
    Caroline Beyer, Respondent, v. The Consolidated Gas Company of New York, Appellant.
    
      Negligence—cutting off gas'from a house and turning it on without giving notice to-an occupant, who is injured thereby—exclusion of evidence as to a fact otherwise-shown, not reversible error.
    
    It is the duty of employees of a gas company, sent to remedy a defective flow of gas through a house (an operation involving shutting off the gas from the-whole house, severing the connection between the pipes in the house and the' street, removing the obstruction, reconnecting the pipes and turning the-gas on again), to use proper care to see that occupants of the house have ah-opportunity to protect themselves against the results which follow from interfering with the flow of gas, which care is commensurate with the danger which might result to an occupant of the house if for any reason the gas should flow into it without being lighted.
    Where the employees neglect to exercise such cáre, and as a result a woman in the house who, before the arrival of the employees, lighted a gas stove in her room and went to sleep, does not awake until she has sustained serious injury from gas which escapes from the gas stove when the gas is turned on, the gas-company is liable for such injuries.
    The exclusion of the answers to questions, asked the plaintiff’s husband-on his-cross-examination, tending to show that the witness was interested in the result of the action, does not constitute a reversible error as his interest clearly appears from his relation to the plaintiff and no evidence is necessary to- • establish it.
    " App-eal by the defendant, The Consolidated Gas Company off New York, from a judgment of the Supreme Court in favor of the plaintiff, entered in the office of the clerk of the county of New York on the 17th day of December, 1898, upon the verdict of an jury for $3,000, and also from an order entered in said clerk’s office-on the 14th day of December, 1898, denying the defendant’s motion for a new trial made upon the minutes.
    
      David McClure, for the appellant.
    
      George F. Roesch, for the respondent.
   Rumsey, J. :

This is an action brought to recover damages for injuries suffered:, by plaintiff on account of the negligence of defendant’s servants.

The plaintiff had a verdict at the trial, upon which the defendant moved for a new trial, which" was denied, and the appeal is taken from the judgment and the order denying the new trial.

In the month of January, 1896, the plaintiff lived with her husband in an apartment on the third floor. Before that time the defendant, which supplied the house with gas, had put the connection for a gas stove into one of the rooms of the plaintiff at her" request. There had been trouble with the flow of gas through the* pipes, and, at the request of the landlord, two men were sent to cure* the defect, if possible.

This took place on the eleventh of January, which was a very" cold day. Just before the men came the plaintiff lighted the gas^ in the radiator, and lay down on the lounge in the room where it stood, to take a nap. While she was sleeping, the men who had-been sent by the defendant to clean out the pipes, arrived at the house; shut off the gas from the whole house; cut the connection between the pipes in the house and the street; blew out the water from the pipes which had obstructed the flow of gas; reconnected the pipes and turned the gas on again.

After the gas had been turned on it flowed through the open-radiator into the plaintiff’s room, until she was finally aroused by something which took place in the room, discovered the situation of affairs, found herself very much affected by the gas which she had inhaled, and with difficulty reached the door and called for help. After this she suffered very considerably, as she said, because-of the inhalation of the gas, and there was considerable evidence given by her tending to show that her injury was serious.

These facts are not disputed. The facts upon which the plaintiff bases her claim against defendant, which were disputed, were thaty when the men were sent by the .defendant to attend to the pipes, ¿hey went with the janitor to the various apartments and took means to advise the occupants what was proposed to be done, in .order that they might protect themselves against the flow of gas. They went to the door of the plaintiff’s room where she was sleeping, and made some efforts to arouse her, which were not successful. The plaintiff claims that these efforts were not such as should have been made, and that the men were guilty of negligence in not using more efficient means to arouse her from sleep when they were about -fo close the connection with the gas mains, and thereby cut off the -flow of gas into her room. Undoubtedly, when these men went to -that place for the purpose of interfering with the flow of gas through -the pipes, it was their duty to use proper care to' see that the occupants of the rooms had an opportunity to protect themselves against -the results which follow from tampering with the flow of gas. The ¿care which was required of them for -that- purpose was commensurate with the danger which might result to an occupant of the yoom, if for any reason the gas might flow into it without being lighted, which every one knows might either be the means of caus-. jng an explosion, or would be likely to suffocate any person who -jnight be in the room.

■ Whether the defendant’s servants did use such care to warn the inmates was clearly a question of fact for the jury upon all the evidence in the case, because it cannot be said, as a matter of law, either -tvhat efforts should have been made to warn the inmates, Or whether the unsuccessful efforts which were made to warn the plaintiff were sufficient. " In this case there was a serious question, upon ¿he evidence, what efforts were made by the defendant’s servants ¿0 warn the plaintiff beforé' they began work. A reading of the evidence satisfies us that the jury were justified in believing the witnesses for the plaintiff as to what was done by way of warning'her by the servants of the defendant, and they were justified too in ¡finding that the defendant’s servants did not use proper means to •warn the plaintiff, and were, therefore, guilty of negligence. Upon til the evidence, therefore, the plaintiff made out her case, because ¿here could havebeen no question of contributory negligence on the facts shown.

We have examined the exceptions of the defendant, taken to the rulings of the court in excluding certain questions asked by the defendant of the plaintiffs husband on his cross-examination. Tho facts sought to be brought out by those questions would have shown, of course, that the witness was interested in the result of the action, but no evidence was necessary to, establish that fact, which clearly appeared because of his relation to the plaintiff. The objection to the complaint, made by the witness in his own action, which was afterwards discontinued, was properly overruled. In' the first place the evidence was entirely immaterial, because there was no reason to believe that it would contradict anything Beyer testified to, and in the second place, if it was proposed to contradict the witness by the contents of a written paper, the only proper way to do that was" to produce that paper.

Upon all the testimony we cannot say that the verdict was excessive. The jury might properly have found that Mrs. Beyer was seriously injured by inhaling the gas, and that she felt the effect of those injuries down to the time of the trial. In fact, on that question, there was practically no dispute, and we cannot say that the jury erred in giving the amount which they did.

The judgment and order appealed from must be affirmed, with costs.

■ Yan Brunt, P. J., Barrett, Patterson and O’Brien, JJ., concurred.

Judgment and order affirmed, with costs.  