
    SULLIVAN et al. v. SCHATZEL.
    (Supreme Court, Appellate Term.
    May 19, 1904.)
    • L Landlord and Tenant—Summary Proceedings—Premises Used for Immoral Purposes—Knowledge of Tenant—Degree of Proof.
    In summary proceedings by a landlord to recover the premises on account of their use for immoral purposes, it is sufficient to show such use, and it is not necessary to charge the tenant with knowledge thereof with the degree of certainty required in criminal or quasi criminal proceedings.
    
      Appeal from Municipal Court, Borough of Manhattan, Fourth District.
    Summary proceedings by Patrick H. Sullivan and another against A. O. Schatzel. From an order in favor of plaintiffs, defendant appeals. Affirmed.
    Argued before FREEDMAN, P. J., and TRUAX and SCOTT, JJ.
    Louis Levene (Max Schleimer, of counsel), for appellant
    Steuer & Hoffman, for respondents.
   SCOTT, J.

It is not apparent what standing Clara Stewart, who defended the proceeding, and now appeals, has to be heard. Schatzel is the tenant, and he makes no defense. He could not lawfully sublet or assign his lease without his landlord’s consent, and this he has never obtained. Clara Stewart, in her answer, does not even claim to be a tenant or lessee. She merely says that she is in possession and occupation of the premises, but does not specify in what right she holds. Apart from this, the evidence is sufficient to justify the finding that the premises had been allowed to be used for immoral purposes. In a proceeding of this character all that is necessary is to show that the premises are so used. It is not necessary to bring home knowledge to the tenant with the same degree of certainty as is required in a criminal or quasi criminal prosecution. The testimony of the appellant Stewart was of such a character that the justice before whom the case was tried might well have discarded and disbelieved it.

Order affirmed, with costs. All concur.  