
    Samuel Weltman and Isaac Pollack, Respondents, v. Louis Kotlar, Appellant.
    Second Department,
    February 28, 1908.
    Evidence — agency — declarations of agent.
    An agency cannot be proved by the declarations of the agent.
    ■ Appeal by the defendant, Louis Kotlar, from a judgment of the Municipal Court of the city of Mew York, borough of Brooklyn, in favor of the plaintiffs, rendered on the 27th day of March, . . 1907.
    
      Max Salomon, for the appellant.
    
      Stone'& Glmgerman, for the respondents.
   Pee Curiam :

The plaintiffs have recovered a judgment for use and occupation of .certain premises. Bothenberg ■ was the original tenant. of the' premises as a shopkeeper, and the theory of the plaintiffs is that the defendant took his place. There is no proof of any dealings of any kind between the plaintiffs and the defendant, but the plaintiffs rely upon certain declarations made to their agent by Bothenberg as to his. agency for the defendant and his promise as such agent. But agency cannot be proved by the declarations of the agent, and the defendant’s objection and exception to this testimony was well taken. The plaintiffs insist, however, that this testimony was made competent because they read in evidence a certain agree-, ment of record between Bothenberg and the defendant, whereby such agency was established. But the agreement must be read as a mortgage of the stock in trade of Bothenberg as security for a loan, with the further provision that Bothenberg may continue his business, sell the stock, account therefor and deduct a certain amount weekly from the sales for his living expenses. It is.true that the agreement contains a provision that the mortgagee at any time may go into possession, but the proof is not sufficient to establish that the defendant ever .went into possession so as to becbme liable to the plaintiffs for use and occupation of the premises. For these reasons the judgment must be reversed and a new trial be ordered, with costs to abide the event.

Woodward, Jenks, Gaynor and Bich, JJ., concurred ; Hooker, J., dissented.

Judgment of the Municipal Court reversed and a new trial ordered, costs to abide the event.  