
    DAVIS v. STATE.
    (No. 9688.)
    (Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas.
    Feb. 3, 1926.)
    1. Witnesses &wkey;>379(ll) — Witness for accused could be interrogated for impeachment purposes concerning statement made by her while under arrest and in absence of accused.
    In prosecution for transporting intoxicating liquor, defendant’s daughter, whose testimony, if believed, would exonerate him, could properly be asked for impeachment purposes if she did not tell sheriff that she saw defendant put whisky in automobile, though she was under arrest, and defendant not present.
    2. Intoxicating liquors <&wkey;235 — Evidence held admissible as tending to show that one accused of transporting liquor was in automobile by mere chance.
    In prosecution for transporting intoxicating liquor, evidence 'held admissible as tending to show that defendant was in automobile containing whisky by mere chance, meeting his son and daughter and riding home with them.
    3. Criminal law <&wkey;772(6) — Failure to charge converse of law on principals held error.
    In prosecution for transporting intoxicating liquor, where defendant alleged he was in automobile carrying liquor by mere chance, .court, after defining law on principals, erred in refusing to charge that defendant should be acquitted if he had no interest in whisky, and did not aid or encourage another in its transportation.
    4. Criminal Idw <&wkey;>338(4, 5) — Testimony as to subsequent arrest of defendant’s son-in-law and presence of daughter at still held inadmissible in prosecution for transporting liquor.
    In prosecution for transporting intoxicating liquor, evidence relative to arrest of defendant’s son-in-law at certain still and presence of his daughter, who testified for him, at such arrest he],d inadmissible.
    
      Commissioners’ Decision.
    Appeal from District Court, Hunt County; . J. M. Melson, Judge.
    Yan Davis was convicted of transporting intoxicating liquor, and he appeals.
    Reversed and remanded.
    Crosby & Estes, of Greenville, and Ramey & Davidson, of Sulphur Springs, for appellant.
    Sam D. Stinson, State’s Atty., of Austin, and Nat Gentry, Jr., Asst. State’s Atty., of Tyler, for the State.
   BAKER, J.

Appellant was convicted in the district court of Hunt county for transporting intoxicating liquor, and his punishment assessed at one year in the penitentiary.

The record discloses that the officers arrested the appellant, his son, J. T. Davis, and a daughter, Mrs. Myrtle Wilks, while on the road in an automobile, and found between the seats of the car 24 half-gallon jars of corn whisky. The appellant defended on the ground that he had no interest whatever in the whisky, and that he got into the car at Cooper, without knowing at the time that there was any whisky therein, for the purpose of riding home, and, when he discovered the presence of the whisky in the car he remonstrated with his son, and insisted that same be taken out of the car; otherwise, he would get into trouble. The appellant in his defense showed by his witnesses that J. T. Davis had the whisky in the car which he had gotten in Oklahoma and had brought all the way from there to the town of Cooper, Tex., where appellant had gone for the purpose of selling cotton, and accidentally met his son and daughter at a filling station, at which place he got in said car only for the purpose of going home. The appellant’s daughter, Mrs. Wilks, testified to a complete state, of facts, which would, if believed by the jury, exonerate him in this case. While upon the witness stand, she was asked, over the appellant’s objection, if she did not tell the sheriff, while she was arrested and in jail, that she saw her father put said .whisky in said car. The state then introduced the sheriff, who testified to her making such statements. The appellant complains of the action of the court in this respect upon the ground that same was hearsay acts and declarations, made in the absence of the appellant, and while said witness was under arrest. The bill shows that the court admitted this testimony for impeachment purposes. We think there is no error shown in this instance.

In bill of exception No. 4 appellant complains of the action of the court in refusing to permit him to prove by the witness Dalton that he saw the appellant at the filling station in question about 7 or 7:30 on the evening before appellant’s arrest the following morning, .as he was on his way home; that he saw and spoke to appellant at a filling station in Cooper, and saw an automobile drive to the filling station, and appellant said, “Yes, I can go home in this car”; that said witness saw appellant go up to the car and saw some one getting out of it, at which time the witness left and started on towards his home. We think the court erred in refusing to permit this testimony, as same was clearly admissible for the purpose of proving the appellant’s defense, and in corroboration of the testimony of his daughter, Mrs. Wilks.

Complaint is also urged to the action of the. court in his general charge in not charging the converse of the law on principals, and in refusing defendant’s special charges submitted on that issue. We think that this complaint is well taken, and that the court, after defining the law on principals, and charging the jury in favor of the state thereon, committed error in refusing to charge the converse of the proposition, applying the appellant’s defense as raised by the testimony in this case to the effect, if they believed that he was present, but had no interest in the whisky in question, and was not aiding or encouraging J. T. Davis in the transporting thereof, to acquit him. Reid v. State, 271 S. W. 627, 100 Tex. Cr. R. 512; Stroehmer v. State, 272 S. W. 163, 100 Tex. Cr. R. 90.

Appellant also complains of the action of the court in permitting the state, over his objection, upon cross-examination of the witness Mrs. Wilks, to interrogate her relative to her husband’s being in a smokehouse of a negro by the name of Lewis, where a still was being prepared for operation when the sheriff of Hopkins county arrested him, and to ask her if she was not present with her husband at said time, or a few feet away from the smokehouse at said time, and in permitting the state to introduce as a witness the said sheriff, who testified to seeing the witness Mrs. Wilks at said time and place and to arresting her husband at said still. The objection urged to this was that said testimony was hearsay, and in the absence of appellant, and in no way connected him therewith, and involved a subsequent transaction to the one for which he was on trial. We think this testimony was inadmissible, and, in view of another trial, if tendered, should be excluded.

There are other questions raised the record, but from the disposition we have made of this case we think it unnecessary to discuss them at this time.

For the reasons above mentioned, we are of the opinion that the judgment of the trial court should be reversed and remanded, and it is accordingly so ordered.

PER CURIAM. The foregoing opinion of the Commission of Appeals has been examined by the judges of the Court of Criminal Appeals, and approved by the court. 
      ^&wkey;For other cases see same topic and KEY-NUMBER in all Key-Numbered Digests and -Indexes
     