
    SIMPSON v. STATE.
    (Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas.
    Feb. 26, 1913.
    Rehearing Denied March 26, 1913.)
    1. Criminal Law (§ 1099) — Appeal—Statement or Facts — Approval by Trial Judge —Necessity.
    White’s Ann. Code Cr. Proc. art. 824, provides that the same proceeding shall be had as to statements of fact as in civil cases; and Rev. St. 1895, arts. 1379, 1380, provides that, if the parties agree upon a statement of facts, it shall be submitted to the judge, who shall ■approve and sign it, if correct, and if the parties do not agree, or if the judge does not approve the same, the parties may submit their statements of fact to the judge, who shall make out and file a statement. Held, that the trial judge need not in any case approve an incorrect statement of facts; and a purported statement of facts filed with the clerk, not approved by the trial judge, but filed without his approval by accused, who ignored the statement made and signed by the trial judge, cannot be considered on appeal.
    [Ed. Note. — For other cases, see Criminal Law, Cent. Dig. §§ 2866-2880; Dec. Dig. § 1099.]
    2. Witnesses (§ 337) — Impeachment.
    Evidence that accused had served a term in the penitentiary was admissible to impeach him as a witness; the time of sentence and service not being too remote.
    [Ed. Note. — For other cases, see Witnesses, Cent. Dig. §§ 1113, 1129-1132, 1140-1142, 1146-1148; Dec. Dig. § 337.]
    3. Criminal Law (§ 1092) — Appeal — Bill oe Exceptions. „
    If accused objected to the court’s refusal to approve a part of a bill of exceptions, he should have excepted to the court’s action at that time, or made a bystanders’ bill, otherwise the court’s bill must be accepted.
    [Ed. Note. — For other cases, see Criminal Law, Cent. Dig. §§ 2S03, 2829, 2834-2861, 2919; Dec. Dig. § 1092.]
    4. Criminal Law (§ 364) — Evidence—Res Gestae.
    The acts, remarks, and conduct of decedent immediately after the shooting were admissible as res gestse in a homicide case.
    [Ed. Note. — For other cases; see Criminal Law, Cent. Dig. §§ 805, 808-S10, 813, 816-818; Dee. Dig. § 364.]
    5.Criminal Law (§ 1054) — Appeal—Exceptions.
    The court cannnot review error in admitting evidence to which no exceptions were reserved.
    [Ed. Note. — For other cases, see Criminal Law, Cent. Dig. §§ 2662-2664; Dec. Dig. § 1054.]
    6. Criminal Law (§ 1144) — Appeal—Record —Absence of Statement of Facts.
    In the absence of a statement of facts, if the charge given is applicable to any state of facts provable under the indictment, it will be presumed that the charge contained all of the law applicable.
    [Ed. Note. — For other cases, see Criminal Law, Cent. Dig. §§ 2736-2764, 2766-2771, 2774-2781, 2901, 3016-3037; Dee. Dig. § 1144.}
    7. Criminal Law (§ 789) — Instructions— Reasonable Doubt — Different Degrees of Homicide.
    While it is better to charge on reasonable doubt as between different' degrees of homicide, it is sufficient if the court charges on reasonable doubt as to the whole case,- where no charge was requested as to reasonable doubt between the different degrees.
    [Ed. ' Note. — For other cases, see Criminal Law, Cent. Dig. §§ 1846-1849,' 1851, 1880, 1904-1922, 1960, 1967; Dec. Dig. § 789.]
    ‘ Appeal from Criminal District Court, Dallas County; Robt. B. Seay, Judge.
    Bud Simpson was convicted of second degree murder, and appeals.
    Affirmed.
    Ellis P. House; of Dallas, for appellant. C. E. Lane, Asst. Atty. Gen., for the State.
    
      
      For otner cases see same topic and section NUMBER in Dec. Dig. & Am. Dig. Key-No. Series & Rep’r Indexes
    
   HARPER, J.

Appellant was prosecuted, charged with murder, and found guilty of murder in the second degree, and his punishment assessed at 30 years’ confinement in the state penitentiary. :

There is a statement of facts in this.case filed with the clerk of the district court on March 23, 1912. Th.e judge's approval of the statement of facts hears date May 14, 1912, evidencing either one or two things: That the- statement of facts was dated back, or the statement of facts, when filed, did not bear the judge’s signature; and, in either event, we must treat the statement of facts, as filed, as if filed when the judge approved it, to wit, May 14, 1912.

Not only is it true about these conflicts of dates, but appellant has filed an affidavit stating that the statement of facts has been changed by the judge, after it was filed by him; it thus appearing that the statement of facts was in fact filed with the clerk on March 23d, without having been approved by the judge. Judge Seay has filed an affidavit stating that the statement of facts was not presented to him for approval; but, learning on May 14th that the statement of facts had been filed with the clerk without his signature, he went through it, made such changes as he deemed proper to make a correct statement of facts, and then affixed his signature to it, desiring to give appellant a statement of facts in the case. Appellant objects to the statement of facts as thus approved by the court, and presents, in connection with his affidavit, a .carbon copy of the statement of facts which he filed with the clerk; but the record shows the statement of facts filed with the clerk had not been approved by the judge at the time it was filed. Appellant seems to proceed upon the theory that, if appellant’s counsel and the county attorney agreed to a statement of facts, the trial judge has no discretion, but must approve it as thus presented. This is not the law. The Code of Criminal Procedure provides, that the same proceedings shall be had as to statement of facts as is provided in civil cases; and the Civil Code of 1895 provides in articles 1379 and 1380 as follows: “If the parties or their attorneys agree on a statement of facts they shall sign the same and it shall then, be submitted to the judge, who shall, if he finds it-correct, approve and sign it, and the same shall be filed with 'the clerk. * * ’ If the parties do not agree upon such statement of facts, or if the judge does not approve or sign same, the parties may submit their respective statements of facts to the judge, who shall, from his own knowledge make out and sign and file with the clerk a correct statement of facts proven on the trial, and such statement shall constitute a part of the record.” Thus it is seen in no event is the judge required to approve a statement of facts he does not deem correct; but in this case it appears that he, finding a statement of facts on file’ without his signature, reads it, declines to approve it as; filed, but makes such corrections as he deems proper, affixes his 'signature' to it, in order to keep appellant from being deprived of a statement of facts, and, if the matter had been left in the position that this would have presented the record, we might be authorized to consider it But, by the affidavits filed, it is shown that none of the provisions of the statute, in relation to a statement of facts, have been complied with; and, under such circumstances, we cannot consider the paper sent up with the record, nor the one attached to appellant’s affidavit. See articles 1379 and 1380, Revised Civil Statutes, and article 824 of the Code of Criminal Procedure.

In bill of exceptions No. 1 it is shown that appellant objected to it being proven that appellant- had served a term in the penitentiary. This testimony was admissible, as it does not appear to have been too remote. The bill further recites that he objected to witness being permitted to testify that his wife got a divorce from him because he had been sent to the penitentiary. The court, in approving the bill, states no such testimony was admitted.

When the court refused to approve this part of the bill, if appellant objected to.him doing so, he should have excepted to the action of the court in so doing at that time, or got up a bystanders’ bill. Having done neither, we must accept the bill as presented in the record. Blain v. State, 34 Tex. Cr. R. 448, 31 S. W. 368.

Bill No. 2, as modified by the court, presents no error. The acts, remarks, and conduct of the deceased right after the shooting were admissible as res gestae.

All the other exceptions to the testimony in the record are marked, “Refused; no-such objection or exception taken.” Under such circumstances,' we are not authorized to find that the exception was reserved;' consequently we cannot review these matters. '

In the motion for new trial, there are many criticisms of the charge of the court; but it has always been the rule in this court, in the absence of a statement of facts, if the charge is applicable to any state of facts provable under the indictment, we will presume that the court presented the law, and all the law applicable to the case. Wright v. State, 37 Tex. Cr. R. 146, 38 S. W. 1004: Jones v. State, 34 Tex. Cr. R. 642, 31 S. W. 644; Bell v. State, 33 Tex. Cr. R. 163, 25 S. W. 769.

Appellant points'out in the motion for new trial that the court failed to charge on reasonable doubt as between degrees of the offense. It is always better that this charge be given; but the general rule is that, if the court charges on reasonable doubt as to the whole case, this will be sufficient when no charge is asked as to reasonable doubt between the degrees. In this case, having no statement of facts before us, and appellant being found guilty of murder in the second degree, this omission, in the absence of a request that the jury be so charged, does not present reversible error.

The judgment is affirmed.  