
    (81 Hun. 287.)
    LUND v. MASONIC ASS’N OF WESTERN NEW YORK.
    (Supreme Court, General Term, Fifth Department.
    October 17, 1894.)
    1. Evidence—Expert Testimony—Qualification op Witness.
    A witness who has had 21 years’ experience as hospital nurse, attending surgical operations, is competent to testify for what disease an operation which he attended was performed.
    2. Same—Admissions—Proof of Loss under Insurance Policy.
    A physician’s certificate of death, filed by a beneficiary of a life insurance policy with the proofs of death, is admissible in an action on the-policy as an admission by her that death resulted from the cause stated, in the certificate.
    Action by Theresa Maria Lund against the Masonic Association! of Western New York on two benefit certificates issued by defendant. A verdict was directed in favor of defendant at the circuit court, Erie county, and plaintiff moves for a new trial, on exceptions ordered to be heard at general term in the first instance. Denied.
    Argued before DWIGHT, P. J., and HAIGHT, LEWIS, and BRADLEY, JJ.
    George W. Cothran, for plaintiff.
    Daniel H. McMillan, for defendant.
   HAIGHT, J.

This action was brought upon two certificates issued by the defendant to Henning D. Lund in his lifetime, in which the defendant undertook to pay the plaintiff, as the wife of Lund, the sum of $2,000 upon the certificate issued in Class B, and the sum of $3,000 upon the certificate issued in Class C, upon satisfactory proofs of his death; payments to be made by the association by an assessment upon its members, levied in accordance with its by-laws. The certificates were dated June 23, 1890. Upon the trial it was conceded that an assessment under the first certificate would have realized the amount thereof, and that an assessment under the second certificate would have realized $1,734.90. Lund died at the Buffalo General Hospital, in the city of Buffalo, on the 11th day of May, 1891. The defense interposed was false and fraudulent statements of the assured in his application, by which the association was misled, and induced to issue to him certificates. In his application he stated: “I am correct and temperate in my habits, and, to the best of my knowledge and belief, have no injury or disease, constitutional or otherwise, that will tend to shorten my life. Am now in good health, and able to gain a livelihood; and I promise, if accepted, to conform in all respects to the by-laws, rules, and regulations now in force, or which may hereafter be adopted by the association or its board of directors.” In answer to the question whether he had ever had stricture, he answered, “No.” To the question, “Have you ever had any serious personal injury, or undergone any surgical operation?” he answered: “Yes;” that he was shot in the knee, and the shell lodged there; that he was in the hospital seven weeks, but that it does not trouble him now. The plaintiff, in her proofs of death, states that he “had operation at hospital about three years ago. Was there one week. Had operation for something about his water. He was well when he went to the hospital, except what he told me was a rupture.” And in answer to the question of “What was the immediate cause of death?” answered: “I think he died from the operation. Was at the hospital from Friday until Monday, the 11th of May.” As a part of the proofs of death, she furnished a certificate of the attending physician at the time of his death, who states that the deceased was afflicted with a chronic disease of the urinary organs; that on the 9th day of May, 1891, he “dilated an old cicatrix made about two years before in an external urethrotomy. He became comatose, following convulsions, and died on the 11th. Post mortem showed extensive disease of the bladder, urethra, kidneys, and brain.”

Upon the trial the application was introduced in evidence by the defendant, and exception was entered by the plaintiff to its reception. We think that the evidence establishes that it was his application. Tiffany, the general agent and secretary of the defendant, identified the application as the one upon which the certificates were issued. Leonard, his clerk, testified that the application was filled out in his handwriting, and that he saw Lund sign Ms name thereto, but that he had never seen Mm but at that time, and had no knowledge that he was the Lun. now in controversy. But Brown, the physician and surgeon who examined him for his insurance, testified that Lund brought the application to him with his name subscribed thereto, and that he added thereon his examination, and certified his approval thereto; thus conclusively identifying the individual and his application. Joseph Winters was sworn as a witness for the defendant, and testified that he resided in Buffalo, and had for 9^ years, and that during all of that time he had been connected with the Buffalo General Hospital as an attending orderly; that he attended the surgical operations on the men that were carried on there during that time, and that he had hospital experience in Germany for over 12 years before coming here; that in February, 1888, Henning D. Lund was a patient in the hospital, and was operated upon surgically by Dr. Park; that he was present at the operation; that there was a suppurating abscess in the perineal section; that Dr. Park made three incisions, and cut the abscess and the urethra down to the bladder; that the incisions were made in the perineal region; that he had a talk with the patient, and he said that he was operated upon two years before in the old country; that he prepared the patient for the operation, and that at that time Lund said to him he had an abscess and a stricture; that the patient subsequently left the hospital, and again returned in 1891, and was again operated upon for contraction or constriction of the urethra; and that in a few days thereafter he died at the hospital. Objections and exceptions were taken by the plaintiff to much of the evidence of this witness, upon the ground that he was not competent to testify as an expert. But it will be observed most of his testimony pertains to what was done in his presence. It is true, he speaks of a suppurating abscess, and tells where it was located, but this any witness could describe as well as a physician. It does not require an expert to describe a boil or a wound, and tell where it was located, or whether suppuration had taken place. In the last operation he states it was for contraction or constriction of the urethra. It possibly may be said that this answer could have been made only by an expert. We do not regard it as very material, for it has reference to the last operation, just preceding his death, and it does not necessarily tend to show that he had stricture or a surgical operation before the application for insurance was made. But, assuming it to be material, we. are inclined to the view that a new trial ought not to be granted because of the admission of this evidence; for we think that the witness’ experience of 12 years in Germany, and 9J in this country, as a nurse in the general hospital, in which he attended upon the surgical operations performed upon the men in the hospital during that time, sufficiently qualified him to give the testimony objected to.

Again, it is contended that the proofs of death, including the physician’s certificate, ought not to have been received in evidence. But the plaintiff was of full age, acting for herself, and the proofs were such as were made out by her or by her direction, and forwarded to the association. No claim is made that any of the statements made in the proofs of death are false or incorrect, or that they were unauthorized. We think, therefore, that they must be' regarded as her admissions, and competent as evidence against her. This question has been recently fully considered in the case of Buffalo Loan, Trust & Safe-Deposit Co. v. Knight Templar & Masonic Mut. Aid Ass’n, 126 N. Y. 450-455, 27 N. E. 942, in which Andrews, J., in delivering the opinion of the court, says that:

“The presentation of the physician’s certificate that the deceased died from* the cause stated operated as an admission by the guardian that the fact was-as stated. It derived its force from the fact that the claimant communicated, to the defendant a statement of the cause of death which, if true, vitiated the-policy. The statement was embodied in the physician’s certificate. If it. had been contained in the guardian’s own statement, or that of any nonprofessional person, it would equally have been an admission of the fact stated. The certificate was a part of the proofs furnished.”

It is true in that case the court finally held that the beneficiary,, being an infant, was not bound by the admissions of its guardian, and for that reason the court sustained the recovery. But, as we-understand the case, it was distinctly held that, in case the beneficiary had been an adult, he would have been bound by the admission contained in the proofs of death.

The motion for a new trial should be denied, with costs, and judgment ordered for the defendant upon the verdict. All concur..  