
    McGEE v. STATE.
    (Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas.
    March 12, 1913.
    Rehearing Denied April 2, 1913.)
    1. Laeoeny (§ 45) — Evidence—Admissibility.
    In a prosecution for the theft of belting from a cotton gin, men who had repaired the belt may testify as to their identification of it by the way it had been mended.
    [Ed. Note. — For other cases, see Larceny, Gent. Dig. §§ 135, 136; Dec. Dig. § 45.]
    2. CRIMINAL Law (§ 452) — Evidence—Admissibility.
    In a prosecution for the theft of belting from a gin, a witness, who is an experienced gin man, may testify to the value of the belting when new and its value at the time of the theft. ■
    [Ed. Note. — For other cases, see Criminal Law, Cent. .Dig. §§ 1053-1055; Dec. Dig. § 452.]
    3. Criminal Law (§ 406) — Evidence—Admissibility.
    In a prosecution for theft, where accused was arrested after the stolen goods had been found in his house, evidence that his hands then were greasy, as if from the belting, and that he washed them, was not inadmissible because he was under arrest when he did so.
    [Ed. Note. — For other cases, see Criminal Law, Cent. Dig. §§ 785, 894r-917, 920-927; Dec. Dig. § 406.]
    4. Criminal Law (§ 1169) — Harmless Error — Evidence.
    In a prosecution for theft, evidence that, in the house pointed out as being accused’s, the officers, who entered under their search warrant, found the stolen belting is not inadmissible because the house was pointed out as accused’s, where his household furniture and wardrobe were in it at the time of the arrest, and he had been living there up to within three days of the theft.
    [Ed. Note. — For other cases, see Criminal Law, Cent. Dig. §§ 754, 3088, 3130, 3137-3143; Dec. Dig. § 1169.]
    5. Larceny (§ 77) — Trial—Instructions.
    In a prosecution for theft, where accused did not at the time he was arrested, nor at any other time, give any explanation of his possession of the stolen property, a charge on the possession of recently stolen property is unnecessary, where the court fully charged on circumstantial evidence.
    [Ed. Note. — For other cases, see Larceny, Cent. Dig. §§ 199, 202-204; Dec. Dig. § 77.]
    6. Criminal Law (§ 784) — Instructions— Circumstantial Evidence.
    An instruction on circumstantial evidence that, in order to convict upon such evidence, each fact necessary to establish the guilt of accused must be proven by competent evidence beyond a reasonable doubt, and that all facts must be consistent with each other and produce reasonable and moral certainty that accused committed the offense, and that it is not sufficient that the circumstances render probable the guilt of accused, is a sufficient charge on circumstantial evidence.
    [Ed. Note. — For other cases, see Criminal Law, Cent. Dig. §§ 1883-1888, 1922, 1960; Dec. Dig. § 784.]
    Appeal from District Court, Mitchell County; James L. Shepherd, Judge.
    Guy McGee was convicted of theft, and he appeals.
    Affirmed.
    F. G. Thurmond, of Colorado, for appellant. C. E. Lane, Asst. Atty. Gen., for the State.
    
      
      For otuer cases see same topic and section NUMBER in Dec. Dig. & Am. Dig. Key-No. Series & Rep’r Indexes
    
   HARPER, J.

Appellant was prosecuted under an indictment charging him with burglary and theft; he was convicted of theft of property over $50 in value; and his punishment assessed at two years’ confinement in the penitentiary.

About 3 o’clock on the 10th day of May, 1911, appellant was seen at Buford, in Mitchell county, where the Bedford gin was located, in a two-horse wagon; between that hour and daylight the next morning the belting was stolen from this gin. Appellant’s father lived about 11 miles from this gin, and on the 12th belting of the kind was found in a house on these premises that had been occupied by appellant up to within three days of the theft; he not having removed all of his things out of the house.

There was no error in permitting witnesses to identify the belting found at this house as the belting stolen from the gin by the way it had been mended. The men who did the repair work say they used “carpet tacks,” and this belting, when found, had been repaired with carpet tacks.

Neither was there error in permitting these men to testify to the value of the belting. They show to be experienced gin men; could testify to the value of this belting when new, the length of time it had been used, its probable depreciation in value from use, and its value at the time it was stolen; and no witness suggested that it was of less value than $50 when taken.

The officers testify that a search warrant had been placed in their possession to search appellant’s house; that this house was pointed out to them, and they searched it and found the belting therein identified as the stolen belting; when they arrested appellant, his hands were “greasy” like theirs, because from handling this belting. He was arrested in the field or pasture near by, when he requested the officers to carry him to this house, where he washed his hands, changed his clothing, getting the clothing out of the house in which the belting had been found. The fact that when he changed his clothing he was under arrest would not render this testimony inadmissible.

That this house was pointed out to the officers as appellant’s house would not present error, when the record conclusively shows that he had occupied the house to within three days of the theft; that it had bedding, wardrobe, and other things in the house at the time of his arrest, and his clothing was evidently also there, for he went to this house, changed his shirt, pants, etc., after his arrest, and left those he pulled off in this house. All these were circumstances in the case.

The testimony in this.case was wholly circumstantial, and the defendant undertook to show his whereabouts from dark until 11 o’clock that night The court, in an appropriate charge, submitted this issue, giving an approved charge on alibi; yet appellant could have been the person who took the belting and still have been at the place where this witness placed him at the hour stated, for the belting could have been stolen at any time from 3 o’clock in the afternoon until daylight next morning.

As defendant at the time he was arrested, nor at any other time, gave no explanation of his possession of the belting, or circumstances connecting him with its theft, the court was not required to charge on possession of recently stolen property or explanation thereof, having instructed the jury fully as to the law of circumstantial evidence.

The circumstances all tend strongly to 'show that appellant was the person who stole the property, and the court fully protected him when he instructed the jury: “In order to warrant a conviction upon circumstantial evidence, each fact necessary to establish the guilt of the accused must be proved by competent evidence beyond a reasonable doubt; all the facts' (that is, the facts' necessary to the conclusion) must be consistent with each other, and with the main facts sought to be proved; and the circumstances, taken together, must be of a conclusive nature, and producing in effect a reasonable and moral certainty that the accused and no other person committed the offense charged. It is not sufficient that the circumstances coincide with, account for, and therefore render probable, the guilt of the defendant; they must exclude, to a moral certainty, every other reasonable hypothesis, except the defendant’s guilt; and, unless they do so beyond a reasonable doubt, you will find the defendant not guilty.”

The judgment is affirmed.  