
    SCHOOLS.
    [Licking Circuit Court,
    October Term, 1896.]
    Pomercne, Adams aud Kibler, JJ.
    Jacob S. Youmans et al. v. Board of Education et al.
    1. Control and Management or Schools.
    The control and management of the schools of this state is given to the boards of education by the statute, and these boards cannot be interfered with in any manner by the court unless there is a gross abuse of the discretionary powers given.
    2. Election or Teacher by a Board op Education.
    Where the minute book, containing the record of the proceedings of a board of education shows that all the members were present, and that on motion the board proceeded to elect a teacher, clearly showing the yea and nay vote but does not state that the roll was called, such election will be considered to be in substantial compliance with section 3982, Revised Statutes.
    
      3. Employment oe Teachers Not Having a Certificate.
    Under the section of the statute requiring that hoards of education shall not employ, teachers without having a certificate to teach the branches, does not render invalid a contract for employment made with a teacher before he obtains the requisite certificate, provided he obtains it before entering upon the duties of his employment.
    4. Suit by Taxpayer.
    A taxpayer may commence a suit to restrain a board of education from doing an illegal act, and sections 1277-8 and 1777-8 of the Revised Statutes do not apply to such action.
    Appeal from the Court of Common Pleas of Picking county.
   Pomerene, J.

This case was heard upon a motion to suspend the injunction which had been made perpetual by the decree of the court of common pleas.

The petition in the case charges, or sets forth, that one Prof. Rusk was employed in 1895, by the board of education of this school district, for a period of two years. That he served one year as teacher and received his pay therefor, and was about to enter upon a second term of the school year, commencing September, 1896. That the board of education, as now constituted, has attempted to employ a man by the name of Green to act as superintendent, and threatens to interfere with Rusk acting as superintendent of the schools for the year 1896-7, and prays for an injunction that they may be restrained — the board of education and Green — from in any manner interfering with Rusk in his superintendency and management of the schools for that year.

Now, to this petition there is an answer, which admits two aver-ments of the petition, and denies each and every other allegation of the petition.

The answer is very broad, and, perhaps, denies more than it was intended to deny. It goes to the extent of denying that these plaintiffs are taxpayers and residents of this school district. It denies the employment of Rusk in 1895 for the period of two years. It denies that Rusk taught or superintended for a period of one year. That is a general denial to each that far. It denies that he entered upon his duties as superintendent. Denies that the board of education had prescribed certain rules of study for said school, and denies that Green or the board of education in any way attempted to interfere with Rusk as superintendent of the schools; but admits the facts, as averred in the petition, that, at the time of the employment of Green, the clerk of the board had not certified that there was money in the treasury to pay, or that a levy had been made to pay, for the services of a teacher.

This is submitted upon a motion to suspend the injunction which had been allowed.

To make the injunction perpetual, would leave Rusk in the control and management of the schools, as superintendent.

To suspend the injunction, would leave the school in the management and control of the board of education of the Pataskala school district.

We regret very much that a case of this kind is in this court, because no conclusion that this court can arrive at will render satisfaction to all the parties o£ that district, or can produce harmony in that school district. These quarrels arising in a school district cannot do much else than result in harm. Yet, the court has nothing to do with that. It has-to pass upon this question as we think the law fixes the rights and powers of the parties.

We were cited by counsel for the plaintiffs to the case of Commissioners v. Pargillis, 6 C. D., 717; and we think the syllabus of the case would apply to this case, and to all cases of this kind.

“In the distribution of powers under the constitution of Ohio, certain political and civil powers are vested in certain public bodies, and these bodies, in the exercise of their powers, cannot be interfered with by other bodies or the courts.

“Courts, however, have the power to enjoin when such bodies or officials are proceeding to make illegal contracts, and to some extent to interfere where there is a gross abuse of power. But courts have no power to set their opinion or discretion against that of the body or officials acting within the scope of their powers.”

I read that because it was cited by counsel for the plaintiffs, and we think that the principles laid down there are applicable to this case, and which we fully endorse.

The control and management of the schools of this state are given the boards of education, given by the statute to the boards of education, and these boards cannot be interfered with in any manner by the court unless there is a gross abuse of the discretionary powers given.

One of the powers given to the board of education is to employ teachers. Another is to provide necessary facilities for the school. Another is to regulate a course of study. That may be done by boards of education, and we think that the legislature has vested that power in the board of education, and that cannot be interfered with by courts, unless there is seemingly a gross abuse of discretion.

Now, how does this case stand, as shown by the testimony ?

It appears from the affidavits, and from the record, as introduced by the parties for the motion, that this man Green was emploj^ed on the 28th day of May, 1896, for the period of one year, at the salary of eighty dollars per month. The minutes of the board of education were introduced in evidence, and read and show this:

“The board met; all present; minutes read and approved; it is moved that we now proceed to the election of a superintendent. On motion E. W. Green was elected superintendent at a salary of eighty dollars per month. Yea: Ashbrook, Hawley, Edgerley and Framble : 4. Nay: Atkinson and Smith : 2. Clerk’s. salary fixed at ten dollars for last year and fifteen dollars for the present year.’.’

Here it appears, that there was a majority of the board of education as thus constituted, and by a vote of four to two, this man Green was elected superintendent for the ensuing year.

Is this act illegal ?

It is claimed that this was not in accordance with the rule laid down by the supreme court in the case of Board of Education v. Best, 52 O. S., 138, inasmuch as it does not state that the roll was called in pursuance of section 8982.

It is true that it does not state that the roll was called; but, by reading that case through, it clearly shows the yea and nay vote; and we think it is a substantial compliance with section 3982, and is so construed by the supreme court in the case named.

Another question is raised, that the appointment was illegal at the Unie of the employment of Green; that he had not a certificate, under rhe section of the statute requiring or stating that boards of education shall not employ teachers without having a certificate to teach the branches.

J. B. Jones and Fulton & Fulton, on behalf of Jacob S. Youmans et al.

Edward Kibler and John David Jones, on behalf of the Board of Education, etc.

In School District No. 2, Oxford Township, Butler Co. v. Dilman, 22 O. S., 194, it is laid down as the rule that if the certificate is obtained before the time of commencing the school labor, that is sufficient.

There are some other questions that are claimed on the part of the motion here; that this petition is insufficient from the fact that these taxpayers cannot maintain this suit. And we are cited to section 1277-8 and section 1777-8 of the statute.

We do not think that either of these sections apply to this kind of a case. Sections 1277 and 1278 apply to the funds of the county. The prosecuting attorney may act, and on his failure, after being requested, any taxpayer may, etc.

Sections 1777 and 1778 apply to municipal corporations; but neither one of these sections have any application here; and a taxpayer may commencr a suit to restrain the board of educátion from doing an illegal act and authority would be found for such a construction in the case of Weir v. Day et al., 35 O. S., 143.

Being of the opinion that for this court to interfere with the action of the board of education in the management of the schools in a matter that particularly belongs to th'em by statute, is something that this court has no right to do, this motion is sustained.  