
    Alonzo C. Pickard, App’lt, v. Adam V. Pickard, Resp’t.
    
      (Supreme Court, General Term, Fifth Department,
    
    
      Filed December 27, 1894.)
    Attorney and client—Compensation.
    Where the value of an attorney’s services has not been agreed upon, but he is retained in a case upon the implied understanding that he shall have what his services are fairly and reasonably worth, he may properly ask from time to time for advances with which to pay the expenses of the litigation, and to apply upon his services ; and, if the client unreasonably refuses to advance money for such purposes in a reasonable amount during the progress of a long litigation, sufficient cause may be furnished to justify the attorney in withdrawing from the employ of his client.
    Appeal from a judgment, entered on a verdict directed by the court in favor of defendant.
    
      A. C. Wade, for app’lt; Obed Edson, for resp’t.
   Haight, J.

This action was brought to recover for services and disbursements rendered and paid by the plaintiff as the attornev for the defendant. The answer alleged negligence in the performance of the services ; that they had not been fully performed, and set up a counterclaim. The counterclaim,' to the extent of $45.35, was admitted. Upon the trial the plaintiff showed that he was an attorney and counselor in the court, and that he had been retained by the defendant to prosecute an action in the county court of Chatauqua county, upon an appeal from a justice’s judgment, in which the defendant in this action was plaintiff, and one Norman Strong was the defendant; that he appeared in such action, prepared the case for trial, put it upon the calendar, and conducted the case upon the trial; and that it resulted in a nonsuit Thereupon the plaintiff told the defendant that he knew he was right; that he would make a motion for a new trial on the judge’s minutes, and, if the judge decided against him, take an appeal to the general term, and, if he did not succeed in getting the case back upon the calendar, he would not charge anything for what he should do in the matter ; and the defendant then told him to go on and do it In that conversation it appears there was -nothing said about the plaintiff’s pay for what had been done. The plaintiff thereon procured a stay for 60 days, and made a motion before the judge for a new trial; but, in consequence of adjournments agreed to by counsel, the motion had not been argued when.this action was brought. It also appeared that one Johnson Y. Goodwill and another brought an action in the supreme court against the defendant, and this plaintiff was employed to defend him in such action, and that there was another action brought in the supreme court by the defendant against one Jeffords and another, which the plaintiff, as attorney for this defendant, prosecuted. These cases were referred to a referee and tried. In one this defendant was beaten, and in the other he was successful. It also appeared that the plaintiff had performed other services for the defendant in drawing papers, and that he had paid some disbursements in the prosecution and defense of the actions above •referred to. After the trial of the two actions before the referee, they were summed up by counsel, and, after this plaintiff had finished, he testifies that he told the defendant that he wanted some money, and asked him if he would not pay him some or give him a note. The defendant then answered, saying that he would be in Jamestown the next Tuesday, and would come in and settle with him. He said he had the money, and would rather pay the money than give a note. The plaintiff further testified that, on the Tuesday following, the defendant came to Jamestown, but did not come near him. That thereupon he wrote him a letter, and, after writing the letter, the defendant again came to Jamestown to a Mr. Green’s office, who called the plaintiff up through the telephone. That Green did the principal talking, but the plaintiff knew that the defendant was there at the time, because he could hear him speaking to Green, and could distinguish his voice. Green wanted to know how much the plaintiff claimed the defendant owed him. That he answered he had not figured it up, but would do so at any time. That Green then wanted to know how much he would take, and the witness answered him. Finally, Green said: “The defendant says he don't owe you anything, and shan't pay you anything." The plaintiff further testified that he thereafter told the defendant that he should do nothing more in the cases. On his cross-examination he stated that he might be mistaken in-regard "to the time the conversation took place, but that he thought not; that it was arranged that the stenographer’s minutes should be procured and submitted to the referee, and that it might have occurred before such minutes were delivered. He also gave evidence as to the value of his services.

At the conclusion of the plaintiff’s evidence, the defendant’s counsel asked the court to direct a verdict in favor of the defendant for $10, as an affirmative judgment. This motion was granted, and an exception was taken thereto by the plaintiff. It is evident that the trial court, in reaching this result, must have allowed certain items to the plaintiff, and deducted the amount thereof from so much of defendant’s counterclaim as was admitted. It does not, however, appear that the court allowed anything for the services -rendered by the plaintiff in the three actions above mentioned. In the first, as we have seen, the plaintiff had prosecuted the same through the trial, and had been unsuccessful. .The duty of entertering judgment did not devolve upon him, but upon the successful party. His services as to that case had been fully completed under the original retainer. True, he then entered into an agreement with the defendant to move for a new trial, and, if necessary, prosecute the case on an appeal to the general term, but that was under a separate and distinct arrangement. As to the other actions, his services may not have been fully performed when this ■action was brought. He had, however, tried them, summed them up, and submitted them to the referee for decision. It was then that the conversation took place, already related, in reference to his having some money, and in which the defendant appears to have repudiated the plaintiff’s claim, and refused to pay him anything. The question is thus presented as to whether the plaintiff was justified in abandoning the cases, and insisting upon his payment in full for the services rendered.

An attorney who is retained generally to conduct a legal proceeding doubtless enters into an entire contract to conduct the proceeding to its termination, and he cannot abandon the service of his client without justifiable cause and upon reasonable notice. If his compensation is stipulated, and he, without just cause abandons his client before the proceeding for which he was retained has been conducted to its termination, he forfeits his right to payment for services rendered. If the value of his services has not been agreed upon, bnt he is merely retained in a case upon the implied understanding that he shall have what his services are fairly and reasonably worth, the attorney may properly ask from time to time for advances with which to pay the expenses of the litigation, and to apply upon his services; and, if the client unreasonably refuses to advance money for such purposes in a reasonable amount during the progress of a long litigation, sufficient cause may be furnished to justify the attorney in withdrawing from the service of his client. See Tenney v Berger, 93 N Y 524-529; Sessions v. Palmeter, 58 St. Rep. 289. Applying this rule to the facts under consideration, it appears to us that the trial court could not properly say, as a matter of law, that the plaintiff’s request for money, under the circumstances was unreasonable, and that the jury might have found from the evidence that the language in which the defendant repudiated his claim, and refused to pay him anything, furnished sufficient grounds for him to consider his services as an attorney for the defendant terminated. Upon a retrial it may turn out that the plaintiff’s services were so’ negligently performed as to be without value, but this branch of the defense is not now before us. It is true that the plaintiff subsequently entered judgment in the action in which he was successful, but this appears to have been under an express arrangement between the parties made after this action was brought. The judgment should be reversed, and a new trial granted, with costs to abide the event.

All concur.  