
    Henry M. Crippen, App’lt, v. Sarah A. Crippen, Executrix, et al., Resp’ts.
    
      (Supreme Court, General Term, Third Department,
    
    
      Filed July 6, 1889.)
    
    Reference under the statute—Oral promise.
    This was a claim, referred under the statute. The claim is on an alleged oral promise, made by one Riley Crippen to his wife Fanny, in 1853. One Wheeler died in 1840, leaving him surviving children, among them Fanny, who received a certain sum of money from his estate. Fanny, in 1845, married Riley. Evidence was introduced tending to show that at, or before her death, she proposed to make a will, but her husband told her that there was no need of a written will; that her wishes would be observed. The wish was, that he should have the use of the money she had during his life, and, at his death, it should go to the children. Plaintiff is one of the children of Fanny. Riley, died in 1885. Held, that to sustain plaintiff’s claim, it should be shown that Riley, by virtue of the promise, obtained from his wife’s estate after her death the title to the money, which would otherwise have been given by her to her children.
    
      N. O. Moalc, for app’lfc; T. F, Hamilton, for resp’ts.
   Learned, P. J.

Riley Crippen died December 30, 1885, leaving a will which was duly proved, and defendants were appointed executrix and executor.

The plaintiff, a son of deceased, presented a claim which was duly referred under the statute. The referee reported in favor of the claim. The defendants on case and exceptions moved to set the report aside. The motion was granted and plaintiff appeals.

The claim is on an alleged oral promise made by Riley Crippen to his wife, Fanny, about July, 1853.

The facts out of which the alleged promise arose are as follows:

Ephraim Wheeler died in 1840, and left surviving children, among them Fanny. There is some testimony that each daughter received about $4,000 from his estate," This is only given on recollection of witnesses, and a statement of-Riley Crippen said to have been made about 1854.

Fanny Wheeler in 1845 married Riley Crippen. She died in July, 1853. There is the testimony of two or three witnesses as to statements made by him at or before her death; being about thirty years of age. These statements are in substance that when she was ill and near death she proposed to make a will, and that he told her there was no need of a written will, as everything could be carried out as she wished, and the wish was that he should have the use during his lifetime and then this money said to be $3, - 900 should go to her children.

The plaintiff is one of the three children of Fanny. One other child is living who is the plaintiff in another action, and the third child is dead, leaving children.

The learned justice who decided the motion thought that the evidence was insufficient to show that Fanny Crippen had money which came from her father; that the money came to the hands of her husband, or that he made the alleged promise. He pointed out very justly that the only evidence consisted of testimony to verbal admissions, made about thirty-three years before the death of the testator, and we think that his remarks are just. It is not shown what property was received from Ephraim Wheeler’s estate, nor what were the terms of his will, if, as defendant’s brief states, he left a will.

If he died in 1840, then Fanny, so far as appears, became entitled to the property. When she married Riley Crippen, in 1845, her personal property became his. There is no evidence that it had not been reduced into possession, or that he was holding it in trust for her. Therefore, when she died, in 1853, she had no personal property to dispose of. At least none is shown.

As was stated by this court in Bull v. Bull (31 Hun, 69), “the promise which has been enforced has been made by a person who, by descent or devise or bequest, has received from the decedent property out of which the proposed devise or legacy would have come, which proposed devise or legacy was prevented by the promise of the person thus held liable.” This is the principle which has controlled the case. O’Hara Will, 95 N. Y., 403.

Certainly a promise, where the promisor owns the property and the promisee does not, can create no legal obligation. It is the wrong done to the promisee, by preventing him from doing what he would otherwise have done with his own property, which makes this kind of promise binding.

To sustain this report of the referee, then, it must be shown that Riley Crippen, by virtue of the alleged promise, obtained from his wife’s estate after her death, the title of this money, which would otherwise have been given by her to her children. Unless this be shown, then her will, if executed, would have been of no avail to them.

We agree with the learned justice that this has not been shown, and, we think, the order should be affirmed, with costs.

The same disposition was made of the Case of Emily Wood against the same defendants.

Landon and Ingalls, JJ., concur.  