
    Mary E. Straub, Appellant, v. The Grand Lodge of the Ancient Order of United Workmen of the State of New York, Respondent.
    
      Death—presumption thereof may arise before the expiration of the statutory period, —what evidence is insufficient.
    
    The length of time which must elapse in order that the statutory presumption of death may arise may be abridged by proof of facts and probabilities that life. has been destroyed. ,
    The presumption may arise whenever the facts of the case warrant it, and where the person in question when last heard from was in contact with some specific peril such a circumstance may raise a presumption of death without regard to the duration of absence.
    In an action brought to recover upon a certificate issued by a mutual benefit life insurance company, the evidencé, given upon the trial, relative to the death of the insured was that about three years and a half before the action was begun, and in June, 1889, the insured sailed upon a schooner as steward; that in July, 1889,'the schooner arrived at Brunswick, Georgia;' that on the 17th of July, 1889, while the schooner was at the dock at that place, he got five dollars from the captain and went ashore; that the captain never saw him again nor was anything ever heard of him by his family or friends; that the next morning a - hat was found in his cabin which the wife of the insured identified as his.
    
      'Held, that the evidence was entirely insufficient to raise a presumption of death. ■
    Appeal by the .plaintiff, Mary E. Straub, from a judgment of the Supreme Court in favor of the, defendant, entered in the office of. the clerk of the county of New York on the 15th day of April, 1895, upon the dismissal of the complaint directed by the court , after a trial at the New York Circuit befope the court and a jury.
    
      "Edward W. /S. JoJmston, for the appellant.
    
      Isaac B. Ba/rrett, for the respondent.
   Van Brunt, P. J.:

. This action was brought upon a benefit certificate issued by the ■ defendant, a corporation organized and existing under the laws of this State as a mutual benefit or mutual relief fund society upon the co-operative plan for the benefit of its members. The only question in the case is whether the plaintiff gave, sufficient evidence to carry the case to the jury as to whether the insured, John Straub, was dead.

It appears from the evidence of one Bryant, the captain of the schooner Garrie E. Woodbury, that the insured, the plaintiff’s ..husband, shipped on board the schooner as steward, sailing from this city in June, 1889, and that in July the schooner arrived at the port of Brunswick, Georgia, at which time Straub was on board the vessel. On the seventeenth of July, while the schooner was at the dock in Brunswick, he got five dollars from the captain, and after supper cleaned himself up and went ashore. This was the last that was seen of him by the captain. The next morning a black derby hat was found in his cabin, which the captain said looked like the one that Straub had on. This hat he sent to the wife of Straub, who identified it as the hat .of her husband, but did not recollect that there was any brand upon it, although it appeared from the other evidence in the case that it was a Dunlap derby. Some testimony was given in reference to what the mate told the captain, which testimony the court, in ruling upon the case at the close of the evidence, properly disregarded, as appears by the opinion rendered. From the time mentioned Straub has never been seen. Efforts were made to discover his whereabouts, and much irrelevant and incompetent testimony was received upon that point, but nothing was heard of him by his family or friends, with whom he had been accustomed to correspond.

Upon this state of the evidence the court dismissed the complaint. In this ruling of the court we do not think there was any error. It is undoubtedly true that the length of time which must elapse, in order that the statutory presumption of death may arise, may be abridged by proof' of facts and probabilities that life has been destroyed, and that it may arise whenever the facts of the case warrant it, and that when one when last heard fijom was in contact with some specific peril, that circumstance may raise a presumption of death without regard to the duration of absence. But in the case at bar none of these features is present. The alleged deceasd left the vessel and went ashore, and possibly may have returned — but as to this there is no legal evidence— and has not since been heard from, and a little over three and a half years have elapsed before the commencement of this action. 'We have not found any authority which will sustain a presumption of death upon such slight evidence.

We think the judgment appealed from should, therefore, be affirmed, with costs.

Williams,. Patterson, O’Brien and Ingraham, JJ., concurred. - ■

Judgment affirmed, with'costs.  