
    Garvey v. New York Life Ins. & Trust Co. et al.
    
    
      (Supreme Court, General Term, First Department.
    
    November 8, 1889.)
    1. Infancy—Limitation of Actions—Trust-Deed—Accounting.
    Code Civil Proc. N. Y. § 382, limits an action on a contract or liability, express or implied, other than a judgment or a sealed instrument, to six years. Section 396, subd. 3, provides that a disability may extend the period for commencing an action for not more than one year after it shall cease. A trust-deed provided that the trust should cease on the beneficiary’s coming of age. Held, that an action by the beneficiary against the trustee’s personal representatives for an accounting of rents and profits was within section 382, though the deed was under seal, and, where the action was brought within six years after the beneficiary became of age, he was entitled to an accounting for seven years, though section 468 provides that an action on behalf of an infant shall not be delayed on account of his infancy.
    2. Accounting—Trustees—Rents and Profits.
    Where the record title is in the deceased trustee, and his personal representatives pay ofi a mortgage on the land in ignorance of the trust-deed, and to protect the property, the amount of such payment is properly deducted from the amount of rents and profits due plaintiff.
    Appeal from special term, New York county.
    Action for an accounting by Joseph J. Garvey against the New York Life Insurance & Trust Company and others. Pending the suit, plaintiff died, and his administrator, John J. Garvey, was substituted. Prom an interlocutory judgment directing an accounting, John J. Garvey appeals.
    Argued before Van Brunt, P. J., and Brady and Daniels, JJ.
    
      George G. Genet, for appellant. Frederick P. Forster and R. F. Robinson, for respondents.
   Daniels, J.

This action was brought by Joseph J. Garvey, who died during its pendency, and his father, as his administrator, was substituted as plaintiff in his stead. James Garvey was the owner of the real estate from whicii the rents and profits to be included in the accounting were obtained. In 1860, he mortgaged the property to secure the payment of the sum of $4,000, and interest. In December, 1869, he conveyed the property to John Garvey. On the day following, John Garvey and James Garvey entered into an agreement and deed by which it was agreed that James Garvey “shall and will collect all rents from said described premises, and defray all necessary repairs, taxes, and insurance that may accrue out of the said rents, and * * * shall and will grant, release, and convey forever to Joseph James Garvey, of Tompkinsville, Richmond county, and state of Hew York, a son of the aforesaid John Garvey, for the sum of one dollar, all the above-described lot of land, with the building erected thereon, and also all sums of money that may have been collected for "rents or otherwise from the same, after deducting the sum of three thousand live hundred dollars, without interest thereon, and also the expenses defrayed for all repairs, taxes, and insurance from the day and year first above written until the time when the said Joseph James Garvey shall become at the age of twenty-one years, which will be on the twenty-eighth day of October, in the year eighteen hundred and eighty-one. ” James Garvey, after the execution of this instrument, entered upon the performance of the trust in this manner declared, and he continued to collect the rents of the property to the 18th of October, 1877, when he died intestate. After his decease, letters of administration were issued to his widow and Henry De Forest Weekes. She was removed by the surrogate, and the letters, so far as they had been issued to her, revoked, in December, 1878; and after that the other administrator continued in the sole administration of the estate of the intestate.

The beneficiary in the trust created by the agreement was at that time an infant. He became 21 years of age on the 28th of October, 1881, but did not commence this action until the 20th of February, 1885. Heither this beneficiary, nor any person in his behalf, appears to have applied to the administrators for the proceeds or rents and profits of the trust until shortly prior to the time of the commencement of the action. The trustee left an infant son, who apparently inherited the property at the time of his decease, for the trust-deed was not placed upon record, or brought to the attention of himself or his guardian. The court, upon the facts, held that the accounting should be limited to the period of six years prior to the time of the commencement of the suit; and this limitation has been resisted as erroneous on the part of the plaintiff in the action. And it does appear to be liable to that objection; for, while section 468 of the Code of Civil Procedure has declared that a right of action on behalf of an infant shall not be deferred or delayed on account of his infancy, subd. 3, § 396, of the same Code has further declared that a disability may extend the period for commencing an action for not more than one year after it shall cease. And this has been made to include-the disability of infancy. The plaintiff, by whom the .action could be, and was in fact, commenced, become subject to this general limitation. By section 382 of this Code, an action has been required to be brought within six years upon a contract, obligation, or liability, express or implied, when it is-not upon a judgment or sealed instrument. This was such an action; for it. was brought for the recovery of such rents and profits only as were collected by the representatives from the estate, after the decease of James Garvey, the trustee. The trust-deed was executed under seal, but by its terms the-trust was to cease when the beneficiary became of age; and the object of the action was to oblige the defendants to account for the rents and profits which they themselves had received from their use and enjoyment of the property. And, when such an action may be brought, it has been restricted to the period of six years. Pierson v. McCurdy, 33 Hun, 520, affirmed, 100 N. Y. 608, 2 N. E. Rep. 615; and Carr v. Thompson, 87 N. Y. 160. But, as the original plaintiff was an infant, by the last subdivision of section 396, he had an additional one year beyond the six in which to commence the suit. That, in its effect, gave him seven years before the statute of limitations would apply to-an action brought for the enforcement of his rights. If six years had elapsed after the attainment by him of the age of 21 years, then he would have been-within the six-years limitation; but it did not, and the consequence is that, he was entitled to this additional year given to him on account of his infancy, and included with the period for which he was entitled to an accounting. In. this respect the judgment should be corrected by extending the time over which the accounting is to take place to the period of seven years, instead of six, as that has now been declared in it. With this modification, the judgment appears to have been right on the subject of the accounting.

The personal representatives of James Garvey had no knowledge or information of the existence'of the trust-deed, but supposed, as that was the record title, the property to have descended to his heir at law; and in its care and management, and for its protection and preservation, paid off the mortgage which James Garvey had given upon the property in 1860. This payment was made in 1878, amounting to the sum of $4,256.66, and by the judgment which has been recovered the defendants were held to be entitled to-credit for this payment against the amount of rents and profits for which they would otherwise be accountable. This payment, as the facts were proven, was for the benefit of the estate, whether it went to the beneficiary under the trust-deed or to the present plaintiff, who is his father, and sole heir and next of kin. If this payment had not in this manner been allowed, then the personal representatives of this estate would have been entitled, under the authorities, to have had the mortgage revived and enforced for the reimbursement of this money out of the property. Barnes v. Mott, 64 N. Y. 397 Bedell v. Shaw, 59 N. Y. 46; Clute v. Emmerich, 26 Hun, 10, affirmed, 99 N. Y. 342, 2 N. E. Rep. 6. And no more than that advantage was in this-manner provided for, or secured, by the judgment. If the mortgage had been revived against the property in favor of the personal representative, the-beneficiary in the trust and the present plaintiff, his father and heir, would have received it, correspondingly reduced in value, to this extent. Neither of them has or will suffer any other or greater loss by the judgment than that which would have resulted from the revival of the security itself. The payment of the mortgage was a just charge against the property; and, as the-personal representatives of the estate paid it from the personal property of that estate, they were entitled to be reimbursed the amount paid from the-rents and profits received from this land. The moneys of the estate, so far as the plaintiff has become entitled to their appropriation, have been deposited with the Mew York Life Insurance & Trust Company, but that company has mot been required fully and formally to account to the plaintiff; but no injustice will result from the direction contained in the judgment on this subject, for a statement of the accounts of the trust company is required to be made out and delivered in the action. That will furnish the plaintiff with all the information that is necessary in the progress of the case, and in ascertaining the amount which he may be entitled to recover. As the interlocutory judgment has been entered, it should be so far changed and modified as to extend the period of the accounting for seven, instead of six, years, and, as so modified, it will afford full protection for all the rights of the plaintiff and the intestate, as they existed at the time of the commencement of the action; and, as modified, the judgment should be affirmed, without costs. All ■concur.  