
    The People ex rel. Lillie Ludden, Formerly Lillie Winston, Relator, v. Walker Winston, Respondent.
    (Supreme Court, New York Special Term,
    February, 1901.)
    Habeas corpus — Custody and production of an infant — Award of custody as between father and mother.
    Where the court has gained jurisdiction of the custodian of a child and he can produce her, the fact that the child actually resides in another State does not preclude the court from ordering the custodian to produce her.
    Where the Court of Chancery of another State has awarded the custody of a child to its father, the disposition made will not be changed by our courts where, the circumstances have not changed and particularly where the mother, who had procured an illegal foreign divorce, is living in adultery by virtue of a second marriage which our courts have declared to be illegal.
    Habeas Ooeptts proceedings.
    John F. McIntyre, for relator.
    
      John J. Crawford, for respondent.
   Scott, J.

This proceeding is another chapter in a long-continued contest between the relator and the respondent for the custody of their infant child, a girl now between nine and ten years of age. It appears that the child is actually resident in the State of Hew Jersey, but since this court has gained jurisdiction of the father in whose custody she is, and who has the power to produce her, the mere fact of her physical residence in another State is no bar to the exercise by this court of the power which is invoked by this proceeding. People ex rel. Billotti v. N. Y. Juvenile Asylum, 51 App. Div. 383.

It appears by the return and is not denied by the traverse that some time in the year 1900 a writ of habeas corpus was sued out in the Court of Chancery of the State of Hew Jersey in which the present respondent was relator, and the present relator was respondent, and which had for its purpose the determination of the custody of the infant; that the writ was served upon the present relator; that she made return thereto, and, the parties thus being before the court, that by an order or decree dated June 8, 1900, the custody of the child was awarded to the respondent here, and he was required to give, and did give, a bond conditioned upon his obedience to all orders which the court might thereafter make with reference to the custody, maintenance, education and production of the child. To a certain extent at least this order of the Court of Chancery of Hew Jersey is to be regarded as an adjudication as to the proper custody of the child, and while, of course, such a question must always be determined upon the state of facts existing when the question arises, so that there may be successive adjudications as to the proper custody of the same child, still the solemn decision of a court of the dignity and jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery of Hew Jersey should not be lightly disregarded, unless it appears that circumstances have arisen since that adjudication which put a different complexion upon the case, and call for a different disposition of the custody of the infant. People ex rel. Keator v. Moss, 6 App. Div. 414. No such case is presented here. The relator, it is true, makes general charges of unfitness respecting the respondent. But it appears from the decree of the Court of Ghancery that that question was investigated and passed upon by that court, and I find no fact alleged by the relator justifying the conclusion that the respondent has become less fit since June, 1900, to have the custody of his daughter, than he was at that time. There is another consideration that is not without weight. The relator,in 1896,went to the Territory of Oklahoma,and there instituted proceedings for a divorce from the respondent. No process was served upon him in that Territory, nor did he appear in the action, and he was at the time a resident of this State. The decree of divorce she there obtained has been declared to have been absolutely void and of no effect in this State. After obtaining this void divorce she returned to this State and married one Ludden, with whom she has since lived and cohabited as his wife. The respondent, charging that this cohabitation with Ludden constituted adultery, began an action in the courts of this State for an absolute divorce. It was held that her relations with Ludden were adulterous, but a divorce was refused to the respondent because it appeared that he also had been guilty of a single act of adultery. The court, therefore, left the parties where it found them. Winston v. Winston, 34 App. Div. 460. As the facts relating to the offense of the respondent occurred and was known to the relator long prior to the habeas corpus proceeding in New Jersey, it is to be assumed that they were taken into consideration by the Court of Chancery, or, if they were not, it could only have been because the relator failed to call the attention of the court to them. It appears that the relator, although repeatedly advised by the judgments of this court and by the decree of the Court of Chancery of New Jersey, that her relations with Ludden were unlawful and meretricious, has persisted in them to this day, for both in her petition for the writ of habeas corpus and her traverse to the return, she signs and describes herself as Lillie Ludden. Herein the present case is to be distinguished from Osterhoudt v. Osterhoudt, 48 App. Div. 74, for in that case one of the reasons given by the majority of the court for committing the custody of the children to the mother was that it did not appear that she continued her meretricious relations after it had been adjudged that her divorce was invalid and her second marriage consequently unlawful.

Upon the undisputed facts I see no reason for transferring the custody of the infant to the relator, and the writ must accordingly be dismissed.

Writ dismissed.  