corporation to countersign a certificate of corporate stock the aggrieved stockholder has no right of action against him personally, but the stockholder’s remedy is against the corporation.
    Appeal from a judgment of the Municipal Court of the city of New York, twelfth district, borough of Manhattan, overruling the defendant’s demurrer to the complaint.
    Charles H. Payne, for appellant.
    William S. Bennett, for respondent.
   Goff, J.

Plaintiff owned 300 shares of Mogollon Gold and Copper Company stock which was surrendered to the company to be reissued in his name. The secretary issued the certificate and- attached the seal and gave it to plaintiff to be countersigned by the president, the defendant in this action. This, defendant refused to do. Plaintiff alleges that this was “ for the purpose of defrauding the plaintiff out of his rights as a stockholder and preventing him from voting at a meeting of stockholders.” For this refusal plaintiff brings an action in tort against the defendant, personally. Although appellant has been unable to sustain his contention with any case in point, yet it must appear to be well founded in the light of the following recognized authority: “At the foundation of every tort must lie some violation of a legal duty, and, therefore, some unlawful act or omission, Whatever, or however numerous or formidable may be the allegations of conspiracy, of malice, of oppression, of vindictive purpose, they are of no avail; unless the purpose intended or the means by which it was accomplished are shown to be unlawful.” Cooley Tort, 156, note. In the case at bar it has not "been shown that the defendant owed any legal duty toward the plaintiff. On the contrary, in actions for the refusal to transfer stock certificates “ it seems that he hás no direct remedy against the directors or other officers of the corporation. He is not in privity with them. It is not regarded as a case of misfeasance, in which a stranger would have an action directly against the person doing him an injury, although such person may have claimed to act as the agent or servant of another; but it is rather a case of nonfeasance, in which the duty claimed flows from the corporation to the transferee of the shares, and not from its" officers or agents; the latter being responsible only to the corporation itself. 2 Thomp. Corp., § 2449. See Cooley v. Curran, 54 Misc. Rep. 221. That the transferee has an action against the corporation is conceded. Cook Corp., § 389.

■ The judgment should be reversed, the demurrer sustained and complaint dismissed, with costs.

Gildersleeve and Fitzgerald, JJ., concur.

Judgment reversed, demurrer sustained and complaint dismissed, with costs.  