
    Empire Lighting Fixture Company, Respondent, v. Edward W. Browning, Appellant.
    (Supreme Court,Appellate Term, First Department,
    February, 1916.)
    Contracts — assignment of — default in performance of contract — failure to furnish certificate from New York Board of Fire Underwriters.
    Payment for work done under a written contract is not demandable as of right until the completion of the contract, unless otherwise provided therein.
    Where plaintiff, as assignee of a contract to furnish and install certain gas and electric light fixtures in four dwelling houses, was required by the contract to furnish certificates from the New York Board of Fire Underwriters for each and all fixtures furnished, his failure to have such a certificate issued for two of the buildings or an inspection made of one of the other buildings was not merely a technical omission, as the lack of such certificate might seriously affect fire insurance and cause a cutting off of the electric supply by the city, but was a default in performance of the contract.
    Because defendant refused to make payments plaintiff did not supply fixtures called for by the contract of the value of fifty-five dollars and ten cents, according to his estimate, but which defendant testified cost him seventy-seven dollars and forty cents to furnish. Held, that such default was without excuse as defendant was under no obligation to make the payment demanded.
    Appeal by defendant from judgment of the Municipal Court of the city of New York, borough of Manhattan, first district, in favor of plaintiff.
    Joseph Day Lee, for appellant.
    Henry Silverman, for respondent.
   Guy, J.

The complaint alleges that plaintiff between the dates therein mentioned at the special instance and request of the defendant furnished, delivered and hung certain gas and electric light fixtures and chandeliers to certain premises designated by defendant, for which the defendant promised and agreed to pay $1,672, and demands payment, of $497, balance alleged to be due. The answer sets out the making of a written contract between the Empire G-as Fixture Company (hereinafter referred to as the contracting company), and the defendant for the doing of the work in question; that subsequently the contract was assigned to the plaintiff, the Empire Lighting Fixture Company, and the failure of the plaintiff to perform the contract, to the defendant’s damage in the sum of $446.30:

In the written contract pleaded by defendant there was no provision for payment as the work progressed, so that payment could not be demanded as of right until the completion of the contract. Rosen v. Bonagur, 143 1ST. T. Supp. 1059. The testimony of plaintiff’s president, 'Ansorge, if believed would have obviated any such difficulty as far as the plaintiff was concerned, for he swore that there was no assignment, that he had at no time been connected with the contracting company, that that company went out of business and he received the contract from one of its former employees and on or about April 1, 1915, brought it to the defendant, told him the plaintiff company (whose name was almost the same as the contracting company, the only difference being that the word “ lighting ” was substituted for gas fixture ”) had taken oyer the plant of the contracting company and that if defendant, wanted the plaintiff to deliver under the contract plaintiff was willing to do so, but that the contract did not, say anything about payments, and on the promise of the defendant to make payments as the work progressed plaintiff agreed to perform the written contract. The same witness stated however that the plaintiff was organized to and did take over the business of the contracting company and that the contract was in plaintiff’s office when defendant in April, 1915, telephoned that he was ready for the work to begin. Defendant testified that one Clark was the person with whom he had dealt as the representative of the contracting company, that when Ansorge saw the defendant the former said he was taking Clark’s place — came instead of Clark — that nothing was said about the contract or of altering it in regard to payment, and no mention made of the plaintiff; that because of threats made by Ansorge to stop the work payments were made from time to time, but that defendant gave as little as he could so as to get Ansorge to go ahead. Ansorge on May 1, 1915, when he received $200 from defendant, receipted for that amount • on account of this contract,” signing on the contract “ Empire Gas Fixture Company, P. J. Ansorge; ” on June third he gave a similar receipt, and subsequently he signed receipts in the names of both the contracting company and the plaintiff.

It is apparent therefore from the preponderance of credible testimony that plaintiff is the assignee of the contract ihade by defendant with the Empire Gas Fixture Company and as such bound by the provisions of that contract, and that there was no consideration for the payments on account actually made by defendant.

Under the contract plaintiff was required to furnish and install material specified above complete in the buildings located as above, and furnish certificates from the New York Board of Fire Underwriters for each and all fixtures furnished and installed.” Although plaintiff showed that an inspector of that board had inspected the two Seventy-second street houses for which fixtures were furnished and given an order for the issuance of a certificate, it does not appear that a certificate was ¡ever issued for these two houses or that an inspection was made of the Seventy-third street house. This was not merely a technical omission, because lack of such a certificate may seriously affect fire insurance, and the department of water supply, gas and electricity may cause the electric current to be shut off. See Meyers v. Shapiro, 127 App. Div. 186.

It further appears that because defendant refused to make payments 'the plaintiff did not supply fixtures called for by the contract of the value of fifty-five dollars and ten cents, according to the plaintiff’s estimate, and which defendant testified it cost him seventy-seven dollars and forty cents to furnish. This default was without excuse as defendant was under no obligation to make the payment demanded.

Judgment must be reversed and new trial ordered, with thirty dollars costs to appellant to abide the event.

Bijur and Gavegan, JJ., concur.

Judgment reversed and new trial ordered, with thirty dollars costs to appellant to abide event.  