
    Frederick Brandt, Appellant, v. The City of New York and Others, Respondents.
    First Department,
    December 30, 1905.
    Mechanic’s lien t- nó recovery of installments when, performance not shown — failure to allege proper cause for abandoning contract.
    When a contractor has abandoned.bis building contract by reason, of a wrongful demand that he do over work "which was defective because of the default of another' contractor and through no fault of his own, and, in an action to foreclose a mechanic’s lien, alleges that, because of the' failure of the defendant .to pay installments earned and due for work performed, he abandoned the contract, he cannot recover under such - allegation unless he -shows that he substantially performed the other work which completed his contract and made the payment due thereunder. \
    Even though the Mechanics’ Lien Law is to be liberally construed; yet in an action to' foreclose such a lien where timely objection is made the recovery must follow the allegations of the pleading. '
    Appeal by the plaintiff, Frederick Brandt, from a judgment of the Supreme Court in favor of-the defendants, entered in the office of the clerk of the county of New York on the 10th day of May, 1905, upon the- decision of the court, rendered after a trial at the New York Special Term, dismissing the complaint upon the merits.
    
      Richard T. Greene, for the appellant.
    
      W. F. Kimber, for the respondents.
   Houghton, J.:

The defendant Burke was contractor for the erection of a school building for the city of New York. He contracted with the plaintiff to do all metal work upop the building, exterior and interior, including a gravel roof, at a stipulated price, the work to be performed in conjunction with other contractors as their work progressed. Payments were to be made upon the completion of certain parts. The work specified as to the second payment was first completed, ands that payment was made before any controversy arose.

What is denominated as the first payment of $1,600 wás to be made “ when all cornices, leaders, leader heads, gutters, flashing and gravel roof is finished.” Certain of the gutters were of copp'er and plaintiff had substantially laid them when it was discovered that the wooden frame upon which they'were laid, which was furnished by defendant Burke, was wrong as to grade, necessitating a tearing up and relaying. Controversy arose as to who should bear, the expense of "this, the plaintiff claiming that it was no. fault of his, and the defendant Burke insisting that the plaintiff should bear the expense of the change. The result was an abandonment by the plaintiff of his contract, and the. filing by him on the 23d of April, 1904, of a mechanic’s lien for upwards of $4,000 for work performed and materials furnished at their qua/ntum meruit value. This action is brought to foreclose that lien, and the trial resulted in a judgment for the defendants from which the plaintiff appeals.

The difficulty is with the complaint and the issue upon which the action was tried. The plaintiff did not put the abandonment of hié contract upon the refusal of the defendant Burke to bear the expense of relaying the copper gutter, which was wrong because of the defendant’s own mistake, and ask the value of that part of his contract already performed. He alleged that because of the failure and neglect of defendant Burke to make' payment of the installments due him under the contract, he refused to further continue work thereon. The installment thus alleged to have, been, wrongly withheld' was what is- designated as. the first installment of .$1,600, which was to -be paid upon the completion of the gravel roof,. - cornices, leaders, gutters .and flasliirig. The defendant met this issue and showed by a preponderance of proof that the plaintiff had , in no sénse substantially, performed his contract so as to make the payment of $1,600 due. " Aside from the copper gutter, it-was shown ■ that the roof was not properly constructed 'and leaked; that the leaders were not in place,, nor the leader heads ; that flashing was not .properly. done; and that the cornices were not finished; and that a roof was to be put on certain sheds which were not yet erected. There was no request to amend the complaint on the trial, and the defendant took ■ the specific point that the plaintiff’s complaint should be dismissed because he had'failed to establish the cause of action which he had alleged. We should be glad to save the plaintiff from this judgment if we could, for it is quite apparent that he has done some work for which he lias not received his pay. But in view of the issues made by the pleadings, and the course of the trial, we see no way in which it can be done.

Notwithstanding the injunction of the Legislature that the Mechanics’ Lien. Law shall be liberally construed to secure its beneficial purposes (Laws of 1897, chap. 418, § 22), the courts have been compelled to say that the burden was upon "the "lienor to show that ■there was a sum due, or to become due, upon which his lien might attach (Brainard v. County of Kings, 155 N. Y. 538), and that he must have substantially performed in order to be entitled to a. lien (Murphy v. Stickley Simonds Co., 82 Hun, 158 ; affd., 152 N. Y. 626), and that in an action, to foreclose his lien the trial should be conducted and a conclusion reached seeumdum allegata etprobata. (Beecher v. Schuback, 1 App. Div. 359 ; affd., 158 N. Y. 687 ; Schanier v. Nathan, 31 App. Div. 225.)

The plaintiff alleged that he so performed all the conditions of , his contract, except so far as they were waived or prevented by the defendant Burke, so as to entitle him to the first payment in'controversy-as well as the second one which he had received. The defendant did not prevent the performance of plaintiff’s contract, except in so far as may be inferred from his unreasonable demands with respect to relaying the copper gutter. Eliminating that portion of the contract which plaintiff was to perform, the other parts-were not substantially performed. Where a party alleges performance on his part, he cannot recover without establishing that fact. (Stern v. McKee, 70 App. Div. 142 ; Burr v. Union Surety & Guaranty Co., 86 id. 545.)

The court properly tried the issues presented by the pleadings, and the conclusion .which he reached was • amply sustained by the proofs, and the judgment must be affirmed, with posts.

O’Brien, P. J., Patterson, McLaughlin and Laughlin, JJ., concurred.

Judgment affirmed, with costs.  