
    In the Matter of the Application of The Hornell and Dansville Railroad Company, Respondent, v. The Trustees of the Incorporated Village of Dansville, in the Town of North Dansville, in the County of Livingston, New York, Appellant, for Leave to Run Across, Upon or Along Certain Streets in Said Village.
    Fourth Department,
    July 7, 1908.
    Railroad — use of public street for roadbed.
    The mere fact that it' is more convenient and less expensive for a railroad to use a public street as its roadbed than to take some other route is not of itself sufficient to warrant an order granting permission to use the street.
    Record in a proceeding to obtain permission to construct a railroad along a public street examined, and held, not to show the necessity or propriety of constructing a railroad along the street.
    Williams, J., dissented.
    Appeal by the defendant, The Trustees of the Incorporated Village of Dansville, etc,., from an order of the Supreme Court, made at the Livingston Special Term and entered in the office of the clerk of the county of Livingston on the 24th day of December, 1907, granting the motion of the petitioner for permission to construct and maintain its railroad upon and along the street in the village of Dansville, Livingston county, and State of New York, known as Lincoln street.
    
      B. G. Foss, for the appellant.
    
      Fred W. Noyes, for the respondent.
   Kruse, J.:

The Hornell and Dansville Railroad Company, the petitioner, -applied at Special Term.for permission to construct its railroad along Lincoln street in the village of Dansville, The order was granted and the trustees of the village appeal.

It is contended on behalf of the village that the order is unauthorized, and that if the court had authority to make the game, the order was improvidently granted.

The petition alleges that the petitioner is organized under the Eailroad Law of the State of New York. It does not, however, specifically state under which provisions of the Eailroad Law it is organized; whether under the general provisions or as a street surface railroad. If the latter, it is without authority to construct or operate a street surface railroad upon and along the street in question, since such a corporation, is required to obtain the consent in writing of the owners of one-half in value of the property bounded on, and also -the consent of the local authorities having control of the street upon which it is proposed to build the railroad, or, if the consent of the property owners cannot he obtained, application may he made to the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court, and the question determined whether such railroad ought to be constructed or operated (State Const, art. 3, § 18; Railroad Law [Laws of 1890, chap. 565], § 91, as amd. by Laws of 1905, chap. 650, and Laws of 1907, chap. 156; Id. § 94, as amd. by Laws of 1892, chap. 676); which has not been done in this case. This provision applies to every corporation which,-under the provisions of article 4 of the Railroad Law, relating to street surface railroads, or of any other law, has constructed, or shall construct or operate, or has been or shall be organized to construct, or operate, a street, surface railroad. (Railroad Law, art. 4, § 90, as amd. by Laws of 1895, chap. 933.)

It is contended, however, upon the part of the petitioner, that it is organized under the general provisions of the Eailroad Law, and is not a street surface railroad corporation, and that, therefore, under the provisions of subdivision 4- of section 4 of the Eailroad 'Law (as amd. by Laws of 1892, chap. 676), the petitioner is authorized to construct and operate its road upon and along the street in question, without complying with the provisions of the law relating to street surface railroads, and is'only subject to the limitations contained in section 11 of the Eailroad Law, which provides that no railroad corporation shall" construct its road across, upon or along any highway, in any town or street in any incorporated village without the order of the Supreme Court, made at Special Term, as therein provided. ■

■ It seems to have been assumed at Special Term that the petitioner is organized under the general provisions of the Eailroad Law, and is not a street surface railroad corporation. Assuming that to be true, we are not satisfied, from the record before us, that the necessity or propriety of constructing the railroad upon and along, this street has been shown. The petition shows that the petitioner proposes to build a railroad of standard gauge for general traffic, to be operated by locomotive steam power, or by electrical or other mechanical power, from a point in the village of Dansville, Livingston- county, to a point in the town of Burns, Allegany county, about ten miles in length, beginning at a point in the village of Dansville, which is specifically described, and running along Lincoln street in that village its entire length, except at two places, where it leaves the street for a short distance. It alleges in general . terms that Lincoln street is not one of the principal streets of the village, but is unimportant and very little traveled. The application is based wholly upon the petition, verified by the president of the petitioner.

The village authorities do not oppose the building of the railroad. They favor its construction, but oppose its location in the street. The opposition is supported by affidavits of the president and trustees of the village, and many of the residents thereof, who state that this street is one of the principally traveled streets of the village, continuously in use, is narrow, being twenty-two to twenty-seven feet between the curbs ; that the main sewers and water line of the village are laid in the street, and that the railroad line for the greater distance is located immediately over the sewer pipes, and in many instances over the water pipes ; that the operation of the railroad by locomotive or electrical or other mechanical power would greatly hinder, obstruct and make the street dangerous and 'unfit for travel; and they point out another route, over a private right of way, which seems entirely feasible.

It is claimed on behalf of the village that the reason for the desire upon the part of the petitioner to construct its railroad in the street is to obtain a free right of way. It is true that the petitioner alleges in its petition that it intends to use electric power for operating the railroad, but it also alleges that 'it has the right to use steam as well. And right in that connection it is contended on behalf of the village that in fact the petitioner is. a street surface railroad corporation, but was organized as a steam railroad corporation to ■ avoid the requirements of law applicable to street' -surface railroad corporations. 1 ' ■

The certificate of incorporation of the petitioner is not before us, and we have no means of knowing precisely the form of-its organization or its powers, except as they are stated generally in the petition. If it is in fact a street surface railroad corporation,' then, as has been pointed out, the petitioner has no ..authority whatever to construct its railroad in this street.. If it is not, but,, is organized under the general provisions of the Bailroad Law as a steam railroad corporation, as this seems to be, the application must be disposed of according to the rule applicable to such a corporation, without regard to what its intent may have been in adopting the particular form of organization.

' There is a wide: difference as regards the use of streets,, between the rights of a railroad company organized under the general provisions of the Bailroad Law and a street surface railroad company. The design of the former is ordinarily for traffic between localities, and the right to the use of the street is merely incidental, while a street surface railroad corporation-,, as the name implies, is organized for street traffic in the locality, operating upon and. along the public thoroughfares of the municipality, and although neither is limited tq that kind .of traffic, such aré their respective, primary purposes. This distinction has heretofore been recognized in passing upon applications of this character. (Burt v. Lima & H. F. R. Co., 21 N. Y. Supp. 482 ; Matter of Keeseville, Ausable Chasm & L. C. R. R. Co., 116 App. Div. 72.)

We do not now hold that the situation may not be-,such as to make it proper to permit this railroad to be constructed along this street, but upon the facts before us. we think the petitioner has failed to show the necessity therefor. The mere fact that it is more convenient'and less expensive for the-railroad than some other route is not of. itself. sufficient to warrant the order. Both of these circumstances may properly be' considered, but they ave not controlling. If the facts are as disclosed by the affidavits in opposition to' the application we. think the order . should not, be granted. . It is possible that the necessity and propriety of such an order may be made to appear by taking further evidence before the court or a referee appointed for that purpose...

The order should be reversed, with ten dollars costs and disbursements, and the matter remitted to Special Term for its further action thereon.

All concurred, except Williams, J., who dissented.

Order reversed, with ten dollars costs and disbursements, and matter remitted to the Special Term for its further action thereon.  