
    George Hall, an Infant, by William F. Hall, His Guardian ad Litem, Respondent, v. Dwight P. Dilworth, Appellant.
    (Supreme Court, Appellate Term, First Department,
    March, 1916.)
    Appeal — from judgment on verdict — plaintiff given benefit of favorable inferences — evidence.
    Negligence — question of — automobiles — evidence.
    A plaintiff on appeal from a judgment entered on a verdict in his favor must be given the benefit of the most favorable inferences that can reasonably be drawn from the evidence.
    Where plaintiff on alighting from a street car, the rear of which extended beyond the westerly curb, walked to the rear 'of the car and, as he turned to go south, was struck almost immediately by defendant’s automobile which, without warning, was rapidly approaching from the direction in which plaintiff was going, and on the wrong side of the street, the question whether or not it was the duty of plaintiff to look to the south before turning back of the street car depends upon whether any man would reasonably apprehend danger from that point, and the question of his negligence in that regard is for the jury.
    Motion for reargument.
    
      Myers, Kutner & Schumann (William H.'Wurts, of counsel), for appellant.
    Frank Case Hayden (Edward W. Norris and 0. Homer Ramsdell, of counsel), for respondent.
   Lehman, J.

The defendant seeks a reargument of the appeal on the ground that the record shows that the plaintiff failed, as a matter of law, to show any absence of contributory negligence. The plaintiff, a boy of fifteen, testified that on the evening of the accident he rode home on a trolley car which stopped at St. Nicholas avenue and One Hundred and Forty-fifth street. The rear of the car extended about ten feet beyond the westerly curb. The plaintiff alighted from the rear platform, walked to the rear of the car and then turned south. He was struck almost immediately by a rapidly-moving car. He testified that at that time he was one-half foot away from the rear of the car, and his companion testified that the plaintiff was at that time two feet from the rear of the car. The plaintiff did not look before he turned south at the rear of the car. There is other credible testimony more favorable to the defendant, but upon this appeal we are bound to give the plaintiff the benefit of the most favorable inferences that can reasonably be drawn from the evidence. The case in this aspect presents a question of law, viz., whether as a matter of law it was negligent for the plaintiff to turn to the south in the rear of the car, without looking to see whether an automobile was approaching from that direction. If the plaintiff’s story is true, the automobile was approaching from the south on the wrong side of the street, it was proceeding at a rapid rate past a car which had stopped to let passengers alight and it was giving no warning of its approach. No automobile could have been at the place where the plaintiff: was struck unless it was proceeding with the grossest negligence. It is true that even though the automobile which struck the plaintiff was being operated in a grossly negligent manner, such negligence would not absolve the plaintiff from the necessity of showing that he himself was free from any negligence, but the question presented by this case is whether the plaintiff was, as a matter of law, required to exercise any vigilance to avoid a danger which could exist only if some other person was guilty of gross negligence. The cases cited by the defendant establish only the rule that a pedestrian who proceeds across a street without exercising, in any way, his faculty of sight is negligent as a matter of law. They proceed upon the theory that a pedestrian must reasonably foresee that vehicles may be using the roadway and must exercise a degree of vigilance commensurate with the danger reasonably to be apprehended. In this case the plaintiff had undoubtedly a right to alight from' the rear platform of the car, although at that time he could not see any vehicles approaching from the south; he had unquestionably a right to go behind the car instead of walking to the west side of St. Nicholas avenue, if in so doing he exercised reasonable care. The law does not require that in proceeding to the south he must use his eyes all the time; it required him to use his eyes only where a man would, in the exercise of reasonable care, use his eyes. Whether or not it was the duty of the plaintiff to look to the south before turning back of the car depends upon the question of whether any man would reasonably apprehend danger from that corner. It was a fair question for the jury to decide whether the plaintiff could reasonably have apprehended that any driver would drive his car on the wrong side of the avenue within two feet of the rear of a car which had stopped without giving some warning of its approach.

Motion for a reargument or leave to appeal to the Appellate Division is therefore denied.

Weeks and Delehanty, JJ., concur.

Motion denied.  